Wilhelm von Turk

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Karl Christian Wilhelm von Türk (born January 8, 1774 in Meiningen ; † July 30, 1846 in Klein Glienicke ) was a lawyer and educator .

Türk was the youngest son of the Chamber President von Türk and his wife Maria von Bibra . In his hometown he first attended the school of the local Masonic lodge . When his mother died in 1780, Türk came to live with his uncle, the head hunter from Bibra in Hildburghausen , where he and his cousins ​​were brought up by private tutors.

In 1791, Türk enrolled at the University of Jena for law , which his older brother had been studying there for several semesters. The poet Novalis and Türks later employer von Bassewitz were his fellow students. In 1793, Türk was able to successfully complete his studies and he was refused a position in Berlin that had already been promised .

When Türk came back to Hildburghausen after studying in Switzerland , he made the acquaintance of Grand Duke Charles II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . In the same year he hired Türk as an auditor of his law firm and appointed him a chamberlain . In 1796, Türk was promoted to chamberlain and judiciary . In 1800 the Grand Duke Turk also transferred the supervision of the schools. He prepared himself for this task by studying specialist literature and by visiting schools to get to know current teaching practice. Since he regarded the teaching methods as inadequate in comparison with the findings from the pedagogical specialist literature, he undertook a longer study trip to well-known teachers and their teaching institutions from 1804. In addition to Dessau and Frankfurt am Main , he also came to Yverdon-les-Bains , where Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi had just reopened his educational institute and Turk explained his methods for various subjects and also had his own lessons.

In 1805, Türk resigned from the service of the Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, as he felt that he was being passed over in a promotion, and moved to Oldenburg , where he was appointed judicial and consistorial councilor in early 1806. In the same year he married Wilhelmine von Buch, the daughter of the Prussian privy councilor von Buch from Stolpe on the Oder. With her he had two children, a daughter and a son. In the Oldenburg consistory he advocated the introduction of the Pestalozzian teaching method in elementary schools, but was unable to prevail against the conservative general superintendent Anton Georg Hollmann. Instead, he founded his own private educational establishment based on Pestalozzi's example, which was well received by the Oldenburg citizens and was also used for teacher training beyond Oldenburg. In 1806, Türk was accepted into the Oldenburg Literary Society .

Since his successful private school in the Oldenburg consistory was increasingly in distress compared to the teachers of other, conventional schools and the influential chancellery Christian Ludwig Runde was one of his opponents, in 1808 Türk took advantage of Pestalozzi's offer to teach at his institute in Switzerland and he did moved to Yverdon.

In 1811 he left Pestalozzi's institute again and founded his own school again in Vevey . In May 1815 he was appointed to the school in Frankfurt (Oder) , and three years later he went to Potsdam in the same position . There he was given honorary citizenship in 1839 . He made a name for himself as a founder of welfare institutions and as an educator. For example, he founded an orphanage in the Glienicke hunting lodge . He was often referred to as the Prussian Pestalozzi . In order to keep his pupils busy, he took up a silkworm rearing that had begun under the Great Elector , the so-called Glienicke mulberry plantation. He published several books on his projects, conceptions and experiences of learning. His grave is in the cemetery in Klein-Glienicke , where the "Türkhof", also called "Türkshof", which he built and named after him, is located.

Around Easter 1846, Türk injured his foot, but did not attach any importance to this injury. It is likely that the cause of death was blood poisoning . Wilhelm von Türk died at the age of 70 on July 30th of the same year in Klein Glienicke. The court preacher Grisson arranged the funeral.

Works

  • Brief instructions for raising and caring for the mulberry tree and for making silk . Bessler, Berlin 1851 (together with [Hermann?] Sello )
  • Complete instructions for the appropriate treatment of the silk structure and the reeling of the silk as well as for the upbringing and treatment of the mulberry trees according to the latest experiences and observations . Riegel Verlag, Potsdam, 1829
    • 1. - Of the silk industry in general, of its previous failures and the causes thereof, as well as of its spread and the climate suitable for it
    • 2. - Complete instructions for the operation of silk building and reeling of silk
    • 3. - Instructions on how to properly train and treat the mulberry trees
  • Life and work of the government and school councilor Wilhelm von Türk, written down by himself as a legacy to the orphanages he founded . Potsdam, Robert Mueller. 1904.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Potsdam - history; Honorary citizen Wilhelm von Türk
personal data
SURNAME Türk, Wilhelm von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Türk, Karl Christian Wilhelm von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator, lawyer, cartographer, publisher
DATE OF BIRTH January 8, 1774
PLACE OF BIRTH Meiningen
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 1846
Place of death Klein Glienicke