Zehmen (place)

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Zehmen was a village with a manor south of Leipzig in the Pleißenaue . Until the end of the 16th century the estate was owned by the Saxon noble family von Zehmen , whose ancestral seat it is considered to be. In 1957, Zehmen had to give way to lignite mining and was dredged over by the Espenhain open-cast mine . The area has meanwhile been recultivated and now forms the east side of the Stöhna retention basin .

Drawing on a map from 1907

location

Zehmen was about 12 km south of Leipzig on the east side of the Pleißenaue, which was characterized by numerous river branches and meanders between meadows and small forests due to the low river gradient and thus had a park-like character.

The neighboring towns of Zehmen were clockwise, starting from the north, Cröbern , Magdeborn , Rüben , Stöhna and Großdeuben with Probstdeuben.

traffic

The medieval trade route Via Imperii ran along the eastern edge of the Pleißenaue and touched Zehmen. Later, the Poststrasse Leipzig – Altenburg used the same route. With the relocation to the flood-safe route via Magdeborn (later F 95 ), Zehmen lost the connection to the trunk road network. The Saxon-Bavarian Railway ran west of the Pleisse, so that for Zehmen the closest train station was Großdeuben, which, however, could not be reached by the shortest route due to the lack of Pleice bridges.

history

The church of Zehmen around 1840
The manor house of the Zehmen manor around 1860

Zehmen was first mentioned in 1206 as the manor house of a Fricericus de Cemin. This gave the associated village its name, which has only changed slightly since then: 1279 - Zemin, 1322 - Ztemim, 1350 - Zcemin, 1378 - Czemen, and from around 1750 Zehmen.

The manor remained in the possession of the von Zehmen family until 1596 . The following owners were called Rothhaupt (until 1658), Meyer, von Trützschler (until 1737), Bollmann, Mauru (1756–1770), Leplay (1770–1779), Schmiedel and Volckmar. In 1945 the property was expropriated in the course of the land reform and new farmer positions were set up with the associated land.

The church was built in its last form in 1620 but was not completed by a tower until 1747. Zehmen formed a parish with the neighboring municipality of Rüben , whereby the Rübener Kirche was a branch church . Common church school teachers from Zehmen and Rüben have been named since the beginning of the 17th century.

The development of the population of Zehmen was as follows:

year 1834 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1957
Residents 270 352 376 408 443 500 506 554 580

Until 1856, Zehmen was part of the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon District Office in Leipzig . From 1856 the place belonged to the Rötha court office and from 1875 to the Leipzig district administration . In 1952 the place was assigned to the Borna district in the Leipzig district. Due to the advancing lignite mining, the residents of Zehmen were resettled from 1957, the place was then devastated and the area was dredged over by the Espenhain open-cast lignite mine. The Pleiße was relocated and straightened. After the site has been recultivated, the former center of Zehmen is located on the eastern bank of the Stöhna retention basin.

On September 2, 1964, the municipality of Zehmen was incorporated into what was then the municipality of Großdeuben. With this it has belonged to Böhlen since 1997 .

Attractions

Part of the wallpaper from the Zehmen manor in the Museum of Applied Arts Leipzig

Although the place no longer exists, sights have been preserved.

  • After the Second World War, valuable wallpaper, painted on canvas in the Chinese style, was taken over to the Museum of Applied Arts Leipzig (Grassi Museum) . After careful restoration, it has adorned an entire room since the museum reopened in 2007 and is a highlight of the permanent exhibition “Antiquity to Historicism”.
  • The altar from the Zehmen church was brought to Großdeuben before it was demolished. It is in the Luther room of the Katharinenkirche in Großdeuben . The Gothic winged altar dates from around 1481/95 and shows the figures of Saint Nicholas , Maria with the child and Anna Selbdritt in the central shrine . The altar wings are lost. An association is trying to restore the altar in need of overhaul.

literature

  • Take . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 13th volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1826, p. 426 f.
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Tame. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 16. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig (Leipzig Land) . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1894, p. 139.
  • GA Poenicke (Ed.): Album of the manors and castles in the Kingdom of Saxony based on nature, newly recorded by F. Heise, Architect. I. Section: Leipziger Kreis. Leipzig 1860, Rittergut Zehmen, pp. 110–111 (digitized)
  • Saxony's church gallery. Volume: Inspections Leipzig and Grimma. Hermann Schmidt, Dresden 1837–1845
  • Eckhart Leisering: Acta sunt hec Dresdene - the first mention of Dresden in the document dated March 31, 1206 , Saxon State Archives, Mitteldeutscher Verlag (mdv), Halle / Saale and Dresden 2005, pages 96, ISBN 978-3-89812-320-4 . First mention of the place Zehmen and of Fridericus de Cemin p. 5/13/87/88
  • Axel wing: bourgeoisie, bourgeois manors, social change and political reform in Saxony (1680-1844) , Verlag Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Volume 16., Göttingen 2000, ISBN 3-525-35681-1 , p. 136/152/160 explanations and information about the Zehmen manor.
  • Henriette Krahnstöver: Between Rüben and Güldengossa, from the memoirs of the castle gardener Reinhold Hofmann in the Leipzig area , Verlag Pro Leipzig, 2012, ISBN 978-3-936508-78-9 , pp. 86-88. The Zehmen manor and the Volckmar family.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry on Schlossarchiv.de
  2. ↑ Saxony's Church Gallery. Volume: Inspections Leipzig and Grimma. Hermann Schmidt, Dresden 1837–1845, p. 85.
  3. ↑ a b Zehmen in the digital historical place directory of Saxony
  4. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
  5. ↑ The Amtshauptmannschaft Leipzig in the municipal register 1900
  6. ↑ Leipziger Volkszeitung of July 2, 2012, page 19

Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 50 ″  N , 12 ° 24 ′ 25 ″  E