United Maria Anna Steinbank colliery
| United Maria Anna Steinbank colliery | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 View of the colliery in 1871 |
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| Funding / year | up to approx. 290,000 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Operating company | until approx. 1300 | ||
| Start of operation | 1850 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 27 '28.3 " N , 7 ° 9' 39.4" E | ||
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| Location | Wattenscheid-Höntrop | ||
| local community | Bochum | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | Bochum | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The United Maria Anna Steinbank colliery was a hard coal mine in the Höntrop district of Bochum's Wattenscheid district .
The first award of a field dates back to 1732. During the civil engineering phase, it had a total of eight shafts and was in operation until 1904. A coking plant was also operated from 1878 to 1904 at Shaft 4 on Emilstrasse . The colliery, also known as "Marianne", was the first colliery that the Bochum Association acquired to secure its coal base and sold in 1904 to the Stinnes company.
The colliery achieved the highest production in 1903 with 289,680 tons and 1,321 employees. In 1854 the Mariannenbahn was built by the colliery to transport coal with a connection to the Prinz-Wilhelm-Eisenbahn , but after a new connection to the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn it was shut down again in the 1860s.
Shaft systems
The underground construction on the colliery began in 1850. At Eichsweg and Am Spelbergs Busch , two tonnage shafts were driven into the mountain. In shaft 1, production began in 1852 and ended in 1871. Shaft 2 was put into operation in 1854, and in 1878 it was closed and filled .
Shaft 3 on the Reiterweg
In 1858, shaft 3 was built north of the Reiterweg in Wattenscheid- Höntrop saiger . At a depth of 10 meters this shaft reached the Carboniferous . Mining began in 1860; From 1869 the coal was transported to today's S-Bahn line of the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , in 1876 a direct connection to the Bochumer Verein was added (which from 1925 again as part of the connecting line to the Weitmar / Rombacher Hütte plant was used). Parts of this connecting line (e.g. the bridge under the S-Bahn line) are still visible today.
Shaft 4 on Emilstrasse
Shaft 4, on today's Emilstrasse, was driven into the mountain about 900 meters east of the Höntrop saiger train station from 1871 and was crowned by a pyramid-shaped scaffolding, which is to be regarded as the forerunner of the later "real" winding towers - the associated winding machine was on top placed on the tower instead of sideways on the ground as was customary back then. A coking plant was operated on shaft 4 between 1878 and 1904. Coal and coke were transported both via a direct connection to the Bochumer Verein, built in 1875, and via the Bergisch-Märkische Bahn, which is located directly on the colliery site. There was also an approx. 2.5 km long cable car that carried the coal from the Hasenwinkel colliery , which also belonged to the Bochumer Verein, to the coking plant or to the rail connection.
Both shafts were closed in 1904 and filled two years later . This led to a serious accident: During the demolition work on shaft 4, the headframe (which was heavily top-heavy due to the machine installed above) fell down into the shaft pit, where it wedged at a depth of 40 meters. This prevented a further filling of the deeper pit structures , but helped all the better to seal off and fill the upper sections of the shaft.
The area after the end of operations
During the Second World War, there was a forced labor camp of the Bochum Association on the dump area of Shaft 4 on today's Emilstrasse . In the post-war period, the buildings of the camp and the houses built in the 1960s were used as so-called simple apartments. After its demolition, the square served for some time as a container garbage collection point for the Bochum vehicle fleet for Bochum citizens.
More shafts
In addition to these extraction shafts, the United Maria Anna Steinbank colliery operated three weather shafts:
- The Übelgünne shaft was sunk in 1885 and was in operation from 1886. In 1899 this shaft came to the United Castel Sant'Angelo colliery .
- The free field weather shaft was sunk in 1897 and closed in 1904.
- Another weather shaft was sunk in field Schwarze Junge in 1894 and was in operation from 1895 to 1904.
Relics
The colliery site itself is now mostly in a park, the machine house of shaft 3 (Eppendorf) of the colliery is part of a riding stables and the former waste dump is used as a fitness trail.
In 2000, the colliery once again received greater attention. From January 2, 2000, a break in daylight , the so-called Höntroper Loch in Emilstrasse , which was followed by a second one due to cavities in the colliery, caused a lot of media coverage. Two garages, among other things, disappeared in the two approximately 15 m deep holes.
literature
- Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005. 3rd, revised and expanded edition. German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- Walter Gantenberg, Rolf Köhling, Wilhelm Spieker: Coal and steel determined their lives. Mining in the south of Wattenscheid. A contribution to the early industrial development of the Ruhr area. (= Series of publications on the history of Wattenscheider. 29). Publisher: Heimat- und Bürgererverein Wattenscheid eV Klartext Verlag Essen, 2000, ISBN 3-88474-281-7 .
- Fritz Claes: The Bochumer Verein and Marianne, his first colliery. Self-published by Prof. Dr.-Ing. Fritz Claes, Bochum 1996, ISBN 3-00-000931-0 .
Web links
- Website of the mining hiking trail from the Wattenscheider Heimat- und Bürgererverein
- Report on the diary