Contrescarpe residential complex

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The residential building ensemble contrescarpe . No. 8 to No. 36 in. Bremen - center at the contrescarpe is an ensemble, and most individual houses under conservation .

history

Bremen 1757

The Bremen city wall was built in the Middle Ages and enclosed the old town of Bremen. In the 17th century the city wall was transformed into a fortification with the Wall ( Scarp ) on the old town side and the street Am Wall . Opposite ( contre ) the ramparts, the Contrescarpe , the outer slope of the moat , ran in a zigzag .

The Bremen ramparts emerged from the fortifications built up to the 17th century. They were created from 1802 to 1811 according to plans by Christian Ludwig Bosse (1802) and Isaak Altmann (from 1803). The walls were razed . Only then was it possible to build on Am Wall and the Contrescarpe. Only wealthy merchants could settle here. Holiday houses and townhouses with apartments and offices were preferred on the Wall.

The Contrescarpe between Hohenpfad / Ostertorsteinweg and Kohlhökerstraße is a preserved example of the different building culture of the wealthy in Bremen in the 19th century. Upper-class houses and villas were built. Only pro forma initially remained the residence at the office in the old town.

As early as 1803, Senator Johann Smidt , later Bremen's famous mayor, built his war-torn residence at Contrescarpe No. 25. The Contrescarpe was built with detached single-family houses until the 1840s. From this time house number 22 has been preserved, the former summer house of the merchant and consul Stephan Lürmann from 1822 (remodeling in 1866) who also built his house at Am Wall 113 in 1823. In 1849 the "gate lock" was lifted and the suburban citizens received the same citizenship as the old town citizens. The building site on the Contrescarpe received a major upgrade. Many of the summer houses have been replaced by terraced houses or densely stacked hipped roof houses for the upper class.

Contrescarpe 19-14

The Contrescarpe 17-19 houses were built around 1850, followed by more detached or semi-detached houses. The terraced houses Contrescarpe 27 to 30, 33 to 36 and Kohlhökerstraße 38 were built between 1852 and 1853 . The building stock increased. Around 1870 (No. 9 to 15) and 1894 (No. 8A-8D), existing suburban houses were also displaced, for example between Meinkenstrasse and Hohenpfad. In the 1890s, the Neo-Renaissance style was popular and older houses were also reshaped in this way. With the classicist facades, row houses emerged as the type of Bremen houses .

In the course of the building eras, the style of the houses changed, most of which are plastered, but then at the turn of the century were also designed with yellow or red clinker bricks (No. 8 to 8C, 32):

building

House
no.		 Architects Builders, users time Business
8th Andreas Weiland 1894 3
8A Andreas Weiland 1894 3
8B Andreas Weiland 1894 3
8C Andreas Weiland 1894 3
9 Lüder Rutenberg 1860 2
10 around 1870
around 1895		 3
12 around 1870 3
14th around 1870 3
15/16 around 1870 3
17th ?
Albert Dunkel 		HH Sengstak
Johann Heinrich Gildemeister		 around 1850
1895		 2/3
18th Lüder Rutenberg
Fritz Dunkel 		1855 GW Fletcher
1894 Caspar Kulenkampff
1924 G. Carl Lahusen		 around 1850
1894		 2
19th around 1850
around 1894
1910		 3
21st Heinrich Muller Stephan August Lürmann 1866 2
22-24 Jacob Ephraim Polzin
Lüder Rutenberg
Heinrich Müller
Rudolf Alexander Schröder 		Theodor Gerhard Lürman
Johannes TheodorLürman
Johann Georg Wolde
Senator for the Interior		 1822
1853
1866
1905		 2
27 around 1852 3
29 Johann Averdieck 1852 3
30th 1852 3
32 Eduard Gildemeister Johann Smidt 1891 2
33 ? Albrecht Dietrich Finke 1853 3
34 Lüder Rutenberg Heinrich Garrels 1853 3
35 Lüder Rutenberg Friedrich Ludwig Seekamp 1853 3
36/37 Johann Ludwig Ruyter 1852 3
KH 38 Lüder Rutenberg 1853 3

  • Contrescarpe 8

  • Contrescarpe 8 A – C

  • Contrescarpe 9

  • Contrescarpe 10

  • Contrescarpe 12

  • Contrescarpe 14

  • Contrescarpe 16/15

  • Contrescarpe 17

  • Contrescarpe 18

  • Contrescarpe 19

  • Contrescarpe 21, Villa Lürman

  • Contrescarpe 22-24, Villa Lürman

  • Contrescarpe 29

  • Contrescarpe 30

  • Contrescarpe 32, Villa Smidt

  • Contrescarpe 33

  • Contrescarpe 34

  • Contrescarpe 35

  • Contrescarpe 36

  • Kohlhökerstraße 38

Uses today

The area of ​​the Contrescarpe residential complex from No. 8 - Hohenpfad - to No. 36 and Kohlhökerstraße No. 38 comprises only part of the Contrescarpe street, which leads west to No. 144 and Daniel-von-Büren-Straße .

Many residential buildings in this ensemble area underwent multiple renovations, especially for the later office uses, and often only high-end apartments remained on the upper floors. The houses in this area survived World War II, while in the western part of the street many buildings were destroyed and replaced by new ones. Due to the location close to the city, lawyers, notaries, architects, doctors, a gallery and other service providers have their practices or company headquarters here.
The Institut français Bremen has been located in No. 19 since the 1950s .
Numbers 22–24 are now the official residence of the Senator for Home Affairs .

Monument protection

The ensemble and individual building were placed under monument protection as a Bremen cultural monument in 1973 .

Literature, sources

  • Rudolf Stein : Classicism and Romanticism in Architecture in Bremen II , p. 23/24, 1965.
  • Chamber of Architects Bremen, BDA Bremen and Senator for Environmental Protection and Urban Development (ed.): Architecture in Bremen and Bremerhaven , example 15. Worpsweder Verlag, Bremen 1988, ISBN 3-922516-56-4 .
  • Nils Aschenbeck: 33 houses in Bremen - 33 Bremen stories , pp. 45–46. Bremen 2004.

Web links

Commons : Contrescarpe (Bremen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Monument database of the LfD Bremen

Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 27.8 "  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 57.2"  E