Adolph Woermann (ship, 1888)
Adolph Woermann (II)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg){kind=small}
The second Adolph Woermann of the Woermann Line was created in 1896 by renaming the mail steamer Belgrano, which was purchased by the Hamburg South American Steamship Company (HSDG), for passenger, freight and mail services to the West African German protected areas Togo and Cameroon .
The Belgrano was built in 1888 by the Reiherstieg shipyard for Hamburg-Süd and its Brazilian traffic. In 1906 the ship was renamed again. In order to free the name of the company boss Adolph Woermann for one of the new Reichspostdampfer on the "Around Africa" line, it was now Frieda Woermann .
In 1914, Frieda Woermann called Bahia on August 4th as a protective port. There the ship was confiscated by the Brazilian government in 1917 and put back into service as a Macapa . In 1927 the ship became the property of the state shipping company Lloyd Brasileiro . In 1934 the 46-year-old ship was scrapped in Spain.
history
Since 1880 the trading company "C. Woermann ”started shipping to Africa with steamers in 1849. The first also offered space for 15 to 20 passengers. From 1893 onwards, the shipping company "Woermann-Linie GmbH" (WL), now separated from the trading company, served almost every port on the West African coast between Morocco and Angola with four lines . Passenger traffic increased considerably from 85 people in 1885 and the shipping company acquired ships with a passenger facility for over 100 passengers for the first time.
The shipping company acquired two mail steamers from Hamburg-Süd in 1896. The Belgrano , built in 1888 by the Reiherstieg shipyard, was the first ship to enter the service of WL in May as Adolph Woermann , named after the head of the shipping company, which was then followed in July by the San Nicolas from the same shipyard as Lothar Bohlen . They came from a series of 19 mail steamers operated by Hamburg-Süd, which they had built between 1886 and 1895 at Armstrong (4), the Reiherstieg shipyard (8) and Blohm & Voss (7). Between 1896 and 1905 Hamburg-Süd gave the majority of these ships to other German shipping companies; only the last three ships were still owned by Hamburg-Süd in 1914 in Patagonia service, the last completed Argentina as President Miter under the Argentine flag.
The Woermann-Linie also acquired three more ships of this class from Hamburg-Süd. In 1898 the Montevideo then Helene Woermann as a replacement for Lothar Bohlen , who was lost due to stranding . In 1902 Buenos Aires then Ascan Woermann and in 1904 Rosario then Erich Woermann . The Helene Woermann and Erich Woermann were in 1907 as part of the joint business with Hapag delivered to the new partner, who until the beginning of World War I as Lome and Togo started on to West Africa.
From 1900 the Woermann Line also commissioned passenger ships as newbuildings.
Building history
The Adolph Woermann ex Belgrano was built under the construction number 368 at the Reiherstieg shipyard. After being launched in March 1888 as the 6th ship of the new mail steamer series of Hamburg-Süd, the shipyard delivered the ship, measured at 2578 GRT, on June 2nd, 1888 as its 3rd new build. Compared to its two predecessors, the Belgrano was four meters longer at 98.3 m. Upon completion, the ship's passenger facility was designed for 40 first class passengers and 240 in the tween deck. This largely corresponded to the sister ships. In the middle of the ship, the steamers had a relatively small and low deckhouse. The stern had a relatively long deckhouse as in all ships of this class. In addition to the triple expansion engine of 1550 hp, which allowed a cruising speed of up to 11.5 knots (kn) , the ship was also rigged as a brigantine . The replacement of this type of ship as the main carrier of the line traffic on the Hamburg-Süd took place from 1895 by the new mail steamers of the Asuncion class .
Mission history
The Belgrano began her maiden voyage on June 15, 1888 from Hamburg to La Plata in San Nicolas . Until it was sold on May 25, 1896, it remained in service on the main Hamburg-Süd lines. She and her sister ship the San Nicolas , also sold to Woermann-Linie, were the first ships of the series to be handed over by Hamburg-Süd.
Under the name of Adolph Woermann , the ship with 2448 GRT was then used as the largest of the WL to West Africa. The first Adolph Woermann previously used by the WL was a 1687 GRT steamer built by Blohm & Voss and with space for 31 passengers, which was delivered in 1886 and ran aground and sank off Nifou on February 2, 1894 .
The passenger facility of the new Adolph Woermann was converted into three classes for 124 passengers. The mission took place together with the sister ship, renamed Lothar Bohlen , which was lost due to stranding on May 29, 1898 off Cap Palmas on the way to Accra .
It was replaced by Helene Woermann (ex Montevideo ) built by Blohm & Voss . In the service of the WL, the rigging on the foremast was removed. By 1904, the fleet of the former Hamburg-Süd mail steamers grew to four units, which were also used as troop transports and transporters by indigenous auxiliaries during the Herero uprising .
To clear the name of the head of the company for the largest ship of the WL (6268 BRT) under construction, the second Adolph Woermann was renamed Frieda Woermann in 1906 .
In 1907 Helene Woermann and Erich Woermann (ex Rosario , Bj. 1893), acquired in 1904, were handed over to the new partner as part of the joint venture with Hapag , who continued to use them as Lome and Togo in West Africa until the beginning of the First World War . Ascan Woermann (ex Buenos Aires , built in 1893), acquired in 1902, was lost on January 9, 1908 before Grand-Bassam due to stranding.
After the outbreak of war in 1914, Frieda Woermann called Bahia on August 4th as a protective port. There she was moored with the German ships Rauenfels , Steiermark and Santa Lucia and two Austrian steamers. In July 1917 the ship was confiscated by the Brazilian government like the other 43 German ships in Brazil. Four more ships from the Woermann Line - Gertrud Woermann (6465 BRT), Henny Woermann (6082 BRT), Carl Woermann (5715 BRT), Arnold Amsinck (4526 BRT) - were confiscated. The crew damaged the ship's engine before they had to evacuate Frieda Woermann .
In 1920 the ship, named after the capital Macapá of the Brazilian state of Amapá, returned to service. The Macapa passed into the ownership of the Brazilian state shipping company Lloyd Brasileiro in 1927 . In 1934 the 46-year-old ship was scrapped in Spain.
| Fate of the sister ships bought by Woermann | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surname | Shipyard | GRT | Launched in service |
further fate | |
|
Lothar Bohlen until 1896: San Nicolas |
Reiherstieg shipyard building no. 369 |
2515 | .08.1888 17.10.1888 |
Stranded May 29, 1898 and largely rescued loss, passengers and cargo | |
|
Helene Woermann until 1898: Montevideo |
Blohm & Voss building no. 58 |
2583 | August 8, 1888 January 8, 1889 |
April 30, 1907 to Hapag als Lome , sunk in the Douala as a block ship in 1914 , lifted and repaired in the British service Africshore in 1915 , run aground and sunk under the Turkish flag Sakarya in 1924 , May 19, 1943 | |
|
Ascan Woermann to 1902: Buenos Aires |
Blohm & Voss building no. 94 |
3184 | 2.03.1893 April 20, 1893 |
January 9, 1908 total loss after being stranded | |
|
Erich Woermann to 1904: Rosario |
Blohm & Voss building no. 95 |
3184 | 15.04.1893 05.27.1893 |
May 2, 1907 to Hapag as Togo , 1914 refuge in Sao Vicente , confiscated in 1916 and sunk as Brava under the Portuguese flag, September 3, 1918 by UB 125 | |
Web links
- List of German ships confiscated in Brazil in 1917 (Portuguese, accessed February 19, 2014)
literature
- Carl Herbert: War voyages of German merchant ships . Broschek & Co, Hamburg 1934.
- Arnold Kludas : The ships of the German Africa Lines 1880 to 1945 . Verlag Gerhard Stalling, 1975, ISBN 3-7979-1867-4 .
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping, Volume I, The Pioneering Years from 1850 to 1890 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 18
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping Volume II Expansion on All Seas 1890 to 1900 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 19
- Arnold Kludas: The History of the German Passenger Shipping Volume III Leap growth 1900 to 1914 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 20
- Arnold Kludas: The History of German Passenger Shipping Volume IV Destruction and Rebirth 1914 to 1930 , Writings of the German Shipping Museum, Volume 21
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kludas: Ships of the Africa Lines , p. 9f.
- ↑ Kludas: Ships of the Africa Lines , p. 28f.
- ↑ a b Kludas: Ships of Hamburg-Süd , pp. 22 to 32.
- ↑ Kludas: Ships of the Africa Lines , p. 29f.
- ↑ Kludas: Ships of the Africa Lines , p. 52
- ↑ Kludas: Ships of the Africa Lines , p. 55
- ↑ Kludas: Passenger Shipping, Vol. III pp. 145, 151
- ↑ a b c d Kludas: Ships Hamburg-Süd , p. 24
- ^ German Steamer lost New York Times, June 3, 1898
- ^ Loss of the Ascan Woermann
- ↑ Fall of the Sakarya
- ^ Fall of the Brava