August Rudolf de Haas

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August Rudolf de Haas (born January 24, 1864 in Elberfeld (now part of Wuppertal ); † June 11, 1931 in Bad Godesberg ) was a German theologian and pastor in Saarlouis .

Life

Youth and education

August Rudolf de Haas was born as the son of the businessman Wilhelm de Haas and his wife Julie (née Hermes) in Elberfeld. As a one-year volunteer , he did his military service in the years 1884–1885 with the 3rd Guards Grenadier Regiment in Berlin . Subsequently, de Haas studied from 1885 to 1888 in Berlin, Halle (Saale) , Greifswald and Bonn Protestant theology. His ordination took place on March 8, 1891. Until 1893, de Haas provided pastoral auxiliary services in Radevormwald , Ehrenfeld and Saarlouis.

Pastor of Saarlouis

In 1894 de Haas was appointed pastor of the Protestant community in Saarlouis.

Community situation in Saarlouis

In the French fortress town of Saarlouis, founded in 1680, a Protestant community was only able to form after the fortress was handed over to Prussia in 1815 . The Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. had arranged the conversion of the former fencing hall, the “Salle des Cadets”, into a church space for the Protestant community of the garrison and the civil Protestants. In 1889 the fortress status of Saarlouis and in 1893 the parish of the garrison were abolished. Instead, a pastor's post for the Protestant civilian population was set up and was filled with de Haas for the first time.

Development of the Protestant community in Dillingen / Saar

In Dillingen / Saar , neighboring Saarlouis , with the growing need for workers for the Dillinger Hütte, since the beginning of the 19th century, workers of the Protestant denomination had also settled in Dillingen. At first they had been cared for by the pastor of the Protestant parish in Völklingen . With the transition of Dillingen and its surroundings to the Kingdom of Prussia in the Second Peace of Paris in 1815, the evangelical garrison pastor was available in Saarlouis since 1817. On June 28, 1825, the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. through the highest cabinet order, all Protestants living in the districts of Saarlouis and Merzig together to form a parish in Saarlouis. The church service hall was also the fencing hall of the Saarlouis fortress.

In Dillingen itself, the Protestant church service was held from 1878 by the Saarlouis garrison pastor Zehlke in a hall of the Catholic school building in Stummstrasse (demolished in 1964).

Due to the increasing number of members, de Haas bought a building site for his own church in Dillingen in 1899. The Dillinger Evangelical Church , which was built in 1902 , continued to be cared for by de Haas from Saarlouis and only received the status of its own parish in 1922 by a decree of the Saarland Government Commission.

Protestant church building in Saarlouis

Saarlouis Protestant Church 1906

In order to document the new independence of the Protestant Christians in Saarlouis in the traditionally Catholic area to the outside world, de Haas wanted to build a new, representative church for the Protestant church community. The abandoned Bastion V (Bastion Louise) was chosen as the location for the new church and the rectory on the advice of the Cologne building councilor Josef Stübben , who was called in as an expert for the urban planning of the city of Saarlouis, which was growing beyond the fortifications. In 1902, de Haas had a representative new parsonage built in neo-renaissance forms behind the planned Protestant church in Saarlouis at Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring 46 , which, like the church, was planned by architect Carl-Friedrich Schlück from Saarlouis. De Haas had the rectory extended by a garden hall in 1906. The foundation stone for the church was laid on August 22, 1904, and on June 29, 1906 Pastor de Haas was able to inaugurate the completed church.

Political attitude

De Haas also visually clearly expressed his attitude loyal to the Reich and the emperor with the style of his new church buildings in the form of neo-Romanesque and neo-renaissance promoted by Kaiser Wilhelm II . In addition, de Haas demonstrated his allegiance to the Reich by planting “German oaks” or linden trees: for example, two oaks that had been grown from acorns of the Wittenberg Lutheran oak were planted by de Haas in front of the churches in Saarlouis and Dillingen in 1910. Another oak that de Haas planted in the park behind the church in Saarlouis came from the Sachsenwald , the property of the first Chancellor Otto von Bismarck .

In addition, de Haas planted linden trees from the park of Hohenzieritz Castle , the place of death of the Prussian Queen Louise , in the park behind the Saarlouis church. This was intended to make the evangelical Christians' loyalty to the Prussian ruling house and the “alliance of throne and altar” visible to the outside world.

Further construction activities

August Rudolf de Haas, who was jokingly called “August the Builder” in community circles, initiated the construction of several Protestant churches and schools in the Saarlouis area:

  • 1905: Construction of the Protestant school in Fraulautern
  • 1906–1907: Construction of the first Protestant church in Lebach
  • 1906–1907: Construction of the first Protestant church in Schaffhausen (Saar)
  • 1912: Construction of the Protestant school in Schaffhausen (Saar)
  • 1913: Construction of the Protestant school in Dillingen

Expulsion from the Saar area

Towards the end of the First World War , de Haas, who had been the garrison pastor of the German troops in Saarlouis since the beginning of the war in 1914, celebrated the centenary of the Protestant community in Saarlouis on October 8, 1917.

On December 24, 1916, he was awarded the Iron Cross on a white ribbon . The military award, as a variant of the Iron Cross II. Class, was a Prussian war award for non-combatants . With the German defeat and the administration of the Saar region by the League of Nations , Pastor de Haas was expelled into the Reich by the government commission of the Saar region in February 1919 because of his pro-German attitude.

Official activities in the Rhineland

After his expulsion from the Saar area, de Haas was assistant preacher in Duisburg from 1919 to 1920 and was then appointed as an additional pastor in Essen-Borbeck on January 4, 1920 . He resigned this office on January 1, 1930 and moved to Bad Godesberg, where he died on June 11, 1931.

family

On November 6, 1894, de Haas had married Martha Wilhelmine Clarenbach. The couple had six children.

Awards

December 24, 1916 Awarded the Iron Cross on ribbon

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Aloys Lehnert : History of the City of Dillingen / Saar, Dillingen 1968, pp. 343–347.
  2. ↑ http://www.evangelische-kirche-saarlouis.de/unsere-kirche/
  3. ^ A b Institute for Current Art in Saarland: Saarlouis (city center), Schultz, glass window. Retrieved December 22, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Contact Evangelische Kirchengemeinde Saarlouis: Contact & Imprint On: www.evangelische-kirche-saarlouis.de. Retrieved July 25, 2013
  5. ↑ http://www.kantoreifreunde-sls.de/bilder/startseite/2012_flyer_ev_kirche.jpg
  6. ↑ Kristine Marschall: Sacral Buildings of Classicism and Historicism in Saarland, (publications by the Institute for Regional Studies in Saarland, Vol. 40), Saarbrücken 2002. Kristine Marschall: Sacral Buildings of Classicism and Historicism in Saarland, (publications by the Institute for Regional Studies in Saarland , Vol. 40), Saarbrücken 2002, pp. 122-124.
  7. ^ Saarlouis: Evangelical Church
  8. ^ Saarland biographies - August Rudolf de Haas ( Memento from December 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ^ 1.) Martha Wilhelmine Julie (* 1896), 2.) Karl August Wilhelm (* 1897), 3.) August Rudolf (* 1900), 4.) August Rudolf Adolf (* 1901), 5.) Ernst August Erich (* 1904), 6.) August Paul Gerhard (* 1907)
personal data
SURNAME Haas, August Rudolf de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German theologian and pastor in Saarlouis
DATE OF BIRTH January 24, 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH Elberfeld
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 1931
Place of death bad Godesberg