Abortion

As an abortifacient ( plural : abortifacients) or abortifacient a substance is referred to, with a termination of pregnancy can be triggered.

Medication

The most commonly used today and approved for this application is an abortifacient mifepristone , a progesterone - receptor - antagonist , also known as RU-486th It is sold under the trade name Mifegyne or in the US as Mifeprex.

The intake of mifepristone in early pregnancy leads within 48 hours of the opening of the cervix and detachment of the uterine lining . It is used in conjunction with a synthetic prostaglandin E ₁ analog, such as misoprostol or gemeprost 36 to 48 hours after taking mifepristone, which causes contractions of the uterine muscles and thus causes the fruit to be expelled. This combination is used to induce an artificial abortion at a gestational age of up to 49 days post menstruation.

Methotrexate , a folic acid antagonist that causes trophoblastic tissue to die, is similarly effective , alone or in conjunction with a prostaglandin E ₁ analog.

Repeated administration of a prostaglandin E ₁ analog on its own can also trigger an abortion.

Prostaglandin E ₂ (dinoprostone) is used for more advanced pregnancies , as it is more effective at this gestational age.

history

Abortiva have been used since ancient times and ancient times.

In the 1970s, Mumbai- based Gambers Laboratories released a supposedly Ayurvedic "Fetex paste" that was injected into the uterus. After several women subsequently suffered peritonitis , gangrene and kidney failure , the product was banned after 1985. In Germany a similar product, "Interruptin", had already been used in the 1920s; after an accumulation of deaths from air and fat embolism, this paste was also withdrawn from the market.

Herbal abortions

In earlier herbal medicine and folk medicine , which existed well into the 20th century , a number of plants such as arnica (Berg-Wohlverleih), St. John's wort , aloe ( Aloe vera ), angelica ( Angelica archangelica ), yew needle brew, lady mint , bearberry ( Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ), mugwort ( Artemisia vulgaris ), wormwood ( Artemisia absinthium ), feverfew , garden cress ( Lepidium sativum ), lovage ( Levisticum officinale ), nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans ), parsley ( Petroselinum crispum ), diamond (especially Ruta graveolens ), Ruta Chalepensis ( Ruta chalepensis ), Sade tree ( Juniperus sabina ), silver grape candle ( Actaea racemosa ), cinnamon ( Cinnamomum ceylanicum ), saffron ( Crocus sativus ) and polei mint have been attributed an abortive effect. Severe poisoning has been reported when using these preparations.

literature

Ciganda & Laborde: Herbal infusions used for induced abortion. In: J Toxicol Clin Toxicol . 2003; 41: 235-9. PMID 12807304
Gold & Cates: Herbal abortifacients. In: JAMA . 1980; 243: 1365-6. PMID 7359700
Conway & Slocumb: Plants used as abortifacients and emmenagogues by Spanish New Mexicans. In: J Ethnopharmacol . 1979; 1: 241-61. PMID 232204
Vollmer: About the suitability of rue, cinnamon and some other plant materials as abortion drugs. In: Arch Toxicol . 1938; 9: 69-74 doi: 10.1007 / BF02452283
Andrea Kammeier-Nebel: When a woman consumed herbal potions in order not to receive ... Birth restrictions in the early Middle Ages. In: Man and the Environment in the Middle Ages. Edited by Bernd Herrmann, Stuttgart 1986, pp. 65–73
Beatrix Falch: Herbal therapies during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Permitted medicinal plants and prohibited plants . ( Gynecology 4/2009, p. 24)

Web links

Wiktionary: Abortive - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

^ Henning Schneider , Fritz K. Beller : Abortion. In: Henning Schneider, Peter-Wolf Husslein , Karl Theo Maria Schneider : The obstetrics. Springer-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3540338977 , pp. 55–56
↑ Achim Keller: The Abortiva in the Roman Empire. Stuttgart 1988 (= sources and studies on the history of pharmacy. Volume 46).
↑ SG Kabra: Unsafe abortions and experimental excesses . In: Indian Journal of Medical Ethics . tape 11 , no. 3 , 2003 ( ijme.in ).
↑ Interrupt in syringe set. In: Museum of Contraception and Abortion. Retrieved September 8, 2016 .
↑ Lucy Prochnow: Experimental contributions to the knowledge of the effect of folk abortives. In: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. Volume 21, 1911, p. 313.
↑ Larissa Leibrock-Plehn: Hexenkräuter or Medicines: the abortion drugs in the 16th and 17th centuries (= Heidelberg writings on the history of pharmacy and natural science . Volume 6 ). Knowledge Verl.-Ges, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 978-3-8047-1200-3 .
^ John M. Riddle, Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1994, ISBN 978-0-674-16876-3 , pp. 103 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Francesco Capasso, Timothy S. Gaginella, Giuliano Grandolini, Angelo A. Izzo: Phytotherapy: A Quick Reference to Herbal Medicine . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-3-642-55528-2 , p. 92 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ VJ Brøndegaard: The juniper as an abortifacient . In: Sudhoff's archive for the history of medicine and the natural sciences . tape 48 , no. 4 , 1964, pp. 331-351 , JSTOR : 20775123 .
↑ James C. Mohr: Abortion in America: The Origins and Evolution of National Policy . Oxford University Press, Oxford u. a. 1978, ISBN 0-19-502249-1 , pp. 68 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[1] Henning Schneider , Fritz K. Beller : Abortion. In: Henning Schneider, Peter-Wolf Husslein , Karl Theo Maria Schneider : The obstetrics. Springer-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3540338977 , pp. 55–56

[2] Achim Keller: The Abortiva in the Roman Empire. Stuttgart 1988 (= sources and studies on the history of pharmacy. Volume 46).

[3] SG Kabra: Unsafe abortions and experimental excesses . In: Indian Journal of Medical Ethics . tape 11 , no. 3 , 2003 ( ijme.in ).

[4] Interrupt in syringe set. In: Museum of Contraception and Abortion. Retrieved September 8, 2016 .

[5] Lucy Prochnow: Experimental contributions to the knowledge of the effect of folk abortives. In: Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. Volume 21, 1911, p. 313.

[6] Larissa Leibrock-Plehn: Hexenkräuter or Medicines: the abortion drugs in the 16th and 17th centuries (= Heidelberg writings on the history of pharmacy and natural science . Volume 6 ). Knowledge Verl.-Ges, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 978-3-8047-1200-3 .

[7] John M. Riddle, Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance . Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1994, ISBN 978-0-674-16876-3 , pp. 103 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[8] Francesco Capasso, Timothy S. Gaginella, Giuliano Grandolini, Angelo A. Izzo: Phytotherapy: A Quick Reference to Herbal Medicine . Springer Science & Business Media, 2012, ISBN 978-3-642-55528-2 , p. 92 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[9] VJ Brøndegaard: The juniper as an abortifacient . In: Sudhoff's archive for the history of medicine and the natural sciences . tape 48 , no. 4 , 1964, pp. 331-351 , JSTOR : 20775123 .

[10] James C. Mohr: Abortion in America: The Origins and Evolution of National Policy . Oxford University Press, Oxford u. a. 1978, ISBN 0-19-502249-1 , pp. 68 ( limited preview in Google Book search).