Rillo de Gallo: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 40°52′2″N 1°56′10″W / 40.86722°N 1.93611°W / 40.86722; -1.93611
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Rillo de Gallo, Spain
| official_name = Rillo de Gallo, Spain
| nickname =
| nickname =
| image_flag =
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| image_seal = Escudo de Rillo de Gallo.svg
| image_skyline=ElCaprichoRillano.jpg
| image_skyline=ElCaprichoRillano.jpg
| image_map =
| image_map =
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| pushpin_map = Spain Province of Guadalajara#Spain Castilla-La Mancha#Spain
| pushpin_map = Spain Province of Guadalajara#Spain Castilla-La Mancha#Spain
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Spain}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Castile-La Mancha]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Castile-La Mancha]]
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== Symbols ==
== Symbols ==
The heraldic shield of the municipality of Rillo de Gallo was approved by Decree 138/87 of the Community of Castilla-La Mancha on the 27th of October. Half-split and cut shield. First, from azur the [[Golden Rooster Awards|golden rooster]]. Second, silver the tree, elm of sinople. Third, of Azur ax of silver. At the buzzer, the royal crown closed.
The heraldic shield of Rillo de Gallo was approved by Decree 138/87 of the Community of Castilla-La Mancha on the 27th of October. The shield is split into three parts. The first of three main symbols is a golden rooster is on an azure background on the top left of the shield. A simple elm tree is displayed on the top right with a greyish background. A silver axe is the third of the three symbols, shown at the bottom with an azure background.


== Geography ==
== Geography ==


The town of Rillo de Gallo is located at an altitude of 1,055 meters above sea level with the maximum altitude located at [[Loma de Matillas]] (1,404 meters).
The town of Rillo de Gallo is located at an altitude of 1,055 meters above sea level, with its highest altitude located at [[Loma de Matillas]] (1,404 meters).


The municipality of Rillo de Gallo borders on the north with [[Pardos, Guadalajara|Pardos]] and [[Torrubia]], on the south with [[Corduente]], on the east with [[Rueda de la Sierra]] and [[Molina de Aragón|Molina de Aragón,]] and to the west with [[Herrería]].
The municipality of Rillo de Gallo is bordered on the north by [[Pardos, Guadalajara|Pardos]] and [[Torrubia]], on the south by [[Corduente]], on the east by [[Rueda de la Sierra]] and [[Molina de Aragón]], and on the west by [[Herrería]].
The [[Gallo river]], which gives the town its name, passes far from the urban area, although it irrigates its lands. The fluvial courses that pass through the urban helmet are the [[Viejo river]], the [[Herrería river]], or of the Viejo and the [[Arroyo Seco River (Monterey County)|Arroyo Seco River]].
The [[Gallo river]], which gives the town its name, is far from the urban area, although it irrigates its lands. The [[Viejo River]], the [[Herrería River]], and the [[Arroyo Seco River (Monterey County)|Arroyo Seco River]] pass through the area.


== Geology ==
== Geology ==
In the region of Rillo de Gallo, there are important [[geological]] and [[geomorphological]] riches that have led to its proposal as a [[Geosite]] of international interest. On one hand, a [[Permian]] "[[Petrified forest|fossil forest]]" with many specimens in life position and associated [[lacustrine]] [[Volcaniclastics|volcaniclastic]] rocks. [[File: Árbol petrificado.jpg | thumb|Petrified tree trunk that surfaced at the time of the [[reforestation]] of the pine forest]] Numerous geologic formations containing Permian and Triassic [[fossils]] from Western Europe are important for their well-preserved Middle [[Triassic]] [[macroflora]], pollen, marine vertebrate ichnites, and fauna content. In addtion, it was also established the only continuous [[stratigraphic]] column in the [[Iberian Peninsula]] for the Permian and Triassic. There are [[detrital]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=|url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Detritic}}</ref> formations from the Lower Triassic and the Middle Triassic resulting from a large fluvial system of low [[sinuosity]] and the transport of sediments, gravels, or sands from this period<ref>'' [http://docm.jccm.es/portaldocm/verDiarioAntiguo.do?ruta=2004/08/24 Resolution of July 29, 2004, from the Dirección General de Calidad Ambiental, on the declaration of environmental impact of the project called Parque Eólico Matillas y su Línea Eléctrica de Evacuación] ''. (DOCM No. 154, of 24 August 2004, page 13844).</ref>.
In the region of Rillo de Gallo, there are important [[geological]] and [[geomorphological]] riches that have led to a proposal to make it a [[geosite]] of international interest. [[File:Árbol petrificado.jpg|thumb|Petrified tree trunk that surfaced at the time of the [[reforestation]] of the pine forest]] Numerous geologic formations containing Permian and [[Triassic]] [[fossils]] from Western Europe are notable for their well-preserved Middle Triassic [[macroflora]], pollen, marine vertebrate ichnites, and fauna content. In addition, it was also established that the region contains the only continuous [[stratigraphic]] column in the [[Iberian Peninsula]] from the Permian and Triassic periods. There are [[detrital]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Definition of Detritic|url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Detritic}}</ref> formations from the Lower Triassic and Middle Triassic periods resulting from a large [[Fluvial processes|fluvial]] system of low [[sinuosity]] and the transport of sediments, gravels, or sands.<ref>'' [http://docm.jccm.es/portaldocm/verDiarioAntiguo.do?ruta=2004/08/24 Resolution of July 29, 2004, from the Dirección General de Calidad Ambiental, on the declaration of environmental impact of the project called Parque Eólico Matillas y su Línea Eléctrica de Evacuación] ''. (DOCM No. 154, of 24 August 2004, page 13844).</ref>


The road from Rillo de Gallo to Pardos, along the ravine of the Hoz del Río Gallo (Corduente), is suggested as a “Global Geosite” (Spanish Place of Geological Interest of International Importance) by the [[Instituto Geológico y Minero de España]]<nowiki/>for its stratigraphic interest, with the denomination "MZ003: The Permian and Triassic of the Señorío de Molina" within the group of geological contexts «El '' rifting '' of Pangea and the Mesozoic successions of the Bética and Iberian mountain ranges'.<ref>{{Cite web|author=Instituto Geológico y Minero de España|author-link=Instituto Geológico y Minero de España|year=2011|title=Spanish geological interest sites of international relevance (Geosites)|url=http://www.igme.es/patrimonio/Listado%20Geosites%20enero2011.pdf|access-date=23 November 2014}}</ref>
The road from Rillo de Gallo to Pardos, along the ravine of the Hoz del Río Gallo (Corduente), is suggested as a “Global Geosite” (Spanish Place of Geological Interest of International Importance) by the [[Instituto Geológico y Minero de España]] for its stratigraphic interest, with the denomination "MZ003: The Permian and Triassic of the Señorío de Molina" within the group of geological contexts "El '' rifting '' of Pangea and the Mesozoic successions of the Bética and Iberian mountain ranges".<ref>{{Cite web|author=Instituto Geológico y Minero de España|author-link=Instituto Geológico y Minero de España|year=2011|title=Spanish geological interest sites of international relevance (Geosites)|url=http://www.igme.es/patrimonio/Listado%20Geosites%20enero2011.pdf|access-date=23 November 2014}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
Ancient historians say the capital, Molina, was founded by the Romans, and built next to the village of Rillo de Gallo, receiving the name of Manlia under which it appears in old [[Chronica latina regum Castellae|Latin chronicles]]. In reality, the city of Manlia was at the head of a large Celtiberian territory for centuries before the confederation of [[Numantia]]. Also, the famous city of [[Ercavica|Ercávica]] has been placed in the territory of Molina, and identify it with its capital. Even the Celtiberian and then Romanized Lacóbriga have said that it was where today Labros, for the reasons given by the Golden Age chroniclers are, evidently, weak and unfounded.
Ancient historians say the capital Molina, termed "Manlia" in old [[Chronica latina regum Castellae|Latin chronicles]], was founded by the Romans and built next to the village of Rillo de Gallo. In reality, the city of Manlia was at the head of a large Celtiberian territory for centuries before the confederation of [[Numantia]].{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}


Molina la Vieja is one of the uninhabited areas of the municipality of Rillo de Gallo,<ref name="El paso del Cid por Molina la Vieja">{{cite web|last1= Vázquez Hombrados, Ciríaco |title="El paso del Cid por Molina la Vieja"| url= http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com/foto/prensa/ElCid.pdf|work= Nueva Alcarria, 17 julio 2020. |language=es| access-date = 19 January 2022}}</ref> of which there are still remains distributed throughout the area that bears its name. Vestiges of walls and rocks can be seen around this corner of the town. It is located one kilometer northeast of the town center and about 5 km northwest of present-day Molina de Aragón. The passage of the Cid (1048- 1099) through Molina always had to be through Molina la Vieja, populated by the Moors of Abengalbón, because the foundation of the current Molina was carried out by the Christian kings later (Fuero de Molina is published in 1154). Francisco Núñez (1609) says that the foundations of many buildings and the ruins of his Castle can be seen there, which was well-rendered and founded on a cut rock. They say that the Moors who owned it left many treasures there when they were forced to abandon it. It is also said, among the Moors, that there are books indicating how and where to find these treasures. The repeated mention of Molina in the Cantar de mío Cid –up to ten times– is significant enough not to consider it just a poetic resource devised by the author of the Poema.
Molina la Vieja is a previously inhabited area in the municipality of Rillo de Gallo.<ref name="El paso del Cid por Molina la Vieja">{{cite web|last1= Vázquez Hombrados, Ciríaco |title="El paso del Cid por Molina la Vieja"| url= http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com/foto/prensa/ElCid.pdf|work= Nueva Alcarria, 17 julio 2020. |language=es| access-date = 19 January 2022}}</ref> There are still remains distributed throughout the area that bear its name; vestiges of walls and rocks can be seen around this corner of the town. It is located one kilometer northeast of the town center and about 5&nbsp;km northwest of present-day Molina de Aragón. The passage of the Cid (1048–1099) through Molina had to be through Molina la Vieja, populated by the Moors of Abengalbón, because the foundation of the current Molina was built by Christian kings later (Fuero de Molina was published in 1154). Francisco Núñez (1609) said that the foundations of many buildings and the ruins of his castle can be seen in Molina la Vieja, which was well-rendered and founded on a cut rock.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}} It is said that the Moors who owned it left many treasures there when they were forced to abandon it. It is also said, among the Moors, that there are books indicating how and where to find these treasures. The repeated mention of Molina in the Cantar de mío Cid –up to ten times– is significant enough to consider it more than just a poetic resource devised by the author of the Poema.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}


Rillo de Gallo was the first place in Spain where a [[dinosaur]] footprint was found. The discovery took place in the year 1896 when a local resident found "the stone foot of a ''bug'', which the scholars of the time described as" a petrified leg of a corpulent animal "and that they identified with that of a '' [[Chirotherium]] ''.<ref>[http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/Libro.php?Libro=1173 Minutes of the Spanish Society of Natural History] (1897), pages 27 to 29.</ref> The specimen is found in the [[Vertebrate]] and [[Prehistory]] [[Paleontology]] Collection of the National Museum of [[Natural science|Natural Sciences]]. A sample of the evidence of the existence of reptiles in the fossil record is the traces of the Triassic, found in the [[Museo Geominero]] in Madrid. [[File:Dinosauriob2.jpg|thumb|Primera huella de dinosaurio encontrada en España, en Rillo de Gallo 1896. Colección de Paleontología de Vertebrados y de Prehistoria, MNCN]]
Rillo de Gallo was the first place in Spain where a [[dinosaur]] footprint was found. The discovery took place in the year 1896 when a local resident found "the stone foot of a ''bug''". The scholars of the time described it as "a petrified leg of a corpulent animal" and identified it as that of a ''[[Chirotherium]]''.<ref>[http://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/spa/Libro.php?Libro=1173 Minutes of the Spanish Society of Natural History] (1897), pages 27 to 29.</ref> The specimen can be found in the [[Vertebrate]] and [[Prehistory]] [[Paleontology]] Collection of the National Museum of [[Natural science|Natural Sciences]]. A sample of the evidence of the existence of reptiles in the fossil record is the traces of the Triassic found in the [[Museo Geominero]] in Madrid. [[File:Dinosauriob2.jpg|thumb|First dinosaur footprint found in Spain, in Rillo de Gallo 1896. Vertebrate and Prehistoric Paleontology Collection, MNCN]] If you wish to know more about this, some studies have analyzed this in greater depth.<ref name="Rillo de Gallo: cómo se vacía un pueblo, pero no se abandona">Rillo de Gallo: cómo se vacía un pueblo, pero no se abandona. Vázquez Hombrados, Ciríaco, 2021</ref>


== Heritage ==
== Heritage ==
* The parochial church is a small building with [[espadaña]] to the west and a simple semicircular door to the south, that remembers its medieval origins.
* The parochial church is a small building with [[espadaña]] to the west and a simple semicircular door to the south reminiscent of its medieval origins.
* The house of the marquises of [[Embid]], of severe traditional lines, with a magnificent baroque shield over the door; and in the center of the square the fountain is dedicated as a monument to Calixto Rodríguez.
* The house of the marquises of [[Embid]] have traditional lines, with a magnificent baroque shield over the door. The fountain in the center of the square is dedicated as a monument to Calixto Rodríguez.
* The [[Capricho Rillano]] built by Juan Antonio Martínez on the edge of the road [[N-211]] km 54, it is a [[modernist]] building that follows a model [[Antoni Gaudí|gaudiano]]. The house, built in stone, includes elements in [[forge]] and [[trencadís]] reminiscent of the work of the Catalan master. Perhaps its most prominent element is the [[Snake|serpent]] that falls from the roof over the entire height of the building, in reference to the legend collected in the 17th century by the Licentiate [[Francisco Núñez]], and that includes the existence of a gigantic snake in the nearby dehesa of Villacabras, as tall as a man, who would have been sighted several times.
* The [[Capricho Rillano]] built by Juan Antonio Martínez on the edge of the road [[N-211]] km 54 is a [[modernist]] building that follows a [[Antoni Gaudí|gaudiano]] model. The house, built of stone, includes elements from the [[forge]] and [[trencadís]] reminiscent of the work of the [[Catalans|Catalan]] master. Perhaps its most prominent element is the [[Snake|serpent]] that falls from the roof over the entire height of the building, in reference to the legend collected in the 17th century by the Licentiate Francisco Núñez. The legend includes a gigantic snake as tall as a man in the nearby dehesa of Villacabras.
* El Abrigo del Llano (Rillo I and Rillo II) are two remains of cave paintings declared World Heritage by UNESCO in 1998 within the [[rock art of the Mediterranean arch of the Iberian peninsula]] (the only two in the province of Guadalajara) and [[Annex: Goods of cultural interest of the province of Guadalajara#R|Property of Cultural Interest]] since 17 February 1997.
* El Abrigo del Llano (Rillo I and Rillo II) are two remains of cave paintings declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO in 1998 within the [[rock art of the Mediterranean arch of the Iberian peninsula]] and the [[Annex: Goods of cultural interest of the province of Guadalajara#R|Property of Cultural Interest]] since 17 February 1997. They are the only two such paintings in the province of Guadalajara.{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}


== Folklore and customs ==
== Folklore and customs ==
Historically the festivals were not celebrated in the month of August. The Party, because they were not parties, were celebrated on September 8 ([[Nativity of Mary|Nativity of the Virgin Mary)]], on the 9th the Fiestecilla and on the 10th the Abuela.
A celebration occurred on September 8, 9, and 10th, celebrating the [[Nativity of Mary|Nativity of the Virgin Mary]], the Fiestecilla, and the Abuela respectively. Historically, the festivals were not celebrated in the month of August.


== Gastronomy ==
== Gastronomy ==
The municipality is known for its [[delicacies]] such as sausages, among which [[blood sausages]] and [[chorizo]] ​​stand out.
The municipality is known for its [[delicacies]] such as sausages, especially [[blood sausages]] and [[chorizo]].


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com/englishversion.htm Rillo de Gallo]{{in lang|en}}
* [http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com/englishversion.htm Rillo de Gallo]{{in lang|en}}
* [http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com Rillo de Gallo]{{in lang|es}}
* [http://www.rillo-de-gallo.com Rillo de Gallo]{{in lang|es}}


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{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category: Municipalities in the Province of Guadalajara]]
[[Category:Municipalities in the Province of Guadalajara]]

Latest revision as of 09:05, 15 February 2023

Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Official seal of Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain is located in Province of Guadalajara
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain is located in Castilla-La Mancha
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain is located in Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Rillo de Gallo, Spain
Coordinates: 40°52′2″N 1°56′10″W / 40.86722°N 1.93611°W / 40.86722; -1.93611
Country Spain
Autonomous communityCastile-La Mancha
ProvinceGuadalajara
MunicipalityRillo de Gallo
Area
 • Total25 km2 (10 sq mi)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total44
 • Density1.8/km2 (4.6/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

Rillo de Gallo is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 74 inhabitants.

Symbols[edit]

The heraldic shield of Rillo de Gallo was approved by Decree 138/87 of the Community of Castilla-La Mancha on the 27th of October. The shield is split into three parts. The first of three main symbols is a golden rooster is on an azure background on the top left of the shield. A simple elm tree is displayed on the top right with a greyish background. A silver axe is the third of the three symbols, shown at the bottom with an azure background.

Geography[edit]

The town of Rillo de Gallo is located at an altitude of 1,055 meters above sea level, with its highest altitude located at Loma de Matillas (1,404 meters).

The municipality of Rillo de Gallo is bordered on the north by Pardos and Torrubia, on the south by Corduente, on the east by Rueda de la Sierra and Molina de Aragón, and on the west by Herrería.

The Gallo river, which gives the town its name, is far from the urban area, although it irrigates its lands. The Viejo River, the Herrería River, and the Arroyo Seco River pass through the area.

Geology[edit]

In the region of Rillo de Gallo, there are important geological and geomorphological riches that have led to a proposal to make it a geosite of international interest.

Petrified tree trunk that surfaced at the time of the reforestation of the pine forest

Numerous geologic formations containing Permian and Triassic fossils from Western Europe are notable for their well-preserved Middle Triassic macroflora, pollen, marine vertebrate ichnites, and fauna content. In addition, it was also established that the region contains the only continuous stratigraphic column in the Iberian Peninsula from the Permian and Triassic periods. There are detrital[2] formations from the Lower Triassic and Middle Triassic periods resulting from a large fluvial system of low sinuosity and the transport of sediments, gravels, or sands.[3]

The road from Rillo de Gallo to Pardos, along the ravine of the Hoz del Río Gallo (Corduente), is suggested as a “Global Geosite” (Spanish Place of Geological Interest of International Importance) by the Instituto Geológico y Minero de España for its stratigraphic interest, with the denomination "MZ003: The Permian and Triassic of the Señorío de Molina" within the group of geological contexts "El rifting of Pangea and the Mesozoic successions of the Bética and Iberian mountain ranges".[4]

History[edit]

Ancient historians say the capital Molina, termed "Manlia" in old Latin chronicles, was founded by the Romans and built next to the village of Rillo de Gallo. In reality, the city of Manlia was at the head of a large Celtiberian territory for centuries before the confederation of Numantia.[citation needed]

Molina la Vieja is a previously inhabited area in the municipality of Rillo de Gallo.[5] There are still remains distributed throughout the area that bear its name; vestiges of walls and rocks can be seen around this corner of the town. It is located one kilometer northeast of the town center and about 5 km northwest of present-day Molina de Aragón. The passage of the Cid (1048–1099) through Molina had to be through Molina la Vieja, populated by the Moors of Abengalbón, because the foundation of the current Molina was built by Christian kings later (Fuero de Molina was published in 1154). Francisco Núñez (1609) said that the foundations of many buildings and the ruins of his castle can be seen in Molina la Vieja, which was well-rendered and founded on a cut rock.[citation needed] It is said that the Moors who owned it left many treasures there when they were forced to abandon it. It is also said, among the Moors, that there are books indicating how and where to find these treasures. The repeated mention of Molina in the Cantar de mío Cid –up to ten times– is significant enough to consider it more than just a poetic resource devised by the author of the Poema.[citation needed]

Rillo de Gallo was the first place in Spain where a dinosaur footprint was found. The discovery took place in the year 1896 when a local resident found "the stone foot of a bug". The scholars of the time described it as "a petrified leg of a corpulent animal" and identified it as that of a Chirotherium.[6] The specimen can be found in the Vertebrate and Prehistory Paleontology Collection of the National Museum of Natural Sciences. A sample of the evidence of the existence of reptiles in the fossil record is the traces of the Triassic found in the Museo Geominero in Madrid.

First dinosaur footprint found in Spain, in Rillo de Gallo 1896. Vertebrate and Prehistoric Paleontology Collection, MNCN

If you wish to know more about this, some studies have analyzed this in greater depth.[7]

Heritage[edit]

  • The parochial church is a small building with espadaña to the west and a simple semicircular door to the south reminiscent of its medieval origins.
  • The house of the marquises of Embid have traditional lines, with a magnificent baroque shield over the door. The fountain in the center of the square is dedicated as a monument to Calixto Rodríguez.
  • The Capricho Rillano built by Juan Antonio Martínez on the edge of the road N-211 km 54 is a modernist building that follows a gaudiano model. The house, built of stone, includes elements from the forge and trencadís reminiscent of the work of the Catalan master. Perhaps its most prominent element is the serpent that falls from the roof over the entire height of the building, in reference to the legend collected in the 17th century by the Licentiate Francisco Núñez. The legend includes a gigantic snake as tall as a man in the nearby dehesa of Villacabras.
  • El Abrigo del Llano (Rillo I and Rillo II) are two remains of cave paintings declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO in 1998 within the rock art of the Mediterranean arch of the Iberian peninsula and the Property of Cultural Interest since 17 February 1997. They are the only two such paintings in the province of Guadalajara.[citation needed]

Folklore and customs[edit]

A celebration occurred on September 8, 9, and 10th, celebrating the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, the Fiestecilla, and the Abuela respectively. Historically, the festivals were not celebrated in the month of August.

Gastronomy[edit]

The municipality is known for its delicacies such as sausages, especially blood sausages and chorizo.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ^ "Definition of Detritic".
  3. ^ Resolution of July 29, 2004, from the Dirección General de Calidad Ambiental, on the declaration of environmental impact of the project called Parque Eólico Matillas y su Línea Eléctrica de Evacuación . (DOCM No. 154, of 24 August 2004, page 13844).
  4. ^ Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (2011). "Spanish geological interest sites of international relevance (Geosites)" (PDF). Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  5. ^ Vázquez Hombrados, Ciríaco. ""El paso del Cid por Molina la Vieja"" (PDF). Nueva Alcarria, 17 julio 2020. (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  6. ^ Minutes of the Spanish Society of Natural History (1897), pages 27 to 29.
  7. ^ Rillo de Gallo: cómo se vacía un pueblo, pero no se abandona. Vázquez Hombrados, Ciríaco, 2021

External links[edit]