Welsbach patent
As Welsbach Patent is US - Patent 5003186 referred to which the land application of specific particles in the Earth's atmosphere to mitigate the global warming describes. The patent was filed in 1990 by David B. Chang and I-Fu Shih, who worked at Hughes Aircraft Company , and published in 1991.
Claimed active principle
The name of the patent goes back to the mantle that Carl Auer von Welsbach invented in the 19th century. The basic idea of the patented method is dust-like particles distributed by airplanes that have an emission spectrum like the material of a mantle. Their emissivity is high in the visible range, low in the near infrared and high again in the far infrared , as shown in the graphic below. The inventors believed that such particles would absorb the earth's thermal radiation , which mainly contains far infrared, and would at least partially release the energy so absorbed in the form of visible light . Visible light is hardly attenuated by greenhouse gases , so that the greenhouse effect would be reduced if the particles in the wavelength range of the far infrared absorb more energy than they emit there .
Doubts about the feasibility
According to Kirchhoff's law of radiation , a high degree of emissivity is associated with a high degree of absorption and vice versa. The particles with the proposed emission spectrum would therefore act like a greenhouse gas because they are supposed to absorb the heat radiation from the earth. Purely passive bodies, which have no energy source and are in local thermodynamic equilibrium with the environment , cannot amplify individual wavelength ranges from the surrounding equilibrium radiation or shift them into other wavelength ranges, because that would contradict the Second Law of Thermodynamics . The Planck's radiation law provides an upper bound for the thermal radiation at a given one body temperature can emit at a certain wavelength range, when it exclusively on the basis of its temperature , electromagnetic waves emitted. At temperatures like those in the earth's atmosphere, the proportion of visible light that a purely thermal radiator can emit is negligibly small according to Planck's law of radiation.
If the proposed particles could produce even a little more visible light than Planck's law of radiation allows, then this light could e.g. B. be converted into electrical energy by means of a photovoltaic system . This would generate useful energy from the ambient heat, which would be a perpetual motion machine of the second kind . A realization of the invention as it is described in the patent text therefore does not appear to be physically possible.
reception
In a study by the Kiel Earth Institute on geoengineering , the Welsbach patent is counted among the “proposals for the technological implementation of the stratospheric aerosol shield” without going into the patented idea.
An article in the online edition of Focus takes a critical look at the Welsbach patent and comes to the conclusion that the patented process would rather lead to "warming the earth instead of cooling it". The Welsbach patent was mentioned in PM Magazin and it was pointed out that there was no evidence that the patented process was actually being used.
In 2004 the magazine Raum & Zeit published the article "The Destruction of Heaven", in which chemtrails are traced back to the Welsbach patent. This assessment was shared by representatives of chemtrail theory in a letter of protest to the Federal Environment Agency in Germany , in which they classified the Welsbach patent as one of what they considered to be a reputable source. In a statement by the Swiss Federal Office for Civil Aviation , it is said that the emergence of the chemtrail thesis is related to the Welsbach patent, but there is no evidence and it is unlikely that aircraft spraying will actually take place.
From 2005 to 2006 Winfried Petzold from the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD), as a member of the Saxon state parliament, made five small inquiries to the Saxon state government , in which, with reference to the Welsbach patent, he provided information about the "probability of consequential health damage as a result of climatic manipulation and weather influences Contamination of the atmosphere with the Welsbach particles marked in this way ”. In Austria, the Welsbach patent is the subject of three parliamentary questions brought in by members of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) between 2007 and 2013.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Patent US5003186 : Stratospheric Welsbach Seeding for Reduction of Global Warming. Published March 26, 1991 .
- ↑ Mario Sedlak: Physical obstacles in the implementation of the idea described in the "Welsbach patent" In: Zeitschrift für Anomalistik. Vol. 15, 2015, ISSN 1617-4720 , pp. 317-325
- ↑ Targeted interventions in the climate? An inventory of the climate engineering debate, Kiel Earth Institute, p. 45. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
- ↑ Odenwald, Michael: 'Wetterkapriolen' (p. 2/5) Focus June 17, 2011.
- ↑ Odenwald, Michael: 'Wetterkapriolen' (p. 3/5) Focus June 17, 2011.
- ↑ Michael Kneissler: 'Conspiracy in the sky?' ( Memento from September 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) PM Magazin 01/2012.
- ↑ Gabriel Stetter: The Destruction of Heaven, Space & Time 127/2004
- ^ Letter of protest to the Federal Environment Agency. Retrieved March 19, 2014 .
- ↑ Federal Office of Civil Aviation: Why contrails are not chemtrails , p. 2
- ↑ Printed matter 4/3782, 4/3783, 4/3784, 4/3785 and 4/3987, available online
- ↑ FPÖ: Parliamentary Question No. 551 / J on the release of chemicals in the atmosphere to influence the climate (PDF; 17 kB), March 22, 2007.
- ↑ FPÖ: Parliamentary Question No. 11423 / J regarding weather manipulation by chemicals (PDF; 260 kB), April 19, 2012.
- ↑ FPÖ: Parliamentary Question No. 15921 / J on weather manipulation by chemicals (PDF; 90 kB), 6 September 2013.