Allophylastrum frutescens
| Allophylastrum frutescens | ||||||||||||
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Illustration of a branch of Allophylastrum frutescens with leaves and fruits |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Allophylastrum | ||||||||||||
| Acev.-Rodr. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Allophylastrum frutescens | ||||||||||||
| Acev.-Rodr. |
Allophylastrum frutescens is the only species of the monotypical plant genus Allophylastrum in the subfamily of the Sapindoideae within the family of the soap tree plants (Sapindaceae). It occurs in northern South America.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Allophylastrum frutescens grows as a woody shrub or small tree , which can reach heights of up to 7 meters. The brown bark of the stem-round branches is hairless and has elongated and grayish-colored lenticels .
The triply pinnate, alternately arranged leaves stand on a 1.6 to 4.5 centimeter long, finely downy hairy petiole that is flat on the upper side. The paper-like leaflets are 6 to 10.8 inches long and 1.3 to 3.4 inches wide and have a wedge-shaped, blunt and pointed to unevenly shaped base and a pointed to pointed upper end. The leaf margins are serrated. Stipules are missing.
Inflorescences and flowers
The axillary flowers stand alone or in a 1 to 2 centimeter long, racemose inflorescence.
The unisexual and radially symmetrical are on a 0.8 to 1 centimeter long and undivided flower stalk. The four fluffy hairy sepals are obovate with a length of about 0.2 centimeters with a rounded tip and stand in two rows. The petals are completely missing. The cup-shaped disc is hairless and has a more or less frayed edge. Five to six stamens are formed per flower . The stamens that have grown together at their base are hairless and are 0.4 to 0.5 centimeters long. The two-chamber ovary each has a single ovule on each chamber. The approximately spherical to square or pentagonal pollen have a wrinkled surface and are 24.57 to 31.96 micrometers long and 21.86 to 28.10 micrometers wide. They have four to five pore openings, making Allophylastrum frutescens the first known representative of the soap tree family to produce five-pore pollen.
Fruits and seeds
The split fruits consist of one or two partial fruits that have grown together at the base. The red exocarp is thin and fleshy while the endocarp is more or less woody. The seeds are about 1 centimeter long and obovate in shape and have a paper-like seed coat . An aril is missing.
Distribution and occurrence
The natural range of Allophylastrum frutescens is in northern South America, the exact distribution is not known. There are deposits not far from the city of Boa Vista in the Brazilian state of Roraima and in Guyana .
Allophylastrum frutescens grows in terra firme forests.
Systematics
It was first described as Allophylastrum frutescens in 2011 by Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez in PhytoKeys , number 5, page 40. During his work on the Sapindoideae family , Acevedo-Rodríguez discovered several herbarium specimens of a new species that resembled members of the genus Allophylus , but differed in terms of morphology the flowers and inflorescences differed greatly from these. Acevedo-Rodríguez therefore placed this new species in the genus Allophylastrum , also newly described by him , which he regards as a sister group to Allophylus .
swell
- Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez: Allophylastrum: a new genus of Sapindaceae from northern South America . In: PhytoKeys . No. 5 , 2011, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 39-43 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.5.1684 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez: Allophylastrum: a new genus of Sapindaceae from northern South America . In: PhytoKeys . No. 5 , 2011, ISSN 1314-2003 , p. 39-43 , doi : 10.3897 / phytokeys.5.1684 .
