Freiberg colliery

Freiberg colliery
General information about the mine
Mining history information board for the Freiberg colliery
other names	Freiberg & Augustenshoffnung colliery
Funding / year	Max. 132,299 t
Information about the mining company
Employees	up to 541
Start of operation	1861
End of operation	1912
Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 30 '13.1 "  N , 7 ° 36' 6.9"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 30 '13.1 "  N , 7 ° 36' 6.9"  E
Location Freiberg colliery
Location	Sing out
local community	Holzwickede
District ( NUTS3 )	Unna
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

The Freiberg colliery is a former hard coal mine in Holzwickede-Rausingen . The mine was located near the city limits of Sölde . The mine emerged from the renaming of the Freiberg & Augustenshoffnung colliery .

history

The beginnings

In 1758 the motto was placed on the fields Freiberg 1 and Freiberg 2. On April 11, 1850, a prospect's license was issued for exploring the deposit . In the same year the Augustenshoffnung colliery was awarded . In 1851 a seam was drilled during the exploration work . On December 1 of the same year, another appeal was lodged. In the following year, work began on digging a shaft. A seam 50 inches thick was exposed during the sinking work . On December 12th of the same year the Geviertfeld Freiberg was awarded. In 1856 the Freiberg and Augustenshoffnung collieries formed a joint venture in order to be able to go over to civil engineering together with two shafts . In the same year, the sinking work for shaft 1 began in the Augustenshoffnung mine. The shaft was named Schacht Clemens. Bergbau-Aktien-Gesellschaft Mark was founded on January 30, 1857 . Shortly after the establishment, the two mines Freiberg and Augustenshoffnung were acquired by the Bergbau-Aktien-Gesellschaft Mark. The Berechtsame included at this time an area of 2.1 km ² . In 1857, the shaft 1 reached at a depth which is 22 meters carbon . In 1858 the shaft reached a depth of 93 meters (+ 35 m above sea ​​level ). A pilot hole was drilled to a depth of 103 meters, but no seam was encountered with this hole. In the following year, at a depth of 40 meters (+ 88 m above sea level), an investigation crosscut to the south was set. The weather bed was later driven at the same level . The exploratory crosscut cut a seam 54 inches thick . Further outcrops to the east and west followed. In 1860, the first level was set at a depth of 61 meters. In the same year the authorized person was measured and pitted .

The first years of operation

Mining began in 1861. In the same year, the sinking work on the Clemens shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The following year, the second level was set at a depth of 112 meters (+ 16 m above sea level). In 1864 a connecting line to Holzwickede station was put into operation. As a result, the mine was now connected to the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn. In 1865 a drainage shaft was put into operation. In 1867 a cut was made from the 2nd level. In 1868 work began on sinking a weather shaft in the north field. The shaft was designed as a broken (half straight, half sloping) weather shaft. The shaft was 350 meters east of today's diversion road / street Steinbrück stated . In the same year, a part of the field adjacent to the east was leased by the Hörder coal works. In the following year, the sinking work on the weather shaft was stopped. The reason for the cessation of the sinking work was strong water inflows. At this point in time the shaft had already reached a depth of 31 meters. In the same year, the Clemens shaft was sunk deeper again.

In 1871 the third level was set in the Clemens shaft at a depth of 200 meters (-72 m above sea level). In the same year, the sinking work on the weather shaft was continued and the shaft was sunk to the Reiser seam. In 1872, a midsole was added in the Clemens shaft at a depth of 172 meters (-43 m above sea level). In the same year, the weather shaft was sunk in the main seam up to the second level. The following year, the southern field was dammed due to high water inflows . In 1874 the cross passage to the north on the second level reached a driveway length of 807 meters. In the same year the southern field was swamped , and the sinking work on the Clemens shaft was continued. In 1875 the final consolidation to Freiberg & Augustenshoffnung took place. The rights covered an area of ​​3.6 km ² , the construction site also included the field leased by the Hörder coal works with an area of ​​1.44 km ² . In the same year, the fourth level was set in the Clemens shaft at a depth of 245 meters (- 117 m above sea level). The shaft reached a final depth of 249 meters. In 1883, the 172-meter midsole was shed . In 1888 a coal washing plant and a separation plant were put into operation.

Further expansion and operation

In 1890, the fifth level in the substation construction was started using dies . This level was at a depth of 344 meters (- 216 m above sea level). In 1891, the sinking of shaft 2 began. This shaft was named Schacht Mark and was set up 60 meters north of the Clemens shaft. The shaft was planned as a further weather shaft. In the same year the shaft reached the carbon at a depth of 24 meters. In 1892 the shaft was sunk up to the second level in the Reiser seam. In the same year, the leased field was acquired by the Hörder coal works. From 1894 the mine was called Zeche Freiberg. In 1897, dirt bank, main seam and water bank were extracted from the mine in the seams. In 1901 were in the mine three seams with a thickness of up to 1.35 meters in Verhieb . At that time the mine belonged to the district of the Oberbergamt Dortmund and there to the mining area south Dortmund. On January 7, 1903, there was a fire in the coal washing plant. On April 1st of the same year a new processing plant was put into operation. In 1904 the Clemens shaft received a new steel headframe . In October 1905 the mine was taken over by the Mülheim Mining Association.

The last few years until the shutdown

On October 1st, 1906, a briquette factory went into operation. In 1911 there was a six-week strike at the mine . On October 1, 1912, the Freiberg colliery was taken over by the Lorraine union . Due to the small pit field and the exhaustion of the deposits , the mine was shut down on the same day. The surface facilities were almost completely demolished in 1913 and the shafts were filled .

Promotion and workforce

Heavy coal of medium quality was extracted from the mine . The first known workforce dates from 1857, when 72 miners were employed in the mine. The first known production figures come from the year 1861, in that year around 6500 tons of hard coal were produced. In 1864, 204 employees produced 12,151 tonnes of hard coal. In 1870, 43,146 tonnes of hard coal were mined, the workforce in that year was 305 employees. In 1875, 304 employees produced 57,576 tons of hard coal. In 1880 the production increased slightly to 59,217 tons of hard coal, the workforce in this year was 274 employees. In 1885, with 291 employees, 68,021 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1891, with 464 employees, 91,157 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1895 the production sank to 85,000 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 395 in that year. In 1900 the production increased again to 110,509 tons of hard coal, the workforce in this year was 487 employees. In 1905, the production was 124,000 tons of hard coal. The maximum production of the mine was achieved in 1910, with 541 employees, 132,299 tons of hard coal were produced. These are also the last known production and workforce figures for the mine.

What is left

Today the VW works in Vincenz Wiederholt are located on the former colliery site .

A street on the Dortmund / Holzwickeder city limits is reminiscent of this mine; in Sölde it is called "Zeche-Freiberg-Straße", in Holzwickede "Freiberger Weg".

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w} Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s} Peter Voss: The collieries in the Unna district. Picture chronicle of the mines Freiberg, Caroline, Massener Tiefbau, Alter Hellweg, Königsborn, Monopol, Haus Aden, Prussia, Victoria, Minister Achenbach, Hermann, Werne, Stollen- und Kleinzechen . Regio-Verlag, Werne 1995, ISBN 3-929158-05-1 .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
5. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume 46, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
6. ^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902, p. 316
7. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874