Wine tourism

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The German Wine Gate in the southern Palatinate wine-growing community of Schweigen-Rechtenbach (Rhineland-Palatinate) has marked the southern beginning of the German Wine Route since 1936.

Wine tourism is used as a term for tourist stays in which the scenic and structural features of wine regions and wine-related activities are in the foreground.

Essence and history

Characteristic elements are the cultural landscape shaped by viticulture as well as gastronomic and tourist offers with a direct connection to wine . This includes visiting wine festivals , wineries and ostrich taverns , but also cultural and historical activities. Wine tourism is therefore closely linked to other forms of tourism such as recreational or cultural tourism . It includes day trips as well as vacation trips lasting several days and weeks. The wine-oriented travel motivation of the travelers is common to all wine tourism stays.

In some countries of the so-called "new" wine world, such as Australia and New Zealand , wine tourism has been a mainstay of the economy since the early 1990s . Wine tourism claims a niche position in the European travel market ; however, its importance is increasing. In Germany , viticulture has been subject to massive structural changes in recent years. While the number of winegrowers is steadily decreasing, especially small businesses are no longer viable, fewer and fewer businesses are cultivating ever larger areas . Wine tourism opens up the possibility of an additional source of income or even livelihood security . Against the background of saturated sales markets and international competition, regional profiling beyond wine products seems necessary.

At various German universities and colleges , wine tourism has emerged as a topic for economic, tourist and oenological courses .

Conceptual classification

There is no uniform definition of wine tourism in the relevant literature . According to the “Assembly of the European Wine Regions ” ( assemblée des régions européennes viticoles - AREV), wine tourism encompasses all those activities “in which the wine and the local gastronomy of the respective regions are linked to the culture , material or not of culture and wine tourism draw the attention of various authors. This is reflected, among other things, in the structural elements that are characteristic of wine-growing regions, such as wine presses or wine yards. The wine-oriented motivation to travel is also used as a determining factor.

Overall, wine tourism is determined by three different actors: the wine producers ( winemakers , winegrowing associations), tourist actors and the travelers. The seasonality factor is also an influencing factor, especially since wine tourism largely coincides with the vegetation period of the grapevine (May to October).

Wine tourism in Europe

Area of ​​the South Tyrolean Wine Route near Kaltern , view of Lake Caldaro , viticulture as far as the eye can see

Unlike European viticulture, wine tourism can look back on a short history. Although wine has been part of the European way of life for centuries , travel motivated by wine is a recent phenomenon. In Germany and Austria , the tourist offer around the wine is gradually expanding. In the classic countries of wine production - France , Italy and Spain - wine tourism is gaining in importance, albeit to a lesser extent than in German-speaking countries. The wine tourism infrastructure is only slowly improving here. Most of the French and Italian wineries remain closed to the public. In Portugal , the wine routes, such as the Rota dos Vinhos do Alentejo , are the focus of tourist development. Wine is currently experiencing a positive image change in Great Britain ; wine tourism is an increasingly recognized topic.

Wine tourism as an economic factor

According to research by the Geisenheim University and the German Wine Institute , wine tourism provides 75,000 jobs in Germany. The German wine-growing regions are the destination of 50 million tourists a year. You thus make a significant contribution to the turnover of the entire tourism industry. According to the study, wine lovers ensure a total turnover of 5.5 billion euros per year.

literature

  • Correia, L. & Ascencao, MP Wine Tourism in Portugal, In: J. Carlsen & S. Charters: Global Wine Tourism: Research, Management & Marketing. Wallingford 2004, pp. 242-254.
  • Getz, D. Explore Wine Tourism: Management, Development & Destinations. New York et al. 2000.
  • Hair, N. Wine tourism, In: C. Becker, H. Hopfinger & A. Steinecke: Geography of leisure and tourism: Balance and outlook. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2003, pp. 237–248.
  • Hall, CM et al. Wine Tourism: an Introduction, In: CM Hall, L. Sharples, B. Cambourne, N. Macionis, R. Mitchell & G. Johnson: Wine Tourism around the World - Development, Management and Markets. Oxford 2002, pp. 1-23.
  • Jätzold, R. Differentiation and promotion possibilities of cultural tourism and the recording of its potential using the example of the Ardennes-Eifel-Saar-Moselle area, In: C. Becker & A. Steinecke: Cultural tourism in Europe: Growth without borders? ETI, Trier 1993, pp. 135-144.
  • König, H. & Decker H. A cultural asset: vine and wine. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2013.
  • Macionis, N. Wine Tourism in Australia, In: G. Kearsley: Tourism Down Under II: Towards a more Sustainable Tourism , Conference Proceedings, Center for Tourism of the University of Otago, Dunedin 1996, pp. 264-286.
  • Müller, J. & Dreyer, A. Wine tourism. Markets, marketing, destination management - with numerous international analyzes. ITD-Verlag, Hamburg 2010.
  • Schätzel, O. Weinwirtschaft on international and national markets, In: H. König & H. Decker: Kulturgut Rebe und Wein. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2013, pp. 241–249.
  • Rüdiger, J. "The expectations of wine tourists" Akademiker Verlag, Saarbrücken 2014

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hair, N. Wine tourism, In: C. Becker, H. Hopfinger & A. Steinecke: Geography of leisure and tourism: balance and outlook. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2003, p. 237.
  2. ↑ Müller, J. & Dreyer, A. Wine tourism. Markets, marketing, destination management - with numerous international analyzes. ITD-Verlag, Hamburg 2010, p. 9f.
  3. ↑ Jätzold, R. Differentiation and promotion possibilities of cultural tourism and the recording of its potential using the example of the Ardennes-Eifel-Saar-Moselle area, In: C. Becker & A. Steinecke: Cultural tourism in Europe: Growth without borders? ETI, Trier 1993, p. 137.
  4. ↑ http://torc.linkbc.ca/torc/downs1/winetourism.pdf (link not available)
  5. ↑ Macionis, N. Wine Tourism in Australia, In: G. Kearsley: Tourism Down Under II: Towards a more Sustainable Tourism , Conference Proceedings, Center for Tourism of the University of Otago, Dunedin 1996, pp. 264-286.
  6. ↑ Müller, J. & Dreyer, A. Wine tourism. Markets, marketing, destination management - with numerous international analyzes. ITD-Verlag, Hamburg 2010, p. 8.
  7. ↑ Structural change in Rhineland-Palatinate continues ( memento from November 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Website of the service centers for rural areas in Rhineland-Palatinate. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  8. ^ Hair, N. Wine tourism, In: C. Becker, H. Hopfinger & A. Steinecke: Geography of leisure and tourism: balance and outlook. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2003, p. 239.
  9. ↑ Schätzel, O. Weinwirtschaft on international and national markets, In: H. König & H. Decker: Kulturgut Rebe und Wein. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2013, p. 248f.
  10. ↑ Müller, J. & Dreyer, A. Wine tourism. Markets, marketing, destination management - with numerous international analyzes. ITD-Verlag, Hamburg 2010, p. 9.
  11. ↑ Inventory and evaluation of the wine tourism offer in the European wine-growing regions (PDF; 1.3 MB). AREV website. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  12. ^ Hair, N. Wine tourism, In: C. Becker, H. Hopfinger & A. Steinecke: Geography of leisure and tourism: balance and outlook. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2003, p. 243.
  13. ^ Hall, CM et al. Wine Tourism: an Introduction, In: CM Hall, L. Sharples, B. Cambourne, N. Macionis, R. Mitchell & G. Johnson: Wine Tourism around the World - Development, Management and Markets. Oxford 2002, p. 3.
  14. ^ Getz, D. Explore Wine Tourism: Management, Development & Destinations. New York et al. 2000, p. 4.
  15. ^ Hair, N. Wine tourism, In: C. Becker, H. Hopfinger & A. Steinecke: Geography of leisure and tourism: balance and outlook. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 2003, p. 244.
  16. ^ Annually nine percent more wine tourism . In: Kurier , August 23, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  17. ↑ WeinReich Rhineland-Palatinate . Rhineland-Palatinate Tourism website. Retrieved April 13, 2015.
  18. ↑ Müller, J. & Dreyer, A. Wine tourism. Markets, marketing, destination management - with numerous international analyzes. ITD-Verlag, Hamburg 2010, p. 19f.
  19. ↑ Correia, L. & Ascenção, MP Wine Tourism in Portugal, In: J. Carlsen & S. Charters: Global Wine Tourism: Research, Management & Marketing. Wallingford 2004, p. 242ff.
  20. ↑ Traveller's Guide: Wine Tourism . In: Independent , September 28, 2012. Retrieved November 6, 2013.
  21. ↑ Handelsblatt of February 25, 2019