AH Tammsaare
AH Tammsaare (pseudonym, of which there are other variants; birth name Anton Hansen , * January 18 jul. / January 30, 1878 greg. On the farm Tammsaare in the municipality of Albu ; † March 1, 1940 in Tallinn ) was an Estonian writer , whose five-part novel cycle Tõde ja õigus ( Truth and Law ; 1926–1933) is considered one of the essential works of Estonian literature .
biography
Tammsaare was born as a farmer's son in the Järvamaa ( Jerwen ) region, in the Albu ( Alp ) municipality . He came from a poor background, but was able to raise enough money for his education. He went in Väike-Maarja ( Kl. Skt. Mary ) and in the gymnasium of Hugo Treffner in Tartu ( Tartu ) to school and then studied law at the University of Tartu . His studies were interrupted by a tuberculosis disease. He spent over a year in a sanatorium near Sochi in the Caucasus and then six more years on his brother Jüri's farm in Koitjärve . During this time he read works by Cervantes , Shakespeare and Homer .
In 1919, immediately after Estonia became independent, Tammsaare married Käthe-Amalie Weltman (1896–1979) and moved to Tallinn . Here he wrote the works that should bring him a permanent place in Estonian literature. Although Tammsaare drew his themes from the history and life of the Estonian people, his novels are closely related to the ideas of Henri Bergson , Carl Gustav Jung and Sigmund Freud and writers such as Knut Hamsun and André Gide . Tammsaare was a member of the artist group Noor-Eesti (Young Estonia), which was directed against the cultural dominance of Russia .
bibliography
Tammsaare's early works are characterized by naturalistic and rural realism . Some of his stories reflect the atmosphere of the revolutionary year 1905. The years between 1908 and 1919, in which he wrote various city novels and short stories, are considered to be his second creative period . In Poiss ja liblik (The Boy and the Butterfly, 1915), Tammsaare shows the influences of Oscar Wilde . Later he turned to neorealism and existentialism .
Truth and Law comprises five volumes:
- 1: Wargamae
- 2: Indrek
- 3: When the storm is silent
- 4: Karin's love
- 5: Return to Wargamae
For the German and Latvian translations, Tammsaare shortened the third volume so that it appeared combined with volume 2. In Estonia, the second volume with its lesson scenes from an educational institution (the encrypted Treffner high school ) in Tartu is the most popular. International literary critics consider the first volume to be the strongest; it is a classic farmer's novel that, reminiscent of Hamsun , tells the most about the Estonian character, particularly embodied in the juxtaposition of the two peasants Andres and Pearu. Tammsaare himself later said that the various volumes dealt with the relationship between people (or those in action) 1. to the country, 2. to God, 3. to the state and society, 4. to oneself and 5. resignation. Of truth and justice , there are two German total expenditure (s. Bibliography below), the first of which also combines the volumes 2 and 3.
His novel Põrgupõhja uus Vanapagan (Satan with a forged passport, 1939) was widely distributed internationally alongside “Truth and Law”.
Selected works
- Kaks paari ja üksainus , 1902 - Two couples and one single
- Vanad ja noored , 1903 - old and young
- Raha-auk , 1907 - The money pit
- Uurimisel , 1907 - In anticipation
- Pikad sammud , 1908 - Big steps
- Üle piiri , 1910 - Across the border
- Noored hinged , 1909 - Young ghosts
- Poiss ja liblik , 1915 - The boy and the butterfly
- Keelest ja luulest , 1915 - About language and poetry
- Kärbes , 1917 - The fly
- Varjundid , 1917 - The Outlines of the Shadows
- Sõjamõtted , 1919 - Thoughts of War
- Juudit , 1921 - Judith
- Kõrboja peremees , 1922 - The farmer from Kõrboja
- Pöialpoiss , 1923 - The Thumbnail
- Sic Transit , 1924
- Tõde ja õigus IV , 1926–33 - Truth and Justice, Volumes 1–5
- Meie rebane , 1932 - Our fox
- Elu ja armastus , 1934 - Life and love
- Ma armastasin sakslast , 1935 - I loved a German
- Kuningal on külm , 1936 - The king freezes
- Hiina ja hiinlane , 1938 - China and a Chinese
- Põrgupõhja uus Vanapagan , 1939 - Satan with a forged passport
- Miniatures , 1977
- Kogutud teosed , 1977–1993 (18 volumes) - Collected Works
Web links
- Literature by and about AH Tammsaare in the catalog of the German National Library
- linnamuuseum.ee - Who is AH Tammsaare? (engl.)
- Tammsaare and Wargamäe are shown on the Estonian 25 kroon note: bankofestonia.info
See also
- Johann Anton Joseph Hansen , after whom u. a. the Anton-Hansen-Straße and the Anton-Hansen-Schule in Ottweiler are named
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry in the baptismal register of the parish Sankt Matthäi (Estonian: Järva-Madise kogudus)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tammsaare, AH |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hansen, Anton (real name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Estonian writer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 30, 1878 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Albu |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 1, 1940 |
| Place of death | Tallinn |