Strängnäs windmill
| Strängnäs windmill
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 The six-wing windmill in Strängnäs |
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| Location and history | ||
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| Coordinates | 59 ° 22 '45 " N , 17 ° 1' 47" E | |
| Location | Strängnäs | |
| Built | 1855 | |
| Shut down | after 1930 | |
| Status | renovated; not in operation for safety reasons | |
| technology | ||
| use | Sightseeing | |
| Grinder | 4th | |
| drive | Wind, electric motor | |
| Windmill type | Dutch windmill | |
| Wing type | Sail gate wing | |
| Number of wings | 6th | |
| Tracking | Internal harvester | |
The windmill Strängnäs is a six-blade Dutch windmill in Strängnäs , Sweden , from 1855 and is a designated architectural monument ( Byggnadsminne ) in the Södermanland region .
history
The first mill in town was built around 1630, as the new guild system from 1629 no longer allowed the Strängnäsern to use hand mills . The mayor obtained permission from the Swedish court to build a windmill . The mill fell into disrepair in the 1660s. These mills were often simply put together, did not have the high quality of modern mills and usually no stone foundation. The Stockholm miller Olof Nilsson built a new windmill around 1665. For unknown reasons, Mayor Johan Berelius had to build a new windmill as early as 1687–1688. From the proceeds of the meal he paid money for the poor and was later ennobled as a bull neroos for his service in office .
After more than 150 years, this mill was so in need of repairs that its last miller Haglund sold it with the property and outbuildings in 1847 to the councilor AV Halling and the merchant Nils Adolf Rydberg. They had the old mill from 1688 with the house and shed demolished and the current mill built on the hill. The initials "AH" and the year "1855" stamped into the weather vane are a reminder of this.
On April 1, 1918, the last owner, Mathilda Karlsson, sold the windmill and outbuildings to the city for SK 40,000. Her eldest son, Erland Karlsson, leased and operated the mill until around 1930, according to other sources (see Swedish page) for several decades. A 30 HP electric motor was installed in the entrance floor in 1922 to electrify the mill. Extensive restorations and repairs took place in 1950 , 1957 and 2012 so that it can still be windmilled today, but is not put into operation for safety reasons. It is next to the Strängnäser Cathedral , the landmark of the city.
description
The mill of Strängnäs is visible from afar on the mill hill ( Swedish: kvarnkull (en) - (the) mill hill) near the port of Strängnäs on Lake Mälaren on a small headland. It is the largest six-winged mill in Sweden. The mill building with a cap height of 14.5 m and a lower diameter of 10.5 m is erected on a stone base, has straight, non-concave, red wooden side walls with ribs on the outside, fixed as a hexagonal truncated pyramid on a wooden frame construction. The very flat, rotatable cap is covered with a twelve-sided (dodecagonal), black-tarred, flat tent roof, a typical design in Sweden. It has an internal raking mechanism which, due to the very low cap, is operated from the bulk floor below the cap bottom with a reel in a spindle leading the cap via gear ratios . The brake cable is attached next to it. The six-fold wing cross with an axis extended to the front to accommodate the additional stabilization cables of the six sail gate wings has an alignment (diameter) of 21.5 m. It drives four pairs of millstones, the drive mechanism is largely made of wood, except for the vane shaft, comb wheel and top bunker. The mill has five floors (bottoms): entrance floor, flour floor (flour filling), stone floor (grain impregnation), bulk floor / elevator floor (heating and filling of the grain sacks) and the very low cap floor, which only needs to be entered for maintenance work. Access to the floors is via wooden ladders. The sacks of grain were carried down to the stone floor, from where they were first transported to the bulk floor by elevator. The filled flour sacks were carried on the shoulders of the mill servants from the flour floor to the entrance floor for removal. Around the mill there used to be a gallery-like footbridge on stilts just below the lower row of windows, the so-called “sail bridge” (Swedish: “segelbryggan”), which the miller used to set sails. Later it was also the loading and unloading point for the sacks. So that the horses did not shy away, they had to be led on the leeward side because of the rotating impeller. A black and white photo from 1911 shows the windmill in Strängnäs in operation, with the walkway around it.
Mill data
- Cap height: 14.5 m (48 ft)
- Center cap height: 2.8 m (9.2 ft)
- Total height: 23 m (77 ft)
- Mill wing span (diameter / flight): 21.5 m (71 ft)
- Weight of the five-fold wing cross: ~ 1.8 t
- Comb wheel diameter: 2 m (6.6 ft)
- Basic outer width: 10 m (33 ft)
- Grinds: 4
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Dedication decision of the Swedish Imperial Antiquities Office (Riksantikvarieämbetet - Swedish Central Office for the Preservation of Monuments)
- ↑ Functional drawing of the windmill (Swedish) ( Memento from June 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Image of the mill from 1911 ( Memento from November 11, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
