Aderkas (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the von Aderkas

Aderkas is the name of a German Baltic nobility that was settled in Livonia as early as the 13th century . Later the sex could also spread in Estonia and on Oesel , for some time also to Denmark and from there to Prussia , and ultimately to Russia . Individual branches of the family still exist today.

Family history

The family was first mentioned in a document in 1277 in Livonia with the knight Johannes de Adricas , who was a vassal of the Archbishop of Riga .

The family derives its name from the Adrikas fiefdom , which is near Lemsal . The family's other goods were also located there, from which Kadfer was acquired in 1357 and Bisterwolde in 1491. Fabian von Aderkas also bought the Kürbis estate for the family in 1638 , which was also called Wittersbeck or Wettersbach. A Gut Kürbis-Bisterwolde was still owned by the Aderkas family in 1939 .

On Ösel , the Aderkas got by marriage in 1725 to Peude with the Otimanor manor, which they like Koik kept until 1919. Here they provided Ottokar von Aderkas (1806–1863), a country marshal.

The Aderkas had been wealthy in the Wiek since 1441. Initially, the Aderkas owned Willküll here, but other goods were to be added over the years. Three lines of the family followed each other here in property ownership. Otto Heinrich von Aderkas from the second line, entered service in Denmark before 1700 and founded the Kervel family there. His descendants settled in Stolzenfelde in Neumark and made several officers in the Prussian army . With Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Aderkas (1767–1843), Major a. D. and professor of war science in Dorpat , the Danish house of Kervel and the Prussian line that emerged from it have died out. Members of the second Estonian line, Ast Sallajöggi , lived in Russia until at least about the middle of the 20th century.

After completing military service, the Aderkas received some recognition; Among other things, they appointed a governor of Vilna in 1649. In the nineteenth century, several members of the family served in various officers' guards, including in the Russian army. The Russian privy councilor and consul general in Lübeck Gotthard Emanuel von Aderkas (1773–1861) received a personal baron title , which, however, did not affect the entire family and was therefore not inherited.

This continuity of the family in property ownership at Lemsal and in the Wiek for 700 years in some cases or, weakened at Hapsal for over 500 years, is to be regarded as a special exception for the Baltic nobility.

Two members of the family were murdered in the early 20th century, according to a report in the Düna newspaper .

coat of arms

Aderka's coat of arms in Polish heraldry

The family coat of arms shows a black falcon in gold. On the helmet with black and gold covers, three black ostrich feathers.

Until the 16th century, the coat of arms also showed a blue sloping bar in gold, overlaid with a black bird of prey. On the helmet with black and gold covers three (blue, black and gold) ostrich feathers.

The heraldic bird was emblazoned as an eagle or bird of prey until the 20th century.

Well-known namesake

literature

Web links

Commons : Aderkas  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reproduction from the Düna newspaper in "Ein Notruf aus dem Baltenlande" in Deutsche Macht, January 4, 1906 [1]
  2. ↑ Reproduction from the Düna newspaper in "Russia and Panslavism" [2]
  3. ↑ Hollandi ajalooinstituut