Barium nitrate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Barium nitrate
other names	Barite nitrate
Molecular formula	Ba (NO 3 ) 2
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	233-020-5
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.006
PubChem	24798
Wikidata	Q407666
properties
Molar mass	261.35 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.24 g cm −3
Melting point	> 550 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	moderate in water (90 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 272-301-332-319
	P: 221-305 + 351 + 338-308 + 310
MAK	0.5 mg m −3
Toxicological data	355 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−988.0 kJ / mol
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Barium nitrate is a nitrate salt of the alkaline earth metal barium . It has the formula Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ and belongs to the group of nitrates.

Extraction and presentation

Barium nitrate can be represented by the following chemical reactions :

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Ba (OH) _ {2} +2 \ HNO_ {3} \ longrightarrow Ba (NO_ {3}) _ {2} +2 \ H_ {2} O}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Ba (OH) _ {2} + N_ {2} O_ {5} \ longrightarrow Ba (NO_ {3}) _ {2} + H_ {2} O}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {BaO + 2 \ HNO_ {3} \ longrightarrow Ba (NO_ {3}) _ {2} + H_ {2} O}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {3 \ Ba + 8 \ HNO_ {3} \ longrightarrow 3 \ Ba (NO_ {3}) _ {2} +4 \ H_ {2} O + 2 \ NO}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {BaCO_ {3} +2 \ HNO_ {3} \ longrightarrow Ba (NO_ {3}) _ {2} + H_ {2} O + CO_ {2}}}

properties

crystalline barium nitrate

Barium nitrate occurs as a colorless crystalline solid. It is harmful to health and a substance that is slightly hazardous to water . In the burner flame it causes the green flame color typical of barium and can be used as an oxidizing agent .

Barium nitrate decomposes at temperatures above 550 ° C to form barium oxide , nitrogen , oxygen and nitrogen monoxide . Due to the released oxygen and especially the released nitrogen monoxide, barium nitrate is a good oxidizing agent.

Anhydrous barium nitrate crystallizes in the cubic crystal system in the space group Pa 3 (space group no. 205) with the lattice parameter a = 811.84 pm . In the unit cell contains four formula units . The crystals are isotypic to strontium nitrate . Template: room group / 205

use

Barium nitrate is used in pyrotechnics and the like. A. used to make sparklers in which it acts as an oxidizing agent. Barium nitrate is also often used as a surrogate for potassium nitrate to give the flame a greenish color. It is also used as an oxidizer in the primers of cartridges and cartridges . A highly explosive mixture of TNT and barium nitrate is called Baratol .

It is also used in fluorescent screens for television receivers.

Analytics

A first indication for the identification of barium in barium nitrate obtained by the green flame test . The anion can be detected using a ring test or Lunge's reagent (see also evidence for anions ).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet barium nitrate (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on barium nitrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on May 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .
↑ Not explicitly listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , but with the indicated labeling it falls under the group entry barium salts, with the exception of barium sulphate, salts of 1-azo-2-hydroxynaphthalenyl aryl sulphonic acid, and of salts specified elsewhere in this Annex in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-6.
↑ H. Nowotny, G. Heger: Structure refinement of strontium nitrate, Sr (NO ₃ ) ₂ , and barium nitrate, Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ in Acta Cryst. 1983 , C39 , pp. 952-956 doi: 10.1107 / S0108270183006976

[Merck-SDB-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e data sheet barium nitrate (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.

[GESTIS-2] Entry on barium nitrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on May 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .

[CLP_100.240.782-3] Not explicitly listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , but with the indicated labeling it falls under the group entry barium salts, with the exception of barium sulphate, salts of 1-azo-2-hydroxynaphthalenyl aryl sulphonic acid, and of salts specified elsewhere in this Annex in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .

[CRC90_5_6-4] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-6.

[Nowotny-5] H. Nowotny, G. Heger: Structure refinement of strontium nitrate, Sr (NO ₃ ) ₂ , and barium nitrate, Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ in Acta Cryst. 1983 , C39 , pp. 952-956 doi: 10.1107 / S0108270183006976