Acmaeodera pilosellae
| Acmaeodera pilosellae | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acmaeodera pilosellae is hiding |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Acmaeodera pilosellae | ||||||||||||
| ( Bonelli , 1812) |
Acmaeodera Pilosellae is a beetle from the family of the jewel beetle and the subfamily Polycestinae . The genus Acmaeodera is represented in Europe with 25 species, which are divided into three sub-genera. Acmaeodera pilosellae is part of the subgenus Acmaeodera , which is represented in Europe with five species. The species Acmaeodera pilosellae occurs in Europe only in the subspecies Acmaeodera pilosellae pilosellae . The German name Welliggefleckter Prachtkäfer can also be found on the Internet.
 
|
|
| Fig. 1: Two different drawings | |
|
|
| Fig. 2: Front view | Fig. 3: side view |
|
|
| Fig. 4: Mating | |
Notes on the name
The beetle was first described by Bonelli in 1812 under the name Buprestis pilosellae . The description contains the sentence Mensibus aestivis rara in Pilosellis in Sylva de la Venaria ( Latin for Pilosella in the forest of Venaria rarely in the summer months ). The species name Pilosellae the beetle so explained by the findings on Pilosella , a hawkweed , in the forest of Venaria (in Turin ). However, the beetle can also be found on numerous other flowers.
The generic name Acmaeodera goes back to Eschscholtz in 1829. He is from old gr. ακμαίος "akmāīos" for "strong" and δέρη "dére" for "neck" derived. Eschscholtz distinguishes the genus from similar genera by the pronotum that is cut off at the back .
The little-used name wavy-spotted jewel beetle alludes to the drawing on the wing covers .
Properties of the beetle
The beetle becomes seven to nine millimeters long. It belongs within the genus to the only moderately cylindrical species. The head, body and extremities are light copper in color, while the elytra are yellowish-brown to yellow-orange with dark markings along the seam and on the sides, of a similar color to the head and pronotum . In terms of color and drawing, the beetle is similar to the species Acmaeodera edmundi . The head, the pronotum and the base of the elytra are long and hairy, the hairy on the elytra is protruding behind the base, short, and sparse. Acmaeodera edmundi is darker and the hairs are not shaggy in this species.
The head is lowered perpendicular to the body axis. Its hair is whitish and predominantly sloping forward. The big eyes sit sideways. The relatively short, eleven-link antennae are toothed from the fourth link onwards and are deflected between the eyes.
The pronotum is more than twice as wide as it is long. At the head it is as wide as this, it has its greatest width in the third quarter and there it is noticeably wider than the elytra. Towards the base it tapers again to the width of the base of the wing-coverts. A longitudinal impression is more or less clear. There are three distinct dimples near the base of the pronotum, the middle one being the most noticeable. The front angles are lower than the rear angles, all four angles are not visible from above. A side edge runs from the rear angles to the front angles, but does not reach them. The pronotum is densely dotted and hairy whitish. The base of the pronotum, typical of the genera Acmaeodera and Acmaeoderella , is briefly fluted lengthways.
One label is missing.
The elytra are only slightly arched both lengthways and widthways. In the area of the shoulders there is an elevation, the callus humeralis. Each wing cover has ten recessed rows of elongated points. When viewed from above, the sides of the wing covers are approximately two-thirds parallel, after which they narrow roughly elliptically. Seen from the side, the lateral edge of the elytra is only gently curved upwards behind the shoulders, it is not outlined. In the rear area, the outer edge of the wing covers is finely sawn. The drawing of the wing covers is very variable. As a rule, a narrow dark stripe connects several irregular spots on the outer edge, and a dark band runs along the wing cover seam , which merges laterally with irregular spots. The base of the wing cover is also dark.
The species Acmaeodera pilosella belongs to the cylindrica group within the subgenus Acmaeodera . Genital morphologically, the species of the cylindrica group in the male sex have a strongly sclerotized penis with triangular small lamina, in the females the ovipositor is very short and clearly sclerotized (see Volkovitch for details).
The legs are the same color as the body, dotted and also hairy. All tarsi are four-part.
biology
The beetles are not only found, as the name might suggest, on hawkweeds, but on very different flowers. In addition to yellow-flowered daisy plants , bindweed plants are also known. The yarrow is also given. The larva develops in numerous shrubs and deciduous trees ( maple , almond , hazelnut , hawthorn , colutea , walnut , pistachio , prunus , quercus ). In Bulgaria the beetle can be found up to a height of 800 meters from April to August. The beetle has also been reported from Macedonia from an altitude of over 1500 m. Finds from Greece from mid-April to the end of July from loose bush forest of the plains and lower mountains are reported. In Sicily , it has been observed that the beetle on Zelkova sicula ( elm family ) lays eggs one by one on the bark of branches that have been stressed by drought. The larva bores wide passages in the branches, causing them to wither.
Occurrence
The species is native to almost the entire Mediterranean (Holomediterranean). The nominate form is known from South Tyrol , Spain , France , Italy , Hungary , Romania , Slovenia , Croatia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Montenegro , Albania , Macedonia , Bulgaria , Greece and European Turkey . With further subspecies, the range extends to Algeria , Syria , Jordan , Israel , Turkey, Transcaucasia , Iran and Turkmenistan .
literature
- Edmund Reitter : Fauna Germanica, the beetles of the German Empire. III. Volume, KGLutz 'Verlag, Stuttgart 1911, p. 190.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fauna Europaea systematics and distribution of Acmaeodera pilosellae , accessed on September 9, 2017
- ^ A b Franc-André Bonelli: Specimen Faunae subalpinae sistens Insecta Pedemontii Fasciculus 1 in Memorie della Società di Agricoltura di Torino Tomo 9, Torino 1812 Species description Buprestis pilosellae in the Google book search
- ^ Sigmund Schenkling: Nomenclator coleopterologicus. 2nd Edition. Jena 1922.
- ↑ Friedrich Eschscholtz: Zoological Atlas 1. Heft Berlin 1829, p. 9 in the Google book search
- ↑ a b М. Г. Волкович (MG Volkovitsh): Оьэор палеарктических грурр златок трибы Acmaeoderini (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) (Revision of Palaearctic groups of the tribe Acmaeoderini (Coleoptera, Buprestidae)) in ЭНТОМОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОЗРЕНИЕ (Revue d'Entomology de l'USSR) LVIII, 2, 1979 S 343. or English translation by Research gate
- ↑ Maximilien Spinola: Essai sur les espèces des genres Stéraspis et Acmaeodera, Famille des Buprestides, ordre des Coléoptères in Annales de la Société Entomologique de France Vol. 7. Paris 1838, p. 303 ff Species description Acmaeodera pilosellae p. 391. and identification table as foldout
- ↑ a b Imre Frivaldszky: Közlések a Balkány 'vidékén tett természettudományi utazásról (publications on the scientific trip to the Balkans) In: A Magyar Tudós Társaság évkönyvei (Yearbooks of the Society of Hungarian Scholars); Buda 1835, 2nd volume 1832-1834, 2nd class, pp. 235-276. P. 255 Acmaeodera pilosellae in the Google book search
- ↑ Mark G. Volkovitsh, Vladimir Sakalian, Georgi Georgiev: A checklist and a key to the taxa of the subfamily Polycestinae Lacordaire, 1857 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Bulgaria. In: Acta Zoologica Bulgaria. 67 (4), 2015, 471-478, p. 476.
- ↑ Mario Luna: Il coleotteri Buprestidae dell'Apennino Umbro. In: Bolletino dell 'Associazione Romana di Entomologia. 68 (1-4), 2013, pp. 9-30 p. 10.
- ↑ a b c Vladimir P. Sakalian: A Catalog of the Jewel Beetles of Bulgaria - Coleoptera, Buprestidae Pensoft, 2003, ISBN 954-642-172-3 excerpt, p. 17 in the Google book search
- ↑ a b c H. Mühle, P. Brandl, M. Niehuis: Catalogus Faunae Graeciae; Coleoptera: Buprestidae. Georg Rößle, Augsburg 2000, pp. 3, 8, 56.
- ↑ Vladimir P. Sakalian: Contribution to the knowledge of the jewel beetles (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) of the Republique of Macedonia. In: Екол. Зашт. Живот. Сред., Skopje 2000/2001, Vol. 7, No. 1–2, pp. 33–40, p. 34.
- ↑ G. Campo, A. Sidoti, G. Perrotta: Indagine sullo stato fitosanitario delle poblacioni di 'Zelkova sicula'. LIFE10 Nat / IT / 000237 Zelkov @ ZIONE Text in Italian with photos
