Baldwin black

Balduin Schwarz (born March 23, 1902 in Hanover , † November 25, 1993 in Ainring ) was a Catholic German philosopher .

Life

Schwarz was a son of the chemist Carl Schwarz and Elisabeth Schilling. As a teenager he was a member of the Catholic youth organization Bund Neudeutschland , as a student in the K.St.V. Rheno-Bavaria Munich in the KV . After graduating from high school in 1920, he studied philosophy in Heidelberg , Cologne and Munich and received his doctorate in 1927 at the University of Munich under Dietrich von Hildebrand with a phenomenological study of crying. In 1931 he married Helene Katzenstein (Leni) (* 1897), a Jew who converted to the Catholic religion in 1929 under Hildebrand's influence . They had the son Stephen Dietrich Schwarz (* 1932), professor emeritus of philosophy at the University of Rhode Island .

From April 1931 he was a private lecturer in scholastic philosophy at the University of Münster , where he received his habilitation from Peter Wust . After the transfer of power to the Nazis in 1933, he was, as he himself against the DC circuit had turned the university, with the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service , the teaching license revoked at the University of Münster. In December 1933 he emigrated with the family to Switzerland and worked at the University of Friborg from 1934 to 1938 . In 1934/1935 he also held a visiting professorship at the University of Innsbruck . Under the pseudonym "Johannes Ilen" he wrote articles in magazines in which he turned against National Socialism in Germany and defended Austrofascism as a Christian corporate state . After his residence permit in Switzerland expired, he had to emigrate to France in 1938, where he worked as a teacher in Limoges . In the same year he and his family were revoked of their German citizenship , in 1939 the Munich University revoked his doctorate and this was announced in the Reichsanzeiger . When the Second World War broke out , he was interned in France for a short time , but then served in the French army from December 1939 to July 1940 . After the French surrender in 1940, Edmond Michelet hid him and with the help of the Rockefeller Foundation he managed to escape to the USA in the spring of 1941. There he found employment at various colleges and, since 1950, Schwarz taught philosophy at the Graduate School of Fordham University in New York City . In 1964 he was appointed professor of philosophy at the University of Salzburg .

Schwarz is regarded by his students as the “true son of the holy church” (Hildebrand) and in 1972 he became chairman of a newly founded Catholic lay organization “Pro Fide et Ecclesia” at a time when the Latin mass rite was to be abolished.

In 1958, the University of Münster granted Schwarz the legal status of a professor emeritus as part of a reparation procedure . The University of Munich found in an internal file in 1966 that the revocation of the doctorate in 1939 was legally incorrect after Schwarz was not personally informed of the revocation. In 2010, the University of Münster declared “that the dismissals of the following members and relatives of the university between 1933 and 1945 for“ racial ”and political reasons are null and void,” including Balduin Schwarz.

His younger brother Reinhard Schwarz-Schilling became a German composer . The CDU politician Christian Schwarz-Schilling was his nephew.

Fonts (selection)

see the list of publications at iap ( Memento from February 22, 2006 in the Internet Archive )

• Studies on the psychology of crying. Inaugural Diss. Munich 1928. Reprint: Lepanto Verlag, Rückersdorf 2014.
• The error in philosophy. Investigations into the nature, forms and psychological genesis of error in the field of philosophy, with an overview of the history of the problem of errors in Western philosophy. Aschendorff, Münster 1934.
• Eternal philosophy, law and freedom in intellectual history. Leipzig MCMXXXVII (1937).
• About the inner principle of the periodization of the history of philosophy. Pustet, Salzburg 1966.
• Truth, error and aberrations. The six great crises and seven exits of occidental philosophy. Collected Essays. Winter, Heidelberg 1996.

Festschriften

• Dietrich von Hildebrand (ed.): Rehabilitation of philosophy: Festgabe for Balduin Schwarz on his 70th birthday. Habbel, Regensburg 1974.
• Josef Seifert , Fritz Wenisch, Edgar Morscher (eds.): On the truth and the good: Festschrift for Balduin Schwarz on his 80th birthday. Introduction by Otto Neumaier . Publishing house St. Peter, Salzburg 1982.
• Stephen Schwarz, Fritz Wenisch (Ed.): Values ​​and human experience: essays in honor of the memory of Balduin Schwarz. P. Lang, New York 1999.

literature

• Gisela Möllenhoff, Rita Schlautmann-Overmeyer: Jewish families in Münster 1918 to 1945. Biographical lexicon. Westphalian Steam boat, Münster 1995, ISBN 3-929586-48-7 .
• Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss , (Eds.): Biographisches Handbuch der Deutschensprachigen Emigration nach 1933 / International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933–1945. Vol II, 2. Saur, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-598-10089-2 , p. 1060.
• Stefanie Harrecker: Graduated doctors. The revocation of the doctorate at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich during the Nazi era. Utz, Munich 2007 ISBN 978-3-8316-0691-7 . Short biography pp. 364-365.
• Otto Gertzen: Short biography for Balduin Schwarz. In: hall talks , University of Münster, 2015.

Web links

• Literature by and about Balduin Schwarz in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Hildebrand at hebrewcatholic
2. ↑ [1]
3. ↑ [2]
4. ↑ Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss, (Ed.), International Biographical Dictionary of Central European Emigrés 1933–1945 , p. 1060
5. ↑ Stefanie Harrecker: Degradierte Do Doctors , p. 364
6. ↑ Dietrich von Hildebrand, foreword in: Dietrich von Hildebrand (ed.): Rehabilitation of Philosophy: Festgabe für Balduin Schwarz for his 70th birthday , p. 9
7. ↑ Declaration Uni Münster 23 June 2010 (PDF file; 51 kB)