Aschach (river)

Aschach
Mouth of the Aschach (below) into the Innbach
Data
location	Upper Austria
River system	Danube
Drain over	Innbach  → Danube  → Black Sea
origin	Confluence of the Dürrer and Fauler Aschach rivers 48 ° 19 ′ 13 ″  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 31 ″  E
Source height	approx.  365  m above sea level A.
muzzle	below Eferding in the Innbach Coordinates: 48 ° 18 '19 "  N , 14 ° 5' 58"  E 48 ° 18 '19 "  N , 14 ° 5' 58"  E
Mouth height	264  m above sea level A.
Height difference	approx. 101 m
Bottom slope	approx. 2.9 ‰
length	35 km
Catchment area	358 km²
Discharge at the Kropfmühle A Eo gauge: 312.2 km². Location: 24.5 km above the mouth	NNQ (08/28/2003) MNQ 1976–2009 MQ 1976–2009 Mq 1976–2009 MHQ 1976–2009 HHQ (08/12/2002)	270 l / s 1 m³ / s 4.43 m³ / s 14.2 l / (s km²) 109 m³ / s 290 m³ / s
Left tributaries	Leitenbach , Sandbach
Right tributaries	Michaelnbach, Prambach
Residents in the catchment area	approx. 33,000

Drought Aschach
Drought Aschach near Holzleithen
Data
River system	Danube
Drain over	Aschach → Innbach  → Danube  → Black Sea
source	near Pauredt (Gde. Wendling) 48 ° 15 ′ 1 ″  N , 13 ° 38 ′ 8 ″  E
Source height	approx.  430  m above sea level A.
confluence	at Niederspaching with the Faulen Aschach 48 ° 19 ′ 13 ″  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 31 ″  E
Mouth height	365  m above sea level A.
Height difference	approx. 65 m
Bottom slope	approx. 3.8 ‰
length	approx. 17 km
Discharge at the Neumarkt gauge in the Hausruckkreis A Eo : 25.8 km² Location: 8.15 km above the mouth	NNQ (17.09.1994) MNQ 1971–2009 MQ 1971–2009 Mq 1971–2009 MHQ 1971–2009 HHQ (18.07.1997)	7 l / s 60 l / s 340 l / s 13.2 l / (s km²) 11.8 m³ / s 38.6 m³ / s

Lazy Aschach
Lazy Aschach near Niederaching
Data
River system	Danube
Drain over	Aschach → Innbach  → Danube  → Black Sea
source	at Endt (Gde. Kallham) 48 ° 17 ′ 27 ″  N , 13 ° 40 ′ 23 ″  E
Source height	approx.  430  m above sea level A.
confluence	at Niederspaching with the Dürren Aschach 48 ° 19 ′ 13 ″  N , 13 ° 48 ′ 31 ″  E
Mouth height	365  m above sea level A.
Height difference	approx. 65 m
Bottom slope	approx. 4.6 ‰
length	approx. 14 km
Discharge at the Edtmühle A Eo gauge : 56.4 km² Location: 880 m above the mouth	NNQ (08/19/1991) MNQ 1981–2009 MQ 1981–2009 Mq 1981–2009 MHQ 1981–2009 HHQ (07/18/1997)	2 l / s 150 l / s 750 l / s 13.3 l / (s km²) 26.2 m³ / s 78.4 m³ / s

The Aschach is a river in Upper Austria in the districts of Grieskirchen and Eferding . It arises from the union of the Dürren Aschach and the Lazy Aschach and, together with Trattnach and Innbach, is part of the water system that drains the northern Hausruck directly to the Danube .

course

The Aschach drought has its source at around 430 m above sea level near the village of Pauredt in the Wendling community . It then flows in a north-easterly direction through Neumarkt im Hausruckkreis and Pötting .

The Faule Aschach rises near Endt in the municipality of Kallham , initially flows in an easterly, then in a northeastern direction and turns east to southeast near Bruck an der Aschach .

In Niederspaching the drought Aschach and the lazy Aschach unite to form Aschach. The Drought Aschach is 17 km long to the confluence, the Lazy Aschach almost 14 km long.

Below Waizenkirchen the breakthrough takes place through the Sauwald , the part of the Bohemian Massif south of the Danube . The Aschach has the highest gradient in its course on this section with 10 ‰. Then it flows through the Eferdinger basin , passes Hartkirchen and, a little further away, Aschach an der Donau .

Originally the Aschach flowed into the Danube near Brandstatt (municipality of Pupping ). With the construction of the Danube power plant in Aschach , its course was changed. At Pupping, part of it is directed into the so-called Aschacharm, which flows into the Innbach after 9 km below Eferding . The remainder joins the power plant's artificial channel near the original mouth. This runs parallel to the Danube and also flows into the Innbach after 9 km, just before it flows into the Danube.

Tributaries

The most important feeders are the Leitenbach (length 19 km, catchment area 75 km²) and the Sandbach (length 14 km, catchment area 44 km²), which flow into the Aschach from the left just 300 m apart below Waizenkirchen. In Punzing the Prambach flows into the Aschach.

Water flow

The mean discharge of the Aschach at the Kropfmühle gauge is 4.43 m³ / s, which corresponds to a discharge rate of 14.2 l / s · km². The highest discharge occurs in the winter months, the months with the lowest discharge are June to October. The winter pluvial runoff regime shows a moderately strong amplitude, the mean runoff in the month of March with the most discharge, at 8.37 m³ / s, is a good three times as high as in the month of September with the least discharge.

environment

From Neumarkt to Waizenkirchen, the Aschach or Aschach drought has largely been straightened and strictly regulated, as is the Eferdinger Basin. Only the breakthrough section through the Sauwald is largely natural. This part belongs to the European protected area ( Natura 2000 area) "Upper Danube and Aschach Valley".

The catchment area of ​​the Aschach is used intensively for agriculture: 41% of the catchment area is arable land, only 18% is forest. The livestock keeping per area (106  LU / km²) and thus the fertilizer accumulation represent a peak value in Upper Austria.

Due to the strong regulation, intensive agriculture and problems with wastewater disposal, the Aschach has a relatively poor water quality. Industrial companies, especially in Neumarkt (including leather and glue factories), many of which have since been closed or withdrawn, have placed a heavy burden on Aschach. In the 1960s, the Aschach drought in the upper reaches of quality class II to III, from Neumarkt to the confluence with the Faulen Aschach class IV (extremely heavily contaminated), then again class II to III. Today the drought of Aschach and the upper reaches of the Aschach have quality class II to III, after the union with the lazy Aschach the quality improves and levels off after Waizenkirchen on the quality class II.

In the area of ​​the confluence of Leitenbach and Sandbach in the municipality of Waizenkirchen, the Aschach and the lower reaches of the two feeders will be renatured in order to reduce the harmful effects caused by the regulation and to improve the water quality.

fauna

The source brooks and smaller tributaries belong to the trout region , the Aschach to the barbel and bream region . The main species of fish that occur are barbel , nose , aitel , bream , roach , rudd , carp , perch and pike . In the lower reaches of the Eferding Basin there is also the endangered female nerfling .

Surname

The name Aschach is sometimes thought to be of Celtic origin, but is probably due to mhd. Asch ( ash ) and ahe (flowing water), which means something like "river with ash trees".

Web links

Commons : Aschach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Map and water levels of the Aschach and feeder

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Office of the Upper Austrian Provincial Government (ed.): Aschach and Dürre Aschach, investigations on water quality. Status 1992 - 1994 , water protection report 9/1995 ( PDF; 128.1 MB )
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Digital Upper Austrian Room Information System (DORIS)
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2009. 117th volume. Vienna 2011, PDF (12.1 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (yearbook 2009)
4. ↑ Helmut Mader, Theo Steidl, Reinhard Wimmer: Discharge regime of Austrian rivers. Contributions to a nationwide river typology. Federal Environment Agency, monographs Volume 82, Vienna 1996, p. 100 ( PDF; 14.7 MB )
5. ↑ Office of the Upper Austrian Provincial Government (ed.): Pollinger Ache and Enknach and summary of the results of the Inn and Hausruck districts and their comparison with the central area, investigations on water quality. Status 1992-1995 . Water protection report 12/1995, Linz 1995 ( PDF; 177.4 MB )
6. ^ Office of Upper Austria. State government: water quality maps
7. ^ Ministry of Life: Renaturation of Aschach, Leitenbach and Sandbach
8. ↑ State Fisheries Association: Aschach
9. ^ Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria. Volume 19: Danube Gorge and Side Valleys. Revised Version, Lochen and Linz 2007 ( PDF; 3.8 MB )
10. ^ Office of Upper Austria. Provincial government, nature conservation department (ed.): Nature and landscape - models for Upper Austria. Volume 8: Room unit Eferdinger basin. Revised Version, Linz 2007 (PDF; 6.5 MB)
11. ↑ Ernst Neweklowsky: Aschach and the Danube shipping . In: Oberösterreichische Heimatblätter, No. 13, July-September 1959, pp. 207–242, online (PDF; 4 MB) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at