Asclepias lanceolata
| Asclepias lanceolata | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.jpg)
Asclepias lanceolata |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Asclepias lanceolata | ||||||||||||
| Walter |
Asclepias lanceolata is a species of silk plants ( Asclepias ) from the subfamily of the silk plants (Asclepiadoideae).
features
Vegetative characteristics
Asclepias lanceolata is a perennial , herbaceous , upright plant with a rhizome consisting of tuberous roots. The annual shoots are slender and unbranched to little branched, 50 to 120 cm (150 cm) high, and glabrous. They die off completely in autumn and emerge from the rhizome again in late spring. The leaves are opposite and sessile to short stalked. Only about three to six pairs of leaves are formed. The internodes are relatively long (approx. 15 to 25 cm). The leaf blades are linear-lanceolate and narrowly pointed at the outer end, the base is acute to obtuse-angled. They are 7 to 25 cm long, 0.5 to 1.7 cm wide, membranous and glabrous. The underside is coated with a slightly grayish-bluish or whitish waxy substance.
Inflorescence and flowers
The terminal, little-flowered (average 7 flowers) and stalked inflorescences are solitary or in pairs (up to three). The stems are 1.5 to 7.5 cm long. The moderately large hermaphrodite and stalked flowers are five-fold and zygomorphic ; they have a double flower envelope. The stems are 1 to 2 cm long. The sepals are triangular-lanceolate and 2.5 to 4 mm long. The corolla is wheel-shaped with strongly curved back, 9 to 10 mm long, yellow-orange to deep red petals . The single-row, yellow, orange or reddish secondary crown is stalked, the cylindrical stalk about 2 mm long and 1.5 mm wide. The tips of the staminal secondary crown are broad-elongated in outline, 5 to 6 mm long and rounded at the outer end. The horn-shaped secondary processes on the inside of the lobes are needle-shaped and shorter than the lobes; they lean over the stylus head together. The stylus head is narrow-conical, about 3 mm long and 2.5 mm wide. The flowers produce plenty of nectar.
Fruits and seeds
The paired follicles stand upright on U-shaped bent stems. They are narrowly fusiform, 8 to 10 cm long and about 1 cm thick. The surface is smooth and bare. The seeds are broadly egg-shaped, about 1 cm long with a head of hair about 3.5 cm long.
Similar species
Asclepias lanceolata is closely related to Asclepias rubra . Despite similar distribution areas, habitats and flowering times, no hybrids have been observed so far.
Geographical distribution and ecology
The distribution area extends over the southeast USA ( Alabama , Delaware , Florida , Georgia , Louisiana , Mississippi , New Jersey , North Carolina , South Carolina , Texas and Virginia ). It grows there in brackish marshes to fresh water marshes, moist pine forests and clearings, and blooms from (February) May to August. The flowers are open for 5 to 7 days before wilting. The main pollinators are butterflies, including Danaus gilippus in the first place , followed by various swallowtail species ( Papilio sp.).
Taxonomy and systematics
The taxon was first described by Thomas Walter in 1788. The Plant List accepts the taxon as a valid species.
There are a number of synonyms :
- Asclepias serpentaria Raf. (1817)
- Asclepias paupercula Michx. (1803)
- Asclepias lanceolata var. Paupercula (Michx.) Fernald (1935).
- Asclepias lanceolata var. Paupercula f. flaviflora Fernald (1943)
supporting documents
literature
- Robert E. Woodson, Jr .: The North American Species of Asclepias L. In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Vol. 41, No. 1, 1954, pp. 1-211, St. Louis, Mo. URL (pp. 81/2)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Derek R. Artz, Keith D. Waddington: The Effects of Neighboring Tree Islands on Pollinator Density and Diversity, and on Pollination of a Wet Prairie Species, Asclepias lanceolata (Apocynaceae). In: Journal of Ecology , Volume 94, No. 3, 2006, pp. 597-608 URL at JSTORE
- ^ Thomas Walter, J. Frazer, J. Wenman: Flora Caroliniana, secundum Systema vegetabilium Linnæi digesta, characteres essentiales naturalesve et differentias veras exhibens; cum emendationibus numerosis, descriptionum antea evulgatarum adumbrationes stirpium plus mille continens, necnon generibus novis non paucis, speciebus plurimis novisq. ornata. Londini: Sumptibus J. Fraser Prostant venales apud J. Wenman, in Vico vulgo dicto Fleet-street, 1788. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 105)
- ↑ Rafael Govaerts (ed.): World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (in review): Asclepias. Published in: The Plant List. A working list of all plant species. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Missouri Botanical Garden, accessed May 15, 2013.
- ^ Constantine S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz : Florula Ludoviciana, or, a Flora of the State of Louisiana. Translated, Revised, and Improved, from the French of CC Robin. 178 pp., New York, 1817 Online at Google Books (p. 52)
- ^ André (Andreas) Michaux: Flora boreali-americana, sistens caracteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit. Parisiis et Argentorati, apud fratres Levrault, anno XI - 1803. Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 118)
