Armandina Maria Gusmão dos Santos

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Armandina Maria Gusmão dos Santos (born March 22, 1956 in Ossu , Portuguese Timor ) is a politician and diplomat from East Timor .

family

Armandina is the sixth of eight children. She has two grown brothers and four sisters, one sibling died in childhood. She is the sister of freedom fighter and politician Xanana Gusmão . The founder of the Congresso Nacional da Reconstrução Timorense (CNRT) party was, among other things, the President and Prime Minister of East Timor. The younger brother Manuel Higino Gusmão is president of the Partido Esperança da Pátria (PEP) registered in 2017 .

The Gusmãos come from the Timorese ethnic groups of Galoli , Makasae and Midiki and were simple farmers. However, the Catholic parents, Antonia Hendrique Gusmão and Manuel Gusmão, received training in Catholic schools and were catechists . The father died after illness at the age of 83 in Dili on December 24, 1999. Reports that he had already been murdered during the 1999 crisis had proven to be false.

Armandina's son, Nilton Gusmão dos Santos, is a successful entrepreneur and president of the Liga Futebol Amadora .

Career

On December 7th, 1975 Armandina Gusmão experienced the Indonesian invasion with some siblings in Dili's district of Vila Verde .

Xanana Gusmão was part of the military resistance from the start and from 1981 was commander of the Forças Armadas de Libertação Nacional de Timor-Leste (FALINTIL). Armandina married Gilman Exposto dos Santos (1956-2019), who belonged to the União Democrática Timorense (UDT). The party was at times on the side of the Indonesians . The couple had little contact with Xanana Gusmão. Armandina was a dance teacher, later a private secretary to the Indonesian governor Mário Viegas Carrascalão and her husband worked for a Catholic aid organization. On November 20, 1992, Xanana Gusmão was captured by the Indonesians. On the same day, the Kopassus arrested Armandina, her husband and two of their children (13 and 15 years old). Of all of Xanana Gusmao's relatives, Armandina was held the longest. She was tortured here several times by Kopassus soldiers.

In the run-up to the independence referendum in East Timor in 1999 , Armandina Gusmão was active as an independence activist in the Organisação Mulher Timorense (OMT), including in the underground radio program Matebian Lian, the pro- independence supporter. She was brought to the British embassy in Jakarta to protect her from the last wave of violence by the Indonesians .

Armandina Gusmão entered the constituent assembly for the Partido Social Democrata (PSD) in the elections on August 30, 2001 , but did not take her seat. To 2016 she was the East Timorese Consul General in Sydney ( Australia ). In 2019, Prime Minister Taur Matan Ruak appointed Gusmão as the new East Timorese ambassador to Thailand , but President Francisco Guterres has not yet confirmed it.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Jawa Pos .: Armandina Gusmao Interview , December 6, 1992 ( memento of January 26, 2005 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on June 6, 2017.
  2. ^ Government of Timor-Leste: Biography Kay Rala Xanana Gusmão
  3. ^ A b South East Asia Digital Library: Interview with Armandina Gusão , Northern Illinois University , accessed April 27, 2020.
  4. ↑ Sara Niner: Xanana Thesis Chapter 1: 1946-78 , accessed June 9, 2017.
  5. ↑ The Associated Press: Manuel Gusmao, 83, of East Timor , accessed June 9, 2017.
  6. ↑ SAPO: Morreu presidente do partido UDT , November 25, 2019 , accessed on November 26, 2019.
  7. ↑ James J. Fox, Dionisio Babo-Soares: Out of the Ashes: Destruction and Reconstruction of East Timor , 2003. Limited preview in the Google Book search.
  8. ^ The Guardian: UN nears deal on E Timor troops , September 15, 1999 , accessed April 27, 2020.
  9. ^ ETAN: List of elected representatives, September 9, 2001 , accessed on April 27, 2020.
  10. ↑ List of MPs in the National Parliament of East Timor ( Memento of September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ).
  11. ↑ Annemarie Devereux: Timor-Leste's Bill of Rights: A Preliminary History , ANU Press 2015, limited preview in Google book search.
  12. ^ Government of East Timor: Embaixadas de Timor-Leste , accessed on July 6, 2016.
  13. ↑ PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC ENACTS LAW ON THE RAEOA-ZEESM , August 18, 2019 , accessed on September 21, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Gusmão dos Santos, Armandina Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gusmão, Armandina Maria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION East Timorese politician and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH March 22, 1956
PLACE OF BIRTH Ossu , Portuguese Timor