Avro triplane
| Avro triplane | |
|---|---|
_-_Shuttleworth_(877092030).jpg) Replica of a Roe IV in flight |
|
| Type: | Triplane |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
June 5, 1909 |
| Number of pieces: |
approx. 10 |
Avro triplane the better known name for is triplane - aircraft of the British aircraft designer Alliott Verdon Roe .
Development history
After AV Roe had initially developed and built a double-decker, the Roe I , he built a single-seater three- decker , a paper-covered wooden structure. The fuselage had a triangular cross-section and was not covered. The outer 1.52 m of the wings can be detached and folded down for transport. Initially, a 9 HP (6.7 kW) JAP engine served as the drive . It is worth mentioning that the structure in the rear of the machine was also designed in triplicate. On June 5, 1909, the machine made the first jumps on Lea Marshes in Essex and made a flight of 274 m on July 23 of the same year. Shortly thereafter, the aircraft received a 24 hp (18 kW) Antoinette engine . At the October meeting inBlackpool reached several short flights. Roe made the plane to Wembley , where it crashed on December 24, 1909. Roe produced three more examples of the Triplane I with 9 PS (6.7 kW), 20 PS (15 kW) and 35 PS (26 kW) JAP engines.
The successor model, the II, started in April 1910 with a more powerful engine, a JAP unit with 26 kW (35 hp). This guy was covered with cloth instead of paper. The machine was exhibited without a motor at the Olympia Travel Exhibition in July 1909. Despite the more powerful engine, the plane covered only 183 m on the longest flight. It was dismantled as early as 1910.
Roe then offered another three-decker called the Mercury at a retail price of £ 600 . It was a plywood-clad two-seater powered by a 35 HP (26 kW) Green engine with a two-bladed propeller.
A further development was the Avro Triplane No. 3 (Roe III), also a two-seater aircraft, but built much more stable than its predecessor, also equipped with ailerons; with the predecessors, the roll control was still carried out via surface twisting. The Triplane No. 3 had its first flight on June 24, 1910.
No. 2 and 3 of Triplane No. 3 caught fire from flying sparks from the locomotive and burned out during a train transport for flight demonstrations to be held in Blackpool in July and August 1910 . Roe therefore used the fourth example for this event, which was hastily assembled from parts supplied from Manchester .
Overall, Triplane No. 3 six copies made in Manchester. The last two triplanes No. 3 were built for the Harvard Aeronautical Society and Cecil Grace .
In September 1910 the only copy of the single-seat Triplane No. 4 (Roe IV), motorized like No. 2 and 3. Aileron control was carried out by twisting the wing. The fuselage again had a triangular cross-section and was clad in the front area with thin aluminum sheet. At the stern there was a relatively large horizontal stabilizer with massive oars.
Technical data (if known)
| Avro Triplane No. 1 | |
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 7.01 m |
| Wingspan | 6.10 m |
| height | 3.35 m |
| Wing area | 20.21 m² |
| drive | A JAP engine with 6.7 kW (9 hp) |
| Top speed | approx. 40 km / h |
| Max. Range | 457 m |
| crew | 1 pilot |
| Empty mass | 136 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 204 kg |
| Avro Triplane No. 2 | |
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 9.75 m |
| height | 2.74 m |
| Wingspan | 9.75 m |
| Wing area | approx. 30 m² |
| drive | A JAP engine with 26 kW (35 PS) |
| Top speed | approx. 65 km / h |
| crew | 1 pilot |
| Empty mass | 295 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 363 kg |
| Avro Mercury | |
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 7.47 m |
| Wingspan | 7.92 m |
| Wing area | 22.85 m² |
| drive | A Green in-line engine with 26 kW (35 HP) |
| Top speed | 64 km / h |
| crew | 2 men |
| Empty mass; | 204 kg |
| Avro Triplane No. 3 | |
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 7.01 m |
| height | 2.74 m |
| Wingspan (upper and middle wing) | 9.45 m |
| Wingspan (lower wing) | 6.10 m |
| Wing area | 33.63 m² |
| drive | A Green in-line engine with 26 kW (35 HP) |
| Top speed | 64 km / h |
| crew | 2 men |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 249 kg |
| Avro Triplane No. 4th | |
| Parameter | Data |
|---|---|
| length | 9.14 mm |
| Wingspan | 12.80 m |
| drive | A Green in-line engine with 26 kW (35 HP) |
| crew | 1 pilot |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 295 kg |
Avro Triplane in museums
Triplane No. 1:
- Science Museum, South Kensington / England
- Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, Manchester / England (replica)
Triplane No. 4:
- Shuttleworth Collection , Old Warden / England (airworthy replica)
See also
literature
- AERO, issue 16, p. 447
