August Engelhard by Nathusius

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August Engelhard Nathusius, drawing around 1835

August Engelhard Nathusius , since 1861 by Nathusius , (born September 22, 1818 in Althaldensleben , † September 9, 1884 in Meyendorf ) was a German landowner, plant and animal breeder.

Nathusius was the fifth of eight children of the industrialist and landowner Johann Gottlob Nathusius and his wife Luise, née. Engelhard was born on his father's estate, the secularized monastery in Althaldensleben . His ancestors on his father's side lived in Upper and Lower Lusatia . His maternal grandmother was the poet Philippine Engelhard , b. Gatterer. Nathusius was tutored by private tutors. At the age of 15, he already had his first managerial duties (auditor) in the family's own fruit wine cellar in Althaldensleben. He later received a commercial apprenticeship and supported his brother Philipp in the administration of the former Althaldensleben monastery. With his tutor Carl Julius Elster, Nathusius went on educational trips to Italy, France and England between 1837 and 1839.

Work on the monastery estate Meyendorf

A few years after the death of Johann Gottlob Nathusius, his son August 1840 took over the Meyendorf monastery, which was also secularized in 1810 (formerly owned by the Cistercian order) and the Gehringsdorf estate (with its manor house built from 1709 to 1733) - an outworking of the monastery. Between 1830 and 1840 the monastery property was leased to the wealthy family of the chief bailiff Adolph Strauss in neighboring Schermcke . However, as early as 1850, Nathusius sold the Gehringsdorfer Hof to the Halberstadt bailiff Erich Crome. Meyendorf and Gehringsdorf had acquired his father in 1830 from Peter August Coqui (1773-1856), the founder of the corporation of the Magdeburg merchants, a forerunner of the later Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Coqui was the son of the Magdeburg merchant and mayor of the Palatinate Colony , Johann Kaspar Coqui (1747-1824), who had acquired the two goods in 1812. After the death of August von Nathusius, the 834 hectare monastery property fell to his son Richard von Nathusius (1857-1924), who never managed it himself, but leased it to the Rabbethge and Giesecke seed breeding company in April 1891 . After his death, a Nathusius community of heirs emerged as the beneficiary of the property that was still leased. In 1945 the property was expropriated as part of the land reform.

After the takeover in 1840, August Nathusius quickly developed the monastery property into a modern farm. He completed the creation of a large landscape park that his father had begun. This park is now a listed monument and nature reserve. It connects Meyendorf with the village of Remkersleben , to which Meyendorf (as a district) today belongs. The park, as well as a large collection of pictures, attracted many scholarly visitors, including the poet Hoffmann von Fallersleben , who found accommodation and asylum several times in Althaldensleben and Königsborn on his long flight through Germany, the properties of the brothers Philipp and Wilhelm Nathusius. During a visit (1846) to Meyendorf, Fallersleben left his collection of partly valuable portraits of German poets to the landlord.

In 1846 Nathusius initiated the establishment of the agricultural association in the neighboring Seehausen . There he held managerial positions for many years. He was also involved for a long time in the Knightly Fire Society of the Principality of Halberstadt. In 1865 he founded an estate brewery in Meyendorf, which was continued by his son Richard, who traded under the name of Rittergutsbrauerei R. von Nathusius .

In 1852 he started breeding cattle and horses. In cattle breeding, he was able to achieve significant success with Shorthorn- Dutch crossbreeds. He was also successful in breeding heavy step horses. He has received several awards for the Percheron horses (cold-blooded horses) that have been bred since 1853 - at national and international agricultural exhibitions. In 1861, on the occasion of Wilhelm I's coronation, he was ennobled for his services to agriculture and animal breeding.

In 1855, the former Meyendorf monastery was granted the status of a " manor " and thus the owner, as a member of the provincial parish of the Prussian province of Saxony, which met alternately in Magdeburg and Merseburg, was granted state parliaments - a function that Nathusius performed several times in the following years.

Family portrait: August Engelhard von Nathusius with his wife Johanne and daughter Luise, on the left Johanne Philippine Nathusius, painting by Rudolf Elster (1820–1872)

family

On September 6, 1841, Nathusius married Johanne Engelhard (1817–1859), daughter of the Supreme Court Director in Kassel, Wilhelm Gotthelf Engelhard (1785–1848) and Karoline, geb. Heym (1795-1821). Nine children were born from this marriage. After the death of his first wife, in April 1861, Nathusius married Bertha Gloël (1823–1903), the daughter of pastor and superintendent Christian Simon David Gloël (1793–1879) and Albertine, née. Rathmann (1795-1832). From this connection came two more children. A son-in-law was Erich von Gustedt .

Nathusius had six brothers, including Hermann von Nathusius (1809–1879), the owner of Hundisburg Castle , the aforementioned Philipp von Nathusius, co-founder of the Neinstedter establishments , Wilhelm von Nathusius (1821–1899), a politician and scientist, and Heinrich von Nathusius , Landowner in Althaldensleben and also a breeder.

He always had a very close relationship with his younger sister Johanne Nathusius (1828–1895) and supported her financially and as a consultant in the design and management of the Elisabethstift in Neinstedt, which she founded . Until his death he was a director of the Elisabeth Foundation .

August von Nathusius was buried in the park of the Meyendorfer monastery.

Publications

  • A few more words about potato growing. In: Journal of the agricultural Central Association of the Province of Saxony. No. 15, 1858, pp. 58-60.
  • The early training of the Percherons in the womb. In: Journal of the agricultural Central Association of the Province of Saxony. No. 21, 1864, pp. 8-11.
  • Feeding experiments with coconut cake. In: Journal of the agricultural Central Association of the Province of Saxony. No. 28, 1871, p. 10.
  • Protection against clover silk. In: Journal of the agricultural Central Association of the Province of Saxony. No. 34, 1877, pp. 70f.

literature

  • Eva Hoffmann-Aleith : Johanne. 1980
  • Hoffmann von Fallersleben: My life. Volume 4. 1868, pp. 282f.
  • Agricultural communications from the Magdeburg-Neuhaldensleber associations. No. 10, 1852.
  • Lilly von Nathusius: Johann Gottlob Nathusius (1760–1835) and his descendants as well as his nephew Moritz Nathusius with his descendants. Detmold 1964, p. 120ff.
  • Heinz Nowak : The Nathusius' in the 19th century - a bibliography. Börde-Museum Ummendorf, undated
  • Heinz Nowak: August Engelhard von Nathusius. In: Magdeburg Biographical Lexicon. University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg.
  • Traugott Pietsch: The Neinstedter institutes. In: The Province of Saxony. Volume 2. 1902, pp. 213-220.
  • J. Seeboth: History of the place and monastery Meyendorf presented in several sections. Without references to sources or literature, extracts according to the author's knowledge for the period after 1830.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to Jochen von Nathusius: excursus on the history of Gehringsdorf . o. V., 2009
  2. ↑ Fallersleben in his autobiography Mein Leben , found in: Detlef Gärtner: “The whole park wrote for me”. Althaldensleben-Hundisburg. In the mirror of 19th century literature . KULTUR-Landschaft Haldensleben-Hundisburg eV , Haldensleben-Hundisburg 1997, p. 78
  3. ^ Nathusius (1840, 1861), III line, August Engelhard v. Nathusius (Prussian nobility Königsberg i. Pr., October 18, 1861), in: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels . Volume 57 of the complete series, Noble Houses B Volume XI. Starke, Limburg ad Lahn 1974, p. 314
  4. ^ Jochen von Nathusius: History of Meyendorf . Part 2 of three parts, Meschede 2009, p. 2
  5. ↑ Wolfgang Ollrog (adaptation): Johann Christoph Gatterer, the founder of scientific genealogy. An examination of the previously known sources and publications about his origins, his life and work as well as his descendants . In: Archives for kin research and all related areas with practical research assistance . 47th year, issue 81/82. Starke, Limburg ad Lahn 1981, p. 43
  6. ↑ In the NDB he is even mentioned as a co-founder of the Elisabethstift in Neinstedt. See mention in: Hans Jaeger:  Nathusius, Johann Gottlob. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-428-00199-0 , p. 748 f. ( Digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Nathusius, August Engelhard von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nathusius, August Engelhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German landowner and breeder
DATE OF BIRTH September 22, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Althaldensleben
DATE OF DEATH September 9, 1884
Place of death Meyendorf