Załęże (Katowice)
Załęże | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Silesia | |
District of: | Katowice | |
Area : | 3.39 km² | |
Geographic location : | 50 ° 16 ' N , 18 ° 59' E | |
Height : | 267 m npm | |
Residents : | 11,569 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 32 | |
License plate : | SK | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Rail route : | Katowice – Gliwice | |
Next international airport : | Katowice |
Załęże (ˈʐaˈwɛ̃ʐɛ) (German: Zalenze ) is a district of Katowice in Upper Silesia ( Poland ). It is one of the oldest villages in the region and is located in the northwest of the city of Katowice on the small river Rawa , which flows into the Vistula . Important roads and a railway line run through Zalenze. The Katowice airport is located near the town. Zalenze is an industrial town with mining and metal factories. Today the district has around 11,500 inhabitants. City attractions include a. the Catholic St. Josef Church and a former ducal castle. The boxing club 06 Kleofas is known beyond the borders of the town .
history
According to Polish reports, Zalenze was first mentioned in the 13th century. Mining began as early as the 16th century. Especially after the founding of factories in the 19th century, the village turned into an industrial settlement where coal and ores were mined and smelted.
In 1896 Zalenze suffered a serious accident in the coal mine of Kleofas , which killed 105 miners.
In the last two decades up to the First World War , German and Polish associations in culture and sport were founded under Prussian-German rule in Zalenze, and they were strongly politicized.
When the conflict over Upper Silesia broke out between Poland and Germany after the First World War , Zalenze also became an object of conflict between the two countries. In the referendum on March 20, 1921, 54% of the residents voted for the city to remain with the German Reich. Thereupon there was a rebellion of Polish forces who tried to hand over the place to Poland. In 1922 Zalenze and parts of Upper Silesia were ceded to Poland. In 1924 the place was incorporated into the city of Katowice. At that time Zalenze reached the highest population level in 1923 with 17,000 inhabitants.
In the interwar period , the place retained its importance as an important industrial location.
During the Second World War , Zalenze and Kattowitz again fell to Germany. This was followed by German occupation and Nazi rule, to which both Jewish and Polish residents of the place fell victim.
After the Second World War, decades of communist rule followed, which also shaped the Katowice district of Zalenze. The factories became state-owned. In the 1960s and 1970s, flat housing estates were built, which can still be seen today alongside the older workers' buildings. After the fall of 1989/1990, Zalenze also achieved western innovations, which were reflected in modern culture, schools and business. So Zalenze u. a. the branch of a management school. Buildings, streets and railways were modernized. However, the ailing companies fell into crisis and were about to close.
Sons and daughters of the place
- Ewald Dytko (1914–1993), Polish football player
- Reinhold Olesch (1910–1990), German Slavist and linguist
- Franz Johannes Rosumek (1883–1938), German politician (DP) and chairman of the German Party (1922–1938)