Albert Roth

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Albert Roth

Emil Albert Roth (born September 10, 1893 in Liedolsheim , † January 7, 1952 in Karlsruhe ) was a German politician and member of the Reichstag for the NSDAP .

Life

Roth was the second oldest of ten children of a tinsmith and farmer. After attending primary school, he learned the trade of a farmer in his parents' business. He was deferred from military service because of severe myopia. Roth's information on his military service in World War I is contradicting itself, presumably he was a soldier from summer 1916 to April 1917. It is certain that he belonged as a gunner to the Baden foot artillery regiment No. 14 and suffered gas poisoning . Roth married in September 1918; by 1925 the marriage had three children.

In civil life, Roth took over his parents' farm, which, with 2.5 hectares of cultivated land, was above average for Liedolsheimer standards. At the same time, because of his rhetorical skills, he developed into a peasant leader and became a member of the folk "Reading Club for Race and German Folklore" in Liedoldsheim. The reading club was founded by Robert Roth ; there is no direct relationship between the two. The reading club later operated as the local group of the German National Protection and Defense Association ; after its ban, the group briefly called itself NSDAP local group Liedolsheim in the summer of 1922 . It was one of the party's first local groups in Baden . After the NSDAP was banned in Baden, the group continued to exist as the "Aryan League". In July 1923, a group of 24 Liedolsheimers - including both Roths and the teacher August Kramer , who has been working in the town since the beginning of the year - officially visited Munich to take part in the gymnastics festival. In Munich there was a meeting with Hitler at which the formal admission of the Liedolsheimer group to the NSDAP ( membership number 28.199) was arranged. A meeting of National Socialists in Liedolsheim in the same month, declared as a "Schlageter celebration" , resulted in a police operation, in which despite the deployment of 37 police officers the arrest of the two Roths and Kramers failed due to their support in the population.

Roth was at times NSDAP local group leader for Liedolsheim, which developed into an early stronghold of the NSDAP and its substitute organizations in the Weimar Republic : The Völkisch-Soziale Block received 51.9% of the votes in the Reichstag elections in May 1924 (Baden: 4, 8%, rich: 6.6%). In the Baden state elections in 1929, the NSDAP achieved 38% locally (Baden 7.0%); Roth succeeded in entering the state parliament . At that time he was a trained NSDAP Reich speaker and from the perspective of the social democratic newspaper “Volkswacht” “one of the worst Nazi agitators”. The NSDAP party newspaper Völkischer Beobachter saw Roth as the party's best speaker for rural regions, where he had held hundreds of party events. The Badisches Landespolizeiamt characterized Roth in January 1929 as the "most abusive agitator of the party", who portrays himself as a "representative and fellow sufferer of the small farmers" and with "his harsh language of expression among the rural population [...] is very well received". According to the memories of Walter Köhler , Minister-President of Baden after 1933, Roth did less well in parliamentary operations: Roth had achieved success at meetings with rehearsed phrases, but showed weaknesses in parliament when it came to reacting flexibly to interjections from political opponents. Roth claimed in 1935 that he conducted over 2,000 events and was sentenced to multiple fines and seven months in prison. There are two convictions of five and eight months in prison for insult.

After the transfer of power to the National Socialists, Roth received a mandate in the Reichstag in November 1933 , which was meaningless during the National Socialist era. He joined the SS on November 9, 1934 with the rank of SS-Hauptsturmführer (membership number 261.909). Last promoted to Standartenführer on November 9, 1943 , Roth was assigned to the staff in the Race and Settlement Office of the SS. In addition, he was a member of the Reichsbauernrat and head of department at the Landesbauernschaft Baden. In April 1940 Roth leased the Kappenhof in Ohrensbach (today part of Glottertal ). One of the previous owners of the farm had problems with the NSDAP in 1934 and was expatriated and the farm was robbed.

After the liberation from National Socialism , Roth was captured at the Kappenhof in May 1945 and was imprisoned until September 1946 and again from April 1947 to October 1947. The denazification authority's complaint called for Roth to be classified as the “main culprit”. This was justified with Roth's fortune, which in 1945 was over 100,000 RM , while in 1933 he was still in debt. In addition, Roth was held responsible for the arrest of ten men who sang socialist songs at the Liedolsheim church fair in 1933. Some of those arrested had been held in the Kislau concentration camp for weeks . The post-war mayor of Liedolsheim characterized Roth as "very common denunciators". Despite a number of exonerating statements , Roth was classified in the group of "main culprits" in May 1949 and sentenced to four years in a labor camp and the almost complete confiscation of his property. She was not sent to the labor camp because she was incapable of detention. Roth's health was extremely poor, for which he blamed his detention conditions and mistreatment during interrogation.

literature

  • Konrad Dussel : Albert and Robert Roth. Two National Socialist members of the Reichstag from Liedolsheim in northern Baden. (= Contributions to the history of the district of Karlsruhe , volume 10) Verlag Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher 2016, ISBN 978-3-89735-953-6 .
  • Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform: the members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the Volkish and National Socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924 . Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 , p. 526 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biographical information in:
    Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , passim;
    Lilla, Extras , p. 526;
    Kurt Hochstuhl: Time to fight in the country. On the early history of the NSDAP in Baden: The example of Liedolsheim. In: Christof Müller-Wirth (Red): Serving the ideal of freedom - commemorating its champions. Festival ceremony for Wolfgang Michalka. Friends of the memorial for the freedom movements in German history, Rastatt 2003, ISBN 3-00-011738-5 , pp. 81–88
    Johnpeter Horst Grill: The Nazi movement in Baden, 1920–1945. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill 1983, ISBN 0-8078-1472-5 , pp. 69 f;
    Ernst Otto Bräunche: The development of the NSDAP in Baden until 1932/33. In: Journal for the history of the Upper Rhine . 125th volume (NF 86th volume) 1977, pp. 331-375, here p. 342.
    Biography in the handbook of the Reichstag
  2. ↑ under evaluation of the Liedolsheimer Ortsfamilienbuch : Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , pp. 17, 20 f;
    also Grill, Nazi movement , p. 70;
    The assertion that they were brothers is often found in the literature, for example in:
    Lilla, extras , p. 527;
    Hochstuhl, Kampfzeit , p. 83 f;
    Frank Teske: The district of Karlsruhe in the Nazi era. A study on social, political and economic change using the example of the communities Berghausen, Jöhlingen, Linkenheim and Malsch. (= Contributions to the history of the Karlsruhe district. Volume 4) Regionalkultur, Ubstadt-Weiher 2003, ISBN 3-89735-230-3 , p. 56.
  3. ↑ Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , p. 32.
  4. ↑ Local election results for Monika Rummel, Uwe Rummel: Dettenheim: turning points in the history of Liedolsheim and Rußheim. Municipality of Dettenheim, Altlußheim 1998, ISBN 3-00-003405-6 , p. 49 and Bräunche: Entwicklung , p. 342. For regional election results, see elections in the Weimar Republic .
  5. ↑ Volkswacht Volume 19, No. 135 of July 6, 1929 p. 5, quoted in Bräunche: Entwicklung , p. 342.
  6. ↑ Hochstuhl, Kampfzeit , p. 87.
  7. ↑ quoted by Ulrich Baumann: Destroyed Neighborhoods. Christians and Jews in Baden rural communities 1862–1940. (= Studies on Jewish History , Volume 7) Dölling and Galitz, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-933374-42-1 , p. 278.
  8. ↑ With reference to Köhler: Bräunche, Entwicklung , p. 342.
  9. ↑ Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , pp. 58–60.
  10. ^ Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , p. 89.
  11. ↑ Dussel, Albert and Robert Roth , p. 8 f.
personal data
SURNAME Roth, Albert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roth, Emil Albert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH September 10, 1893
PLACE OF BIRTH Liedolsheim
DATE OF DEATH January 7, 1952
Place of death Karlsruhe