Flaveria

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Yellowtops
Flaveria trinervia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Asterales
Family:
Asteraceae
Tribe:
Tageteae[1]
Genus:
Flaveria

Juss. 1789 not J.F.Gmel. 1792[2]
Synonyms[1]
  • Dilepis Suess. & Merxm.
  • Vermifuga Ruiz & Pav.
  • Nauenburgia Willd.
  • Brotera Spreng. 1801 illegitimate homonym not Cav. 1799 (Malvaceae)

Flaveria is a genus of plants in the marigold family.[3][4] They are sometimes called yellowtops. Some are annual or perennial herbs and some are shrubs. They bear yellow flowers in heads, with zero, one, or two ray florets in each head.[5] These plants are found in the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Australia.[5][6]

While some members of this genus use the more commen C3 carbon fixation pathway, others are C4 plants, and some are intermediate. With closely related species exhibiting different forms of metabolism, Flaveria has been a model genus for studies on the evolution of photosynthesis.[7][8][9] A monograph by A.M. Powell from 1978[10] is the most comprehensive study of morphology and biogeography for the Flaveria species to date. Molecular phylogenetic studies have clarified many of the evolutionary relationships between Flaveria species.[7][9]

Species[1][11][12]
  1. Flaveria angustifolia - Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla, Guerrero); C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  2. Flaveria anomala - Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Nuevo León, Durango, Zacatecas)
  3. Flaveria australasica - speedyweed - Australia; C4[9]
  4. Flaveria bidentis - coastal plain yellowtops - South America, Galápagos, West Indies, United States (Florida Georgia Alabama); C4[9]
  5. Flaveria brownii - Brown's yellowtops - southern Texas; C4-like[9]
  6. Flaveria campestris - alkali yellowtops - USA (Arizona New Mexico Texas Utah Colorado Kansas Missouri Indiana)
  7. Flaveria chlorifolia - clasping yellowtops - Mexico (Chihuahua), New Mexico Texas; C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  8. Flaveria cronquistii - Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
  9. Flaveria floridana - Florida yellowtops - Florida; C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  10. Flaveria haumanii - Chile, Argentina
  11. Flaveria intermedia - Mexico (Durango)
  12. Flaveria kochiana - Mexico (Oaxaca); C4[9]
  13. Flaveria linearis - narrowleaf yellowtops - Cuba, Bahamas, Florida, Yucatán Peninsula
  14. Flaveria maritima Kunth
  15. Flaveria mcdougallii Theroux, Pinkava & D.J.Keil
  16. Flaveria oppositifolia - Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí), Texas
  17. Flaveria palmeri - Mexico (Coahuila); C4-like[9]
  18. Flaveria pringlei - Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero)
  19. Flaveria pubescens - Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas); C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  20. Flaveria ramosissima - Mexico (Puebla, Oaxaca); C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  21. Flaveria robusta - Mexico (Colima)
  22. Flaveria sonorensis - Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora); C3–C4 intermediate[9]
  23. Flaveria trinervia - clustered yellowtops - Mexico, Belize, South America, West Indies, California Arizona New Mexico Texas Missouri Florida South Carolina Virginia Maryland Massachusetts); C4[9]
  24. Flaveria vaginata B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; C4-like[9]

References

  1. ^ a b c Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
  2. ^ Tropicos search for Flaveria
  3. ^ Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 186–187 in Latin
  4. ^ Tropicos, Flaveria Juss.
  5. ^ a b Floira of North America Vol. 21 Page 247 Flaveria Jussieu
  6. ^ Flora of China Vol. 20-21 Page 855 黄顶菊属 huang ding ju shu Flaveria Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 186. 1789.
  7. ^ a b McKown, A.D.; Moncalvo, J.-M.; Dengler, N.G. (2005). "Phylogeny of Flaveria (Asteraceae) and inference of C4 photosynthesis evolution". American Journal of Botany. 92 (11): 1911–1928. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.11.1911. ISSN 0002-9122. Open access icon
  8. ^ Mallmann, Julia; Heckmann, David; Bräutigam, Andrea; Lercher, Martin J; Weber, Andreas PM; Westhoff, Peter; Gowik, Udo (2014). "The role of photorespiration during the evolution of C4 photosynthesis in the genus Flaveria". eLife. 3. doi:10.7554/elife.02478.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) Open access icon
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Lyu, M.-J.A.; Gowik, U.; Kelly, S.; et al. (2015). "RNA-Seq based phylogeny recapitulates previous phylogeny of the genus Flaveria (Asteraceae) with some modifications". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15 (1). doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0399-9. ISSN 1471-2148.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) Open access icon
  10. ^ A.M. Powell. 1978. Systematics of Flaveria (Flaveriinae-Asteraceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 590–636
  11. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  12. ^ The Plant List search for Flaveria

External links

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