Jadraque

Jadraque municipality
Jadraque - Castillo
coat of arms	Map of Spain
Basic data
Autonomous Community :	Castile-La Mancha
Province :	Guadalajara
Comarca :	La Alcarria
Coordinates	40 ° 56 ′  N , 2 ° 55 ′  W Coordinates: 40 ° 56 ′  N , 2 ° 55 ′  W
Height :	830  msnm
Area :	38.91 km²
Residents :	1,413 (Jan 1, 2019)
Population density :	36.31 inhabitants / km²
Postal code :	19240
Municipality number  ( INE ):	19156
administration
Website :	Jadraque

Jadraque is a place and a municipality ( municipio ) with 1,413 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2019) in the north of the province of Guadalajara in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha . The Catholic parish belongs to the diocese of Sigüenza-Guadalajara . Jadraque Castle is on the Camino del Cid ; the municipality belongs to the poorly populated Serranía Celtibérica .

Location and climate

The place Jadraque is approx. 50 m above and approx. 1 km from the valley of the Río Henares at a height of approx. 830  m in the north of the cultural landscape of the Alcarria . The distance to the southwestern provincial capital Guadalajara is approx. 48 km (driving distance). The lovely town of Atienza is about 38 km north. The climate is temperate to warm; Rain (approx. 440 mm / year) falls over the year.

Population development

year	1857	1900	1950	2000	2019
Residents	1,645	1,595	1,947	1,274	1,413

Despite the mechanization of agriculture and the abandonment of small farms and the resulting loss of jobs, the population of the municipality has remained largely stable. The hamlet (pedanía) Castilblanco de Henares , located about 5.5 km to the north, also belongs to the municipality .

economy

For centuries the community lived exclusively from growing grain ( barley and wheat ), which was mainly operated for self-sufficiency ; livestock farming (sheep, goats, chickens) also took place to a small extent. The place Jadraque served as a mercantile, artisanal and cultural center for the hamlets and farmsteads in its area, which have now mostly disappeared. Today agriculture still plays the most important role, but there is also income from tourism (rental of holiday homes, etc.).

history

Celtic , Roman or Visigoth traces have not yet been discovered; Arab-Moorish armies conquered the country in the 8th and 9th centuries . The place name Xaradraq is probably of Arabic origin and means something like "green land". After that started in the 10th century and in the second half of the 11th century under Alfonso VI. When the reconquest ( reconquista ) of New Castile was completed , which culminated in the capture of the city of Toledo 180 km further south-west in 1085, the area was repopulated ( repoblación ) with Christians from the north . In 1469, Don Pedro González de Mendoza , the bishop of Sigüenza , acquired the area and expanded the castle.

Zurbarán - Christ lifts his robe after the flagellation (1661)

Attractions

• The place is dominated by the castle, also known as Castillo del Cid , which was built as a small fortress during the time of the caliphate , but in its current state dates back to the late 15th century when the Bishop and later Cardinal of Sigüenza , Pedro González de Mendoza († 1495), who was also Grand Chancellor of the Catholic Kings , became the landlord (señor) of the region.
• The Iglesia de San Juan Bautista is dedicated to John the Baptist and was built in the 17th century instead of a Romanesque predecessor. The main altar and organ were destroyed in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), but then partially restored and supplemented. The interior contains a painting by Francisco de Zurbarán from 1661 with the most unusual depiction of Christ lifting his robe after the flagellation .
• The town hall square offers a pretty ensemble of urban buildings. This is also where the Casona de las Ursulinas is located , where Francisco de Goya († 1828) and Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos († 1811) temporarily found shelter during the French occupation of Spain in 1808/09.

Surroundings

• The small town of Pinilla de Jadraque with its beautiful Romanesque church is just 13 km north .

literature

• José María Bris Gallego: El libro de Jadraque. AACHE 2010, ISBN 978-84-92886-17-3 .
• Andrés Pérez Arribas: Historia de Jadraque y su Tierra. AACHE 1999, ISBN 84-95179-08-3 .

Web links

Commons : Jadraque  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Jadraque and surroundings - photos + information (arteguias, spanish)
• Jadraque, tourism site - photos + information (Spanish)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero . Population statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística (population update).
2. ^ Jadraque - Camino del Cid
3. ↑ Jadraque - climate tables
4. ↑ Jadraque - population development
5. ^ Jadraque - Castillo
6. ^ Jadraque - Castillo
7. ↑ Jadraque Church
8. ↑ Jadraque Church