Wilhelm Backhausen (theologian)

Karl Wilhelm August Backhausen (born July 30, 1869 in Hattorf ; † September 13, 1924 in Arosa ) was a German Evangelical Lutheran pastor and social worker . As an author , he advocated “youth-oriented” education and had a great influence on youth welfare . Always mindful of the primacy of the educational aspect, he was instrumental in preparing the legislation for reform of correctional education in the Weimar Republic involved.

Lithograph with different aspects of the Stephansstift , around 1902, by Carl Grote

Life

family

Wilhelm Backhausen was the son of the teacher Karl Heinrich August Backhausen and Johanna Sophie Dorothee Elisabeth (1825–1906), who worked in Hattorf, and was the daughter of the Barnstorf farmer Andreas Heinrich Siedentop and Sophie Elisabeth Schmidt . On his father's side, he was the grandson of the Hattorf teacher Carl Heinrich Backhausen and Henriette Gerloff . With his wife Agnes , a daughter of the publisher Alexander Wolff and Emma Mirow , Backhausen had a son and four daughters. His daughter Margrit (1908–1997) married the chocolate manufacturer and art patron Bernhard Sprengel .

Career

The son and grandson of Hattorff's teacher , Wilhelm Backhausen joined the Stephansstift outside Hanover in 1899 to serve as vicariate . Before that, during his studies in 1889, he became a member of the Strasbourg fraternity Arminia . After the Prussian law on welfare education for minors came into force on July 2, 1900, Backhausen began working as a second chaplain and head of educational work on November 17, 1901 until the year of his death in 1924.

From 1912 - and also until 1924 - Backhausen took over the chairmanship of the General Welfare Education Day (AFET), “the representation of all organizations involved in welfare education” in what was then Germany.

In the middle of the First World War , Wilhelm Backhausen founded a reformatory for male youths who had left school on the Kronsberg near Laatzen in 1915 , where he connected the manor Kronsberg with the Stephansstift. In September of the same year Backhausen also took over the management of the home there - and in 1915 also published his work Our Welfare Zöglinge und der Krieg .

Building on the ideas of Johann Hinrich Wichern for Protestant institutional education, Backhausen continued to develop the theory and practice, taking into account the changed social conditions after the end of the German Empire . He dealt with modern educational reform efforts and wrote numerous treatises in various specialist journals. In particular, he helped to overcome the traditional mistrust of the Protestant institution educators against psychiatry . As head of the AFET Backhausen was able to hold the representatives of the various ideological directions together in a balanced way for the reform of welfare education without denying his own point of view.

The property on Kronsberg was posthumously sold by the Stephansstift in 1962.

Honors

According to the address book of the city of Hanover from 1953, Backhausenweg, which was laid out in 1952 in the Hanover district of Mittelfeld, was named after the pastor and educator.

Fonts (selection)

Wilhelm Backhausen: Our welfare pupils and the war , Heymanns, 1915
Johannes Steinwachs, Wilhelm Backhausen, Johannes Voigt: Protestant institution education with special consideration of welfare education: Guide to the training of educators in institutions for male pupils , Hanover: Verlag des Stephansstifts, 1922

literature

Erich Less: Backhausen, Karl Wilhelm August. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 505 f. ( Digitized version ).
Johannes Wolff: Wilhelm Backhausen, a Protestant educator , Hanover: Bookstore of the Stephansstift, 1927
Festschrift for the 125th annual festival of the Stephansstift , 1994.
Jens Schmidt-Clausen: Backhausen, Karl Wilhelm August. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 41.

Remarks

↑ Deviating from this, the Stadtlexikon Hannover (see literature) names July 1, 1901 as the date of entry as vicar

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Jens Schmidt-Clausen: Backhausen ... (see literature)
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Erich Less: Backhausen ... (see literature)
^ 125 years of the Arminia fraternity in Strasbourg. Festschrift for the 125th anniversary. Tübingen 2011, p. 115.
↑ Compare Max Schultzenstein: The German Guardianship Law and the Prussian Law on the Welfare Education of Minors of July 2, 1900: together with the associated Prussian subsidiary laws and general provisions , text edition with explanations and subject index, 2nd edition, Berlin: Guttentag, 1901 (509 pages )
↑ ^a ^b Helmut Zimmermann : Backhausenweg. In: The street names of the state capital Hanover , Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 32

personal data
SURNAME	Backhausen, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Backhausen, Karl Wilhelm August (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	German Evangelical-Lutheran pastor and social worker
DATE OF BIRTH	July 30, 1869
PLACE OF BIRTH	Hattorf
DATE OF DEATH	September 13, 1924
Place of death	Arosa

[3] Deviating from this, the Stadtlexikon Hannover (see literature) names July 1, 1901 as the date of entry as vicar

[SLH-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Jens Schmidt-Clausen: Backhausen ... (see literature)

[NDB-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Erich Less: Backhausen ... (see literature)

[4] 125 years of the Arminia fraternity in Strasbourg. Festschrift for the 125th anniversary. Tübingen 2011, p. 115.

[5] Compare Max Schultzenstein: The German Guardianship Law and the Prussian Law on the Welfare Education of Minors of July 2, 1900: together with the associated Prussian subsidiary laws and general provisions , text edition with explanations and subject index, 2nd edition, Berlin: Guttentag, 1901 (509 pages )

[Adressbuch-6] Helmut Zimmermann : Backhausenweg. In: The street names of the state capital Hanover , Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 32