Alexander Vladimirovich Sakharchenko

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Alexander Sachartschenko in June 2015
Signature of Alexander Sakharchenko

Alexander Zakharchenko ( Russian Александр Владимирович Захарченко ; Ukrainian Олександр Володимирович Захарченко * 26. June 1976 in Donetsk , † 31 August 2018 ibid) was head of the self-proclaimed and internationally unrecognized Donetsk People's Republic .

Life

Sachartschenko, the son of a miner , graduated from the Donetsk technical center for industrial automation with distinction. He broke off studying at the Donetsk Legal Institute. He began working as an electrician in the mining industry and then went into business. According to media reports, he acted u. a. with illegally mined coal.

In 2010 Sakharchenko joined the pro-Russian organization “Oplot” (Bulwark) from Kharkiv , which combined martial arts and political action. From 2013 he was head of the Donzeker department at Oplot. With the beginning of the Euromaidan protests, Sakharchenko took part in the counter-demonstrations, the so-called anti-Maidan .

In the wake of the war in Ukraine , he and other Oplot members took part in the storming of the Donetsk regional administration building on April 16, 2014. Together with other demonstrators, they called for a referendum on the future status of Donetsk Oblast .

Oplot quickly took a leading role in the local separatist movement; Sakharchenko was installed in May 2014 with the rank of major as military commander of Donetsk and then "Deputy Minister of the Interior of the Donetsk People's Republic". He took part in fighting himself and, according to Russian media, was wounded on July 22, 2014 near the village of Kozhevnya.

On August 8, 2014, Sakharchenko replaced the Russian Alexander Borodai as the leader of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. 50 MPs voted for the candidacy with one vote against and six abstentions. Borodai became his adviser and 1st vice premier. The Russian state news agency RIA Novosti reported on 30 August 2014 shots were given to Sachartschenkos vehicle through which his driver was wounded, Zakharchenko was, however, even unhurt.

He took part in the negotiations of the OSCE Contact Group and announced on September 5, 2014, together with the former Ukrainian President, Leonid Kuchma , the OSCE envoy, Heidi Tagliavini , the Russian ambassador to Ukraine, Mikhail Zurabov and the militia leader of the People's Republic Luhansk , Igor Plotnitski , the Minsk Protocol , in which u. a. a truce was agreed. At the end of January 2015, the OSCE made the People's Republic and Sakharchenko's and Plotnitski's absence from the talks responsible for another failure in the implementation of the September ceasefire agreement, with a degree of clarity that is otherwise unusual in diplomacy.

On October 11, 2014, Sakharchenko was the first candidate for the post of head of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. On November 2, contrary to the efforts of the OSCE Contact Group, “so-called elections” took place in the proclaimed People's Republics of Donetsk and Lugansk, as the OSCE wording. The OSCE ruled out any observation of the process because it jeopardized the peace plan; This opinion was shared by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon , whose address and statements consistently put the word “elections” in quotation marks or used the term “ so-called elections”. While the ballot papers were being counted, Sachartschenko was confirmed as "head of the republic". After more than half of the votes had been counted by early morning, Sakharchenko was unassailable. The result of 75.6 percent for Sacharchenko was only respected by Russia, but expressly not recognized.

He was placed on the European Union's sanctions list on September 12, 2014 .

On August 31, 2018, Sakharchenko died in an explosion in the “Separ” restaurant in the center of Donetsk. According to the Russian media, the restaurant belonged to his senior bodyguard and was not far from Sachartchenko's residence. Sakharchenko joins a list of leading figures of the separatists who were killed in attacks, including Arsen Pavlov (fighting name "Motorola"), Mikhail Tolstych (fighting name "Giwi") and Alexander Bednow (fighting name "Batman"). On the same day, the Russian Foreign Ministry blamed Ukraine, canceled all Minsk-II- format talks and later requested an investigation. On the same evening, Russian President Putin expressed his condolences and called the circumstances that led to Sakharchenko's death a “cowardly murder”. Ukraine and the independent Russian investigative newspaper Novaya Gazeta , however, had announced that the attack had been preceded by a conflict between the commanders and their Russian supporters. Nor can it be ruled out that Russian security services saw an opportunity to replace Sakharchenko, who had become a nuisance for Russia, that had already been an issue in the previous weeks and until after his assassination Russia had shown no interest in the “elections sought by the separatists " to support. The previous Deputy Prime Minister Dmitri Trapesnikov has been appointed “Interim President” in succession to Sakharchenko.

At his public funeral in Donetsk, between 30,000 and 100,000 people, depending on the estimate, appeared. Sacharchenko was married and the father of four sons. Sacharchenko's successor, Denis Pushilin , was brought to Moscow before the appointment.

Human rights violations

Since the beginning of the war, several enforced disappearances have occurred in the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. Sakharchenko said his units would arrest up to five Ukrainian “subversives” a day. The Center for Release of Captives estimates that over 632 people were illegally detained by separatist forces in December 2014. On June 2, 2017, the freelance journalist Stanislaw Assjejew was arrested. At first, the authorities of the so-called Donetsk People's Republic denied knowing Aseev's whereabouts until they confirmed on July 16 that he had been arrested for espionage. Amnesty International unsuccessfully requested Sakharchenko to release the journalist. Only after Sachartschenko's death was Assjeev released as part of a prisoner exchange.

Political positions

In 2014, during the first “elections” of the Donetsk People's Republic, Sakharchenko stated that his goal was to build a “normal […], a good and just” state. He named raising the pension level to that of Poland as a long-term goal. Without war, the resource-rich Donbass could one day become as wealthy as the United Arab Emirates .

Russian expansion

On August 26, 2014, Sacharchenko declared that he was ruling out a federal Ukraine and only advocating a separate and independent Donetsk People's Republic.

In January 2015 he announced that he wanted to conquer more areas of Ukraine. “We have to get back all the territories that belong to us. Be it through negotiations or in some other way, ”he said. This includes, for example, the port city of Mariupol .

In an interview disseminated via YouTube in 2016 , Sachartschenko said: In relation to the future, he was talking “not just about Kiev”. “It's not even about just taking Berlin. One has to go beyond that and take all of Britain as such. The whole misfortune of our fate as Russians, that is the Anglo-Saxons. "After the capture of Great Britain, however, the" golden age of Russia "will begin. Sakharchenko called for “the entire territory that the Russian Empire has lost to be brought under control”. In addition to the Baltic states, these areas also include Finland, part of Poland, Moldova, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan as well as the Central Asian republics. Russia must "get everything" it "should have got" at the beginning of the Crimean War (1853 to 1856). During this war, troops of the Russian Empire occupied areas in what is now Romania , and Russia asked the Ottoman Empire to recognize the Russian Tsar as the protector of the Holy Land .

Accusation of anti-Semitism

In a conference broadcast on Russian state television in February 2015, Sakharchenko declared that Kiev was ruled by “poor representatives of the great Jewish people ”. The rulers in Kiev did not deserve to lead the descendants of the Cossacks and Taras Shevchenko "would turn in his grave in the face of such leaders". Sacharchenko's view that Ukraine is ruled by Jews differs from the version circulated in Russian state media that Ukraine is ruled by fascists.

Web links

Commons : Alexander Sachartschenko  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Alexander Sakharchenko confirmed as Prime Minister of the Donetsk People's Republic. August 9, 2014, accessed August 27, 2014 (Russian).
  2. ↑ a b eastern Ukraine, "Donetsk People's Republic" declared readiness to cease fire. RIA Novosti , August 9, 2014, accessed August 27, 2014 .
  3. ↑ Lenin supporter Sakharchenko: This is the new "President" of Donetsk. Focus Online , November 2, 2014, accessed November 9, 2014 .
  4. ↑ There is talk of it: the new Prime Minister of the “VRD” was an electrician with three children. Polit-Rada, August 8, 2014, accessed August 27, 2014 (Russian).
  5. ↑ a b The front men of the separatists . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , 13 February 2015, p. 3
  6. ↑ https://www.rbc.ru/politics/31/08/2018/5b897cf29a79474ca496deb7
  7. ↑ http://svpressa.ru/persons/aleksandr-zaharchenko/
  8. ^ "Donetsk People's Republic" gets a new leader. (No longer available online.) Stern, August 8, 2014, archived from the original on August 11, 2014 ; accessed on August 27, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stern.de
  9. ↑ Matveeva, Anna (2017), Through times of trouble, conflict in Southeastern Ukraine explained from within, Lexington Books, p. 103, ISBN 978-1-4985-4323-1
  10. ↑ An attack was carried out on the Prime Minister of the VRD and one person was injured. RIA Novosti, August 30, 2014, accessed August 30, 2014 (Russian).
  11. ↑ Ukraine deal with pro-Russian rebels at Minsk talks , BBC, September 20, 2014
  12. ↑ The OSCE criticizes the separatists . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , February 2, 2015.
  13. ^ Prime Minister of the DPR Zakharchenko presented the signatures of the voters to the Central Electoral Commission. RIA Novosti, October 11, 2014, accessed October 11, 2014 (Russian).
  14. ↑ So-called elections not in line with Minsk Protocol, says OSCE Chair, calling for enhanced efforts and dialogue to implement all commitments , OSCE, October 31, 2014
  15. ↑ Address by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon - put “elections” in quotation marks OCZE, November 4, 2014
  16. ↑ Ukraine: Ban deplores planned holding of November 'elections' by rebel groups , UNO News Center, October 29, 2014
  17. ^ Office of the Spokesperson for United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon; Photo of the quotation marks from Ban Ki-moon , Nov. 4, 2014
  18. ↑ Eastern Ukraine: An election result as in Real Socialism Spiegel Online from November 3, 2014, viewed on November 3, 2014
  19. ^ The Kremlin does not recognize the elections but "respects" them ( Memento of November 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ); on tvi.ua on November 7, 2014, accessed on November 7, 2014
  20. ↑ Separatists see themselves strengthened after the elections in Eastern Ukraine. Zeit Online, November 3, 2014, accessed November 9, 2014 .
  21. ↑ Ukraine crisis: rebel leader wins elections in eastern Ukraine. Focus Online, November 4, 2014, accessed November 9, 2014 .
  22. ↑ Head of the VRD Sachartschenko is on the EU's new sanctions list. RIA Novosti, September 12, 2014, accessed September 12, 2014 (Russian).
  23. ↑ В Донецке убит глава ДНР Александр Захарченко ( Eng . In Donetsk, the chairman of the DNR Alexander Sachartschenko was killed). In: Novaya Gazeta , August 31, 2018.
  24. ↑ Захарченко погиб при взрыве в Донецке. Подробности ( Eng . Sakharchenko died in an explosion in Donetsk. Details ). In: Kommersant , August 31, 2018.
  25. ↑ Захар, "Моторола", "Гиви", "Бэтмен" и другие (German Sachar, "Motorola", "Giwi", "Batman" and others ). In: Novaya Gazeta , August 31, 2018.
  26. ↑ a b c Second Person Dies In Donetsk Cafe Blast That Killed Separatist Leader Zakharchenko . In: Radio Free Europe , September 1, 2018.
  27. ↑ The leader of the People's Democratic Republic, Alexander Zakharchenko, was killed in Donetsk , Novaya Gazeta, August 31, 2018 (Russian)
  28. ↑ Russia consolidates its control over the Donbass , NZZ , November 13, 2018, page 3, title of the print edition
  29. ↑ И.о. главы ДНР назначили зампреда правительства республики Дмитрия Трапезникова ( Eng . As chairman of DNR Dmitri Trapesnikov was appointed the deputy prime minister ). In: Novaya Gazeta , August 31, 2018.
  30. ↑ https://www.rferl.org/a/tens-of-thousands-attend-funeral-for-slain-ukraine-separatist-leader-zakharchenko/29466598.html
  31. ^ Christian Neef, Notstandsgebiete , in: Der Spiegel , November 10, 2018, p. 91.
  32. ↑ Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine: 1 December 2014 to 15 February 2015 (PDF) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. March 2, 2015. Accessed March 3, 2015.
  33. ↑ Urgent Action: Imprisoned Journalist Must Be Released. Amnesty International , July 21, 2017, accessed February 10, 2018 .
  34. ↑ Eastern Ukraine: What the prisoner exchange means .
  35. ↑ https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-east/east-ukraine-separatists-hold-vote-to-gain-legitimacy-promise-normalcy-idUSKBN0IJ22G20141030
  36. ↑ http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/5c07e26c-59f4-11e4-9787-00144feab7de.html#slide0
  37. ↑ Prime Minister of the VRD: We are only considering independence from Ukraine. Information portal of the Donetsk People's Republic, August 26, 2014, accessed on August 27, 2014 (Russian).
  38. ↑ Ukraine crisis: separatist leader rejects talks with Kiev , Spiegel, January 23, 2015.
  39. ↑ A Lenin supporter on the way to becoming a «President» . In: Tagesanzeiger , November 2, 2014.
  40. ↑ FAZ.net / Konrad Schuller December 7, 2016: Madness and Reality in Donetsk
  41. ↑ Jutta Sommerbauer: Ukraine: The anti-Semitism of the separatists . In: Die Presse , February 3, 2015.
  42. ↑ Anti-Semitic commentary: separatist leader mocks Ukrainian government . In: N24 , February 3, 2015.
  43. ↑ Propaganda in the Ukraine conflict: the Kremlin exposes itself . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung , February 5, 2015.
personal data
SURNAME Sacharchenko, Alexander Vladimirovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Захарченко, Александр Владимирович (Russian spelling); Захарченко, Олександр Володимирович (Ukrainian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian Prime Minister of the Donetsk People's Republic
DATE OF BIRTH June 26, 1976
PLACE OF BIRTH Donetsk
DATE OF DEATH August 31, 2018
Place of death Donetsk