Adalbert Friedrich Marcus

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Adalbert Friedrich Marcus. Copper engraving by Johann Jakob Lips based on a template by Franziska Schöpfer.

Adalbert Friedrich Marcus (born November 21, 1753 in Arolsen ; † April 26, 1816 in Bamberg ) was a German doctor , personal physician of Franz Ludwig von Erthal and promoter of the arts and welfare of the city of Bamberg.

life and work

Adalbert Friedrich Marcus, who was also nicknamed Benjamin and Israel, was born as the first son of the dealer and Waldeck court agent Moritz Marc (us) and his wife Esther in Arolsen near Kassel . In 1781 the Jew Marcus converted to the Catholic denomination.

In 1801 Adalbert Friedrich Marcus acquired the Altenburg , the dilapidated former residence of the Bamberg bishops, and dedicated himself to the preservation of the castle. Among his guests and friends were the poet ETA Hoffmann , the natural philosopher Friedrich Schelling and the Bamberg wine merchant and publisher Carl Friedrich Kunz , in whose publishing house Marcus published some medical writings.

He used the secularization of the former bishopric and duchy of Bamberg to improve the medical and social care of the citizens. In 1803 he had the residents of the outdated Altenstift Katharinenspital transferred to the closed Michelsberg Monastery . In 1805, at his instigation, St. Getreu , the provost office of the secularized Bamberg monastery Michaelsberg , was converted into a district insane asylum. Marcus also ran this hospital.

His adoptive son is the Würzburg medical professor and psychiatrist Carl Friedrich von Marcus , who was born in 1802 and who founded the first permanent psychiatric clinic in Germany.

According to his wishes, Marcus was buried at the foot of the Altenburg he had preserved. The grave can be found on the northern slope there below the crucifixion group.

Legacy

Two years after Marcus' death, Postmaster Anton von Grafenstein founded the Altenburg Association, which is still looking after the castle to this day.

Honors

In Bamberg, the Markusplatz, the Markusbrücke and the Markushaus (former gynecological clinic and today part of the University of Bamberg ) as well as the Markusstraße are named after him.

literature

  • Karl Friedrich Speyer: Dr. AF Marcus portrayed after his life and work. In addition to the story of the illness, opening of the corpse, nine supplements and the completely similar portrait of the deceased. From his nephew Dr. [Karl Friedrich] Speyer and Dr. Marc . With a preface by G [eorg] M [ichael] Klein. Bamberg, Kunz, 1817
  • August Hirsch :  Marcus, Adalbert Friedrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1884, p. 306 f.
  • Erhart Kahle:  Marcus, Adalbert Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-00197-4 , p. 134 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Werner E. Gerabek : Marcus, Adalbert Friedrich. In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. Edited by Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil and Wolfgang Wegner, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2005, p. 891 f.
  • Wolfgang Grünbeck: The Bamberg doctor Dr. Adalbert Friedrich Markus. Medical dissertation Erlangen – Nuremberg 1971.
  • Alexander Nogaller: Doctor Adalbert Friedrich Markus (1753–1816): doctor, health care organizer, philosopher, center of social life (on his 250th birthday). In: Würzburger medical history reports 24, 2005, pp. 546–551.
  • Mark Häberlein / Michaela Schmölz-Häberlein : Adalbert Friedrich Marcus (1753-1816) - A Bamberg doctor between enlightened reforms and romantic medicine . (= City and region in the pre-modern era 5 ), Würzburg 2016, ISBN 978-3-95650-134-0 .
  • This: The medical library of Adalbert Friedrich Marcus. Private book ownership and medical knowledge in Bamberg around 1800 . (= Bamberg Historical Studies 15 ), Bamberg 2016, ISBN 978-3-86309-429-4 .

Web links

Wikisource: Adalbert Friedrich Marcus  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Adalbert Friedrich Marcus  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alexander Nogaller: Doctor Adalbert Friedrich Markus (1753-1816): doctor, organizer of the health system, philosopher, center of social life (on his 250th birthday). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 24, 2005, pp. 546–551, here: p. 546 (according to the gravestone: "[...] Denatus April 26, 1816")
  2. ↑ Alexander Nogaller: Doctor Adalbert Friedrich Markus (1753-1816): doctor, organizer of the health system, philosopher, center of social life (on his 250th birthday). In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 24, 2005, pp. 546-551, here: pp. 546 f.
  3. ↑ Robert Herrlinger : The development of medical history teaching at the Julius Maximilians University. Messages from the Georg Sticker Institute for the History of Medicine at the University of Würzburg, Issue 1 (March 1957), pp. 1–8; P. 2
  4. ^ Konrad Rieger : From the Julius Hospital and the oldest psychiatric clinic. In: A hundred years Bavarian. A festival book published by the city of Würzburg. Würzburg 1914, pp. 303–334, here: p. 315.
  5. ↑ Erhart Kahle: Marcus, Carl Friedrich von. In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. Edited by Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil and Wolfgang Wegner, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and New York 2005, p. 892
  6. ↑ Andreas H. Mahnken and Axel W.-O. Schmidt: Dr. med. Ernst Schmidt (1830–1900) - revolutionary and doctor. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 20, 2001, pp. 311-318, here: p. 312.
  7. ↑ General German Real Encyclopedia for the educated classes (Conversations Lexicon). 12 volumes, Volume 7 ( M - N ), 7th edition. FA Brockhaus, Leipzig 1830, p. 118.
personal data
SURNAME Marcus, Adalbert Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Markus, Adalbert Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor
DATE OF BIRTH November 21, 1753
PLACE OF BIRTH Arolsen
DATE OF DEATH April 26, 1816
Place of death Bamberg