Aron Elias Seligmann
Aron Elias Seligmann ( April 26, 1747 in Leimen - January 11, 1824 in Munich ) was a Jewish court factor . He was later baptized and was raised to the Bavarian nobility in 1814 as Freiherr von Eichthal .
Life
In the 18th century the court factors were the financiers of the princes and their splendid courts. A mercantile economic attitude dominated the government policy of the royal courts. One of the greatest financiers of German royal courts was Aron Elias Seligmann, who succeeded in rising from the court factor in the Electoral Palatinate under Carl Theodor to the Bavarian upper court factor and royal Bavarian banker. In 1799, the successor to Carl Theodor Elector Maximilian Joseph felt compelled to summon the court factor Aron Elias Seligmann to Munich in order to "bring immediate economy to all branches of state administration".
On June 16, 1799, Maximilian Joseph publicly declared in a rescript that he “had the Bavarian finances in great disorder, emptied all state coffers and, moreover, found them burdened with unaffordable arrears.” The Bavarian government circles remembered the bustling Jewish community in Leimener Financier Aron Elias Seligmann. On June 28, 1799, he was granted “and all of his children, both sons and daughters, full citizenship, as well as the authority to settle everywhere in Churpfalz , to take property and generally all trades that are otherwise only a Christian subject able to undertake, if they are in favor of doing business, they should also be empowered and empowered. ”This created the prerequisite for the court factor to also have citizenship in Munich . Nothing stood in the way of moving from Leimen to Munich. Seligmann saved the Bavarian state from ruin and obtained other lenders. The Rhineland Palatinate house treasure including court and church silver was given to him for sale and coinage in 1799. He succeeded in alleviating Bavaria's financial problems and stabilizing the government.
The main creditor of Bavaria among the bankers was still Aron Elias Seligmann in 1811, when the kingdom was facing state bankruptcy with around 110 million guilders in debt. It was mainly thanks to him that the king and his finance minister Montgelas set up a “debt repayment institution” in view of the precarious situation and founded the audit office on October 20, 1812 for financial control . Both were basically measures dictated by creditors for a state that couldn't handle its money. The Bavarian Jewish edict of June 10, 1813 was also made out of gratitude from the king to his main financier. Finally, Seligmann was raised to the nobility of Baron von Eichthal by the Bavarian King Maximilian I Joseph on September 22, 1814 . Associated with this was the award of the coat of arms of the extinct von Thalmann family in Augsburg and the ennoblement of his ten children.
family
Aron Elias Seligmann's marriage to Hindele Levi, who came from a well-known family of court factors in Sigmaringen , produced five daughters and five sons. Caroline (1767–1836), Friederike Marie (1771–1856), Arnold (Leimen, July 24, 1772 - Paris, July 6, 1838, banker), Fanny (1774–1854), David (1775–1850), Bernhard Aron (1784–1830), Louis Aron (1786–1840), Simon Aron (1787–1854), Rebeka Caroline (1788–1836) and Rachel (1790–1861, later Julia Sophia von Eichthal).
The eldest daughter Chaila (Caroline) married the Mannheim court factor Ignatz Mayer in 1785 . Friederike married the Hanoverian court agent Philipp Salomon David , after the conversion they took the family name Philipp. Rachel, the youngest, celebrated the wedding on August 22, 1815 with great pomp in Leimen and married the ku k . Court factor Leopold von Lämel , director of the Austrian National Bank in Prague and member of the Bohemian Parliament . The sons of Seligmann also married daughters of well-known court factors and thus created the conditions for the processing of monetary transactions throughout the empire. Among them, two stand out who showed the entrepreneurial spirit of the father: the older son David and the youngest son Simon (Aron) , who was born on August 11, 1787 in Leimen.
The youngest son continued to run the von Eichthal bank in Theatinerstrasse, which his father had founded in Munich after his death. It was also he who sold the palace in Leimen in 1832 "including the orangery and paintings" for 9,000 guilders to the Karlsruhe host Peter Mathäus Müller.
The daughter Rebeka Caroline married her cousin Eduard Seligmann in Munich in 1810 . They converted to the Catholic faith in 1814 and were raised to the Bavarian nobility in 1816 as Noble von Weling . The couple settled in Bamberg , where the man worked as a banker and tobacco manufacturer.
David Freiherr von Eichthal was one of the leading industrialists in Baden in the first half of the 19th century . His brother, Simon Freiherr von Eichthal , worked in his father's bank in Munich from the start. In 1832 he brokered a government loan of 60 million francs to Greece , which earned him the title of a royal Greek councilor. He became known as an entrepreneur and co-founder of the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank . Baron Simon von Eichthal became the first director of the bank, which, in accordance with the statutes, took out fire and life insurance in addition to credit transactions . It was the first bank in Germany that was operated during the legal reform of the stock corporation . With this bank establishment, a well-funded collection point for private money was created in Bavaria for the first time, which had a favorable effect on agriculture, trade and the onset of industrialization. It became the model for the first wave of German bank foundations in 1848 and 1856. His son Carl von Eichthal , a grandson of Aron Elias Seligmann, was a co-founder of the Bayerische Vereinsbank and did not stand out from the ranks of the Eichhorn bankers. He was on the board of directors of this bank. After the Bayerische Hypotheken- und Wechselbank merged with the Bayrische Vereinsbank to form HypoVereinsbank in 1998 , one might think that the former founding funds of the Eichthal family would have gone back to their original property.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bavarian aristocracy and barons as "von Eichthal" with the award of the coat of arms of the family "von Thalmann" on September 22, 1814 in Munich and enrollment in the baron class on December 10, 1814 for Simon's father, the royal Bavarian court banker Aron Elias Seligmann . - Source: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume III, Page 106, Volume 61 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1975.
- ^ Ceremonial address on the 200th anniversary of the Bavarian Supreme Audit Office by Reinhard Heydenreuter , accessed on March 26, 2012.
- ^ Biographical website on Bernhard von Eichthal
literature
- Annette Weber: The Palais Seligmann in Leimen - or how to combine the pleasant with the useful , in: Jüdisches Leben in Baden 1809 to 2009. 200 years of the Oberrat der Israeliten of Baden , Ostfildern 2009 ( ISBN 978-3-7995-0827-8 ) , Pp. 57-63.
- Karl Günther: The Seligmann House in Leimen in the light of new sources . In: Kraichgau. Contributions to landscape and local research , volume 14, 1995, pp. 127–149.
- Richard Winkler: Seligmann, Aaron Elias. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , p. 219 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Seligmann, Aron Elias |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Freiherr von Eichthal |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Court factor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 26, 1747 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Gluing (bathing) |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 11, 1824 |
| Place of death | Munich |