Blue tooth wing

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Blue tooth wing
Blued tooth wing Polyommatus daphnis ♀

Blued tooth wing Polyommatus daphnis ♀

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Bluebirds (Lycaenidae)
Subfamily : Polyommatinae
Genre : Polyommatus
Type : Blue tooth wing
Scientific name
Polyommatus daphnis
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
Blue tooth wing ♀

The Polyommatus Daphnis ( Polyommatus daphnis ) is a butterfly ( butterfly ) from the family of Gossamer (Lycaenidae). It got its German species name because of the row of teeth-like bulges of the hind wing margins. The blue tooth wing can be mistakenly classified as hairstreak by beginners due to the wavy edge of the hind wings , but these have no points on the underside of the wing. The scientific species name of the tooth-wing bluing refers to the shepherd Daphnis in Sicily, son of Hermes and a nymph from Greek mythology .

features

The male has a fore wing length of 18 to 19 millimeters and is slightly larger than the female. On the upper side, the wings of the males are light blue to turquoise with narrow black-brown edges. The underside is light gray and a little darker on the hind wings. The black spots are outlined in white. The cell of the forewing has no discoid spot, on the hind wing there are no orange spots on the outer edge. The upper side of the females is deep blue with a black discoid spot. The dark hems are very pronounced on the front and outer edges. The bulges on the hind wing edge are more pronounced. The underside of the wing is gray-brown with a white streak and otherwise resembles the male. The dark form steeveni of the females has a gray-brown upper wing surface and diffuse whitish or gray-brown bordered spots. The green caterpillar has yellow dorsal ridges and strongly protruding black stigmas.

Flight time

Polyommatus daphnis is single-brood , meaning it only produces one generation that flies from June to August.

Habitat and way of life

The blue tooth-wing lives in warm, flower-rich areas and prefers limestone soil. In Germany, blue tooth-wing blues occur primarily on limestone slopes and grasslands in primary succession stages . The caterpillar feeds on tragacanth ( Astragalus ) and Esparsette species ( Onobrychis ) as well as red vetch ( Securigera varia ). The eggs are laid on the leaves of the host plant. Shaded plants are preferred in very hot and dry habitats. The caterpillar lives in symbiosis with the stranger garden ant ( Lasius alienus ), the Great meadow ant ( Formica pratensis ) and the Black flowers ant ( Tapinoma erraticum ). The overwintering takes place as an egg or young caterpillar.

distribution

Polyommatus daphnis occurs locally in northern Spain in the provinces of Madrid , Burgos , Cuenca , Teruel ( Montes Universales ), Logroño ( Sierra de la Demanda ) and in the lower reaches of the Pyrenees from Huesca to Girona . In southern France from the Eastern Pyrenees over the Massif Central and Savoy to the Maritime Alps and over the Apennine Peninsula to Sicily. The species is largely absent in northern Italy ( Po Valley ), but occurs again in South Tyrol , as well as along the eastern Adriatic coast as far as Greece. The female steeveni form occurs almost exclusively in the southern Alps and in Spain. In Germany the species occurs from the Rhön over Mainfranken and the Franconian Alb to the Danube. To the west of it there are a few locally strongly delimited sites in the building land and in the Tauberland . Via the Czech Republic, Slovakia, southeastern Poland, Hungary, Romania, eastern Bulgaria to the Black Sea. In the Crimea and occasionally in southern Russia. The distribution extends eastward to Iran. In the Alps, the species does not rise particularly high and is restricted to the southern valleys. In the mountains it rises to over 1500 meters.

Danger

The species is endangered in Germany and is of particular interest as a species with geographical restrictions ( Red List FRG: 2). The blue tooth wing is not endangered throughout Europe and its existence is rated as stable in the Red Data Book of European Butterflies over 25 years (1974–1999).

Synonyms

  • Meleageria meleager , Esper 1779

supporting documents

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b L. G. Higgins, ND Riley: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg and Berlin 1978, ISBN 3-490-01918-0 , p. 266 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 , p. 128 .
  3. ↑ a b c Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 , p. 108.
  4. ^ Otakar Kudrna: The distribution atlas of European butterflies . In: oedippus . tape 20 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup Danmark 2002, ISBN 87-88757-56-0 , pp. 258 .
  5. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .
  6. ↑ Chris AM van Swaay & Martin S. Warren: Red Data Book of European Butterflies (Rhopalocera) , Nature and Environment, No. 99, Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg, 1999

literature

  • Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
  • Hans-Josef Weidemann: Butterflies: observe, determine . Naturbuch-Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89440-115-X .
  • Butterflies. 2. Special part: Satyridae, Libytheidae, Lycaenidae, Hesperiidae . In: Günter Ebert, Erwin Rennwald (eds.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 2 . Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1991, ISBN 3-8001-3459-4 .

Web links

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