Aderkas (noble family)
Aderkas is the name of a German Baltic nobility that was settled in Livonia as early as the 13th century . Later the sex could also spread in Estonia and on Oesel , for some time also to Denmark and from there to Prussia , and ultimately to Russia . Individual branches of the family still exist today.
Family history
The family was first mentioned in a document in 1277 in Livonia with the knight Johannes de Adricas , who was a vassal of the Archbishop of Riga .
The family derives its name from the Adrikas fiefdom , which is near Lemsal . The family's other goods were also located there, from which Kadfer was acquired in 1357 and Bisterwolde in 1491. Fabian von Aderkas also bought the Kürbis estate for the family in 1638 , which was also called Wittersbeck or Wettersbach. A Gut Kürbis-Bisterwolde was still owned by the Aderkas family in 1939 .
On Ösel , the Aderkas got by marriage in 1725 to Peude with the Otimanor manor, which they like Koik kept until 1919. Here they provided Ottokar von Aderkas (1806–1863), a country marshal.
The Aderkas had been wealthy in the Wiek since 1441. Initially, the Aderkas owned Willküll here, but other goods were to be added over the years. Three lines of the family followed each other here in property ownership. Otto Heinrich von Aderkas from the second line, entered service in Denmark before 1700 and founded the Kervel family there. His descendants settled in Stolzenfelde in Neumark and made several officers in the Prussian army . With Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Aderkas (1767–1843), Major a. D. and professor of war science in Dorpat , the Danish house of Kervel and the Prussian line that emerged from it have died out. Members of the second Estonian line, Ast Sallajöggi , lived in Russia until at least about the middle of the 20th century.
After completing military service, the Aderkas received some recognition; Among other things, they appointed a governor of Vilna in 1649. In the nineteenth century, several members of the family served in various officers' guards, including in the Russian army. The Russian privy councilor and consul general in Lübeck Gotthard Emanuel von Aderkas (1773–1861) received a personal baron title , which, however, did not affect the entire family and was therefore not inherited.
This continuity of the family in property ownership at Lemsal and in the Wiek for 700 years in some cases or, weakened at Hapsal for over 500 years, is to be regarded as a special exception for the Baltic nobility.
Two members of the family were murdered in the early 20th century, according to a report in the Düna newspaper .
coat of arms
The family coat of arms shows a black falcon in gold. On the helmet with black and gold covers, three black ostrich feathers.
Until the 16th century, the coat of arms also showed a blue sloping bar in gold, overlaid with a black bird of prey. On the helmet with black and gold covers three (blue, black and gold) ostrich feathers.
The heraldic bird was emblazoned as an eagle or bird of prey until the 20th century.
Well-known namesake
- Claus III. von Aderkas , (exp. 1533–1570), mayor, councilor of the Bishop of Ösel-Wiek .
- Reinhold von Aderkas , knighthood captain of Pernau in 1569 .
- Jürgen von Aderkas (1603–1631), Swedish colonel and regimental commander, died in the battle of Breitenfeld .
- Fabian von Aderkas († 1683), Swedish major general
- Carl Johann von Aderkas († 1708), Oldenburg military
- Wilhelm Fabian von Aderkas Василий Родионович Адеркас (1771–1838), Russian major, district judge and landowner in Estonia .
- Heinrich Otto von Aderkas Андрей Антонович Адеркас (1770–1840), Russian quartermaster general and lieutenant general.
- Berend Otto von Aderkas Борис Антонович Адеркас (1775–1831), civil governor of Pskov
- Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Aderkas (1767–1843), professor of war science at the University of Dorpat .
- Gotthard Emanuel Baron von Aderkas Эмануил Богданович Адеркас (1773–1861), Russian Privy Councilor and Consul General in Lübeck.
- Karl Wilhelm Ottokar von Aderkas Карл Владимирович Адеркас (1806–1869), Russian colonel, real councilor, Oeselscher Landmarschall.
- Emanuel Woldemar Ottokar Alexander von Aderkas Эммануил Викторович Адеркас (1845–1898), Russian major general.
- Woldemar Alexander Emanuel Victor von Aderkas (1849–1908), district administrator on Ösel .
- Emanuel Hugo Eugen Ottokar von Aderkas Оттокар Карлович Адеркас (1859–1921), Russian Privy Councilor.
- Claus von Aderkas (1919–2007), pastor, director of the Bremen Inner Mission.
literature
- Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods (new series) . Volume 6, Hamburg 2016, pp. 1–70
- Genealogical manual of the Baltic knighthoods . Part 2, 1.2: Estonia, Görlitz 1930, p. 642
- Genealogical manual of the Oesel knighthood . Tartu 1935, pp. 21-29
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume I, p. 16, Volume 53 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1972
- Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : The coats of arms of the German baronial and noble families . Volume 4, Leipzig 1857 pp. 2-3
- Heinrich Ferdinand Steinmann : Upper and Lower Saxony nobility lexicon . Volume 1, Leipzig 1843, p. 4
- Astaf von Transehe-Roseneck : Genealogical manual of the Livonian knighthood . Part 1, 1: Livonia, Volume 1, Görlitz 1929, pp. 394–415
- Leopold von Zedlitz : New Prussian Adelslexicon . Volume 1, Leipzig 1836, pp. 82-83
Web links
- History of the Peudorf estate, owned by the v. Aderkas (1717–1919) ( Memento from February 13, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Reproduction from the Düna newspaper in "Ein Notruf aus dem Baltenlande" in Deutsche Macht, January 4, 1906 [1]
- ↑ Reproduction from the Düna newspaper in "Russia and Panslavism" [2]
- ↑ Hollandi ajalooinstituut