Alexander Nikolajewitsch Samoilowitsch

Alexander Nikolajewitsch Samoilowitsch

Alexander Nikolayevich Samoilowitsch ( Russian Александр Николаевич Самойлович ; born December 17, ^jul. / 29. December  1880 ^greg. In Nizhny Novgorod ; † 13. February 1938 in Moscow ) was a Russian Orientalist , turkologist and university teachers .

Life

Samoilovich was the son of the director of the grammar school of the Nizhny Novgorod governorate Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Samoilowitsch, who came from the Ukrainian clergy . The mother Yevgenia Alexandrovna was the daughter of the military doctor Alexander Steigmann. Uncle Wladimir Steigmann was a military doctor and in 1908 led the medical and ethnographic North Sakhalin expedition.

Samoilowitsch visited the nobility Institute Nizhny Novgorod and then studied at the University of St. Petersburg in the Arabic - Persian - Turkish - Tatar class of Oriental Studies - Faculty with completion in 1903. His teachers were Platon Mikhailovich Melioranski and Wilhelm Radloff . From 1907 he taught Turkic languages at the University of St. Petersburg. One of his students was Richard Vasmer .

After the October Revolution , Samoilowitsch taught at the Eastern Department of the General Staff Academy of the Red Army in 1920 . Together with Wassili Wladimirowitsch Bartold and Iwan Iwanowitsch Sarubin , he prepared an ethnographic analysis of Turkestan and Kyrgyzstan for the People's Commissariat for Nationality Issues . Later, he was rector of the Petrograd Central Institute for spoken Eastern languages (elected 1924) (1922 to 1925), Corresponding Member and real member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (AN SSSR) (elected 1929) and Academy Secretary of the Department of Humanities of AN-SSSR (1929–1933) and director of the Institute for Oriental Studies of the AN-SSSR (1934–1937) as successor to Sergei Fjodorowitsch Oldenburgs . 1933 led Samoilowitsch meetings of the Kazakhstan branch of the AN SSSR to the development of Karaganda - coal industry and for the planning of the Metallurgy Combine Novokuznetsk . Also involved were Alexander Evgenjewitsch Fersman , Iwan Michailowitsch Gubkin and Andrei Dmitrijewitsch Archangelski .

Samoilowitsch conducted field studies to examine the languages, customs and folklore of the Turkic peoples in the Crimea , the Volga region , the North Caucasus and South Caucasus , Central Asia , Kazakhstan and the Altai . This resulted in fundamental work on the language, literature , folklore and ethnography of the Turkic peoples as well as on problems of Turkology and the classification of the Turkic languages. Samoilowitsch was one of the authors of the first edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam (1913-1938) published in Leiden .

On October 27, 1937, Samoyilovich was arrested for spying on Japan and founding a terrorist organization. In addition, he was accused of pan-Turkishism . On February 13, 1938, he was shot by members of the NKVD . On April 29, 1938, he was expelled from the AN-SSSR. His successor as director of the Institute for Oriental Studies of the AN-SSSR was Vasily Wassiljewitsch Struwe . Samoyilovich was rehabilitated on August 25, 1956 and re-admitted to the AN-SSSR on December 14, 1956, with a public proclamation on March 5, 1957.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Great Soviet Encyclopedia : Самойлович Александр Николаевич (accessed October 25, 2018).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Alexei Samoilowitsch: Самойлович Александр Николаевич (accessed October 25, 2018).
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Russian Academy of Sciences: Самойлович Александр Николаевич (accessed October 25, 2018).
4. ↑ ^{a b} Институт восточных рукописей РАН: Александр Николаевич Самойлович (accessed October 25, 2018).
5. ↑ Gusterin PW : Восточный факультет Военной академии РККА им. М. В. Фрунзе . LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken 2014, ISBN 978-3-659-37302-2 , p. 16 .
6. ↑ Ашнин Ф. Д. , Алпатов В. М .: Архивные документы о гибели академика А. Н. Самойловича . In: ВОСТОК . No. 5 , 1996, pp. 153–162 ( ihst.ru [PDF; accessed October 25, 2018]).