Marbled winter bamboo

Marbled winter bamboo
	Marbled winter bamboo ( Chimonobambusa marmorea )
Systematics
Order :	Sweet grass (Poales)
Family :	Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily :	Bamboo (Bambusoideae)
Tribe :	Arundinarieae
Genre :	Chimonobambusa
Type :	Marbled winter bamboo
Scientific name
	Chimonobambusa marmorea
	( Mitford ) Makino

The marbled winter bamboo ( Chimonobambusa marmorea ) is a type of bamboo from the genus Chimonobambusa with 2 to 3 meter high stalks and 10 to 14 cm long blade blades. The range of the species is in China .

description

Chimonobambusa marmorea is perennial and forms leptomorphic rhizomes . The woody stalks grow upright and reach a height of 2 to 3 meters and a diameter of 0.5 to 1 centimeter. The internodes are initially green and later purple, terete and 10 to 14 centimeters long. They are almost hairless, but have a brown, felty ring under each knot. The nodes are somewhat thickened and have no aerial roots . For each bud, three or more horizontal side branches are formed, which are about the same thickness and thinner than the stalk. The straw-sheaths are permanent, brown with gray spots and longer than the internodes. They are paper-like, initially sparsely stiff-haired and have ciliate edges. The ligule is small. The leaf blade is 2 to 3 millimeters long and inconspicuous. Two to four leaves are formed per branch. The edge of the leaf sheaths are ciliate, the bristles on the shoulders (oral setae) are colorless and 3 to 4 millimeters long. The ligule is membranous, truncated and ciliate. The leaf blade is linear-lanceolate, 10 to 14 inches long and 0.7 to 0.9 inches wide. Transverse leaf veins are clearly developed. The leaf base has a short stalk-like connection to the sheath.

The inflorescences consist of only a few spikelets and bracts at the base of each inflorescence are several hüllspelzenähnliche bracts . The spikelets are sessile, linear, laterally compressed and 2 to 4 inches long. Four to seven fertile florets are formed per spikelet , the florets at the tip are reduced and sterile. When ripe, the spikelets break apart under the individual florets. One or two permanent and similar glumes are formed per spikelet, which are shorter than the spikelet. The glumes are lanceolate and 6 to 8 millimeters long. They are membranous, keeled, pointed and five-veined. The lemma of fertile florets is oblong, 6 to 7 millimeters long, membranous, uncut, pointed and five to seven times veined. Both side veins and transverse veins are formed. The palea is the same length as the palea and eight-veined. The sterile florets are similar to the fertile ones, but they are not fully developed. Three ciliated, 2 to 3 millimeter long erectile tissue , three 3.5 to 4 millimeter long stamens and a small stylus with two stigmas are formed per flower . The fruits are 5 to 6 millimeters long caryopses .

Young shoots appear from August to September.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.

Distribution and ecology

The natural range is in China in the provinces Fujian , Hubei , Shaanxi , Sichuan and Zhejiang . There the species grows on hills and low mountains at heights of 200 to 1500 meters.

Systematics and research history

Chimonobambusa marmorea is a species of the genus Chimonobambusa , Tribus Arundinarieae , subfamily bamboo (Bambusoideae). The species was of Algernon Freeman-Mitford 1894 as Bambusa marmorea ( Basionym ) first described . Makino Tomitarō put the species in the Botanical Magazine in 1914 in the genus Chimonobambusa . Synonyms of the species are Arundinaria kokantsik Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn. , Arundinaria marmorea Makino , Arundinaria matsumarae Hack. , Arundinaria nana Makino , Bambusa santsik inch. , Chimonobambusa setiformis T.H.Wen and Phyllostachys marmorea (Mitford) Asch. & Graebn.

Individual evidence

↑ German name after Robert Zander : Zander. Concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold . 18th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5408-1 , p. 271.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Zheng-de Zhu, Chris Stapleton: Chimonobambusa marmorea In: Flora of China. Volume 22, p. 154.
↑ ^a ^b W. D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, KT Harman, H. Williamson: Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, accessed March 2, 2015 .
^ Tropicos. [1]
↑ Chimonobambusa marmorea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
↑ Bambusa marmorea. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .
↑ Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .
↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 2, 2015.

literature

Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 22: Poaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2006, ISBN 1-930723-50-4 , pp. 154 (English).

Web links

Commons : Marbled Winter Bamboo - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Chimonobambusa marmorea at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed March 2, 2015.

[deutsch-1] German name after Robert Zander : Zander. Concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold . 18th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5408-1 , p. 271.

[FoC-2] Zheng-de Zhu, Chris Stapleton: Chimonobambusa marmorea In: Flora of China. Volume 22, p. 154.

[GrassBase-3] W. D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, KT Harman, H. Williamson: Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: GrassBase - The Online World Grass Flora. Royal Botanic Gardens, accessed March 2, 2015 .

[Tropicos-4] Tropicos. [1]

[GRIN-5] Chimonobambusa marmorea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

[IPNI_bas-6] Bambusa marmorea. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .

[IPNI-7] Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved March 2, 2015 .

[WCSP-8] Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Chimonobambusa marmorea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved March 2, 2015.