Bavarian State Ministry of Foreign Affairs

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Seal of the Royal Bavarian State Ministry of the Royal House and Foreign Affairs
The Palais Montgelas , seat of the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1817–1933, today part of the Hotel Bayerischer Hof

The Bavarian State Ministry of Foreign Affairs (until 1918: Bavarian State Ministry of the Royal House and Foreign Affairs) was a ministry in Munich from 1762 to 1933 .

The office of foreign minister was mostly held in personal union with the chairmanship of the council of ministers or the office of prime minister . In the kingdom and republic, the area of ​​responsibility also included internal administration. The successor authority from 1933 was the State Chancellery .

history

monarchy

From 1762 to 1817 the "Department of Foreign Affairs" was housed in the Theatine monastery

The authority already existed before the Montgelas ' administrative reform of 1799, when specialist ministries were set up, because since 1762 there was a " Department of Foreign Affairs ". The minister at that time was Maximilian Franz Joseph von Berchem .

Montgelas time

When the Ministry of " Foreign Affairs " was established in 1801, it also took care of areas of " internal constitutional law ", because the department of internal administration only existed from 1806. These areas of responsibility were again given up piece by piece. The tasks after 1806 included looking after the house and state archives, representing churches and foundations in court, the postal system, house fideikommiss, private princely law and feudal matters. Affiliated was the realm heraldry , which was responsible for granting indigenous status , conferring nobility and managing the nobility registers , with the aim of winning over the newly acquired population for the new state. Significantly, the Foreign Ministry was also responsible for awarding medals.

German Confederation

With the constitution of 1817, the ministry was properly designated as the " State Ministry of the Royal House and Foreign Affairs ".

In 1825 the postal system was given to the Ministry of Finance and came back in 1832. In 1847 responsibility for mail returned to the Ministry of Finance. From 1845 to 1848 the Foreign Ministry was entrusted with the railway system.

Empire

During the empire Bavaria retained some reservation rights and the right to its own embassies. Bavaria also chaired the Federal Council's Committee on Foreign Affairs. In 1914, the Kingdom of Bavaria still had diplomatic missions in France (also accredited in Belgium ), Austria-Hungary , Russia , Italy , the Holy See, and Switzerland .

The State Ministry of Foreign Affairs had other tasks. In 1871 the Ministry of Commerce was dissolved and the Department of Transport came to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which from then on formed the main workload. From 1871 to 1874, customs were also under the Ministry of Finance. In 1903 the traffic was subordinated to the newly created Ministry of Transport .

In 1904 the affairs of trade, industry, handicrafts, handicrafts and small businesses were transferred from the division of the Ministry of the Interior to the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs. This involved the supervision and promotion of these branches of industry: trade regulations, cooperative and credit systems, supervision of the chambers of commerce and trade, promotion of industrial and trade exhibitions, trade tax matters, trade and merchant courts, subsidy fund for industry and commerce, supervision of the Coin, currency and stock exchange affairs and finally the supervision of the mining industry. On February 13, 1915, the authorities forbade the raising of the black and yellow Palatinate flag, which was privately introduced in 1909 .

republic

Department II of the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which was entrusted with the tasks taken over in 1904, was in turn taken over in 1919 by the newly created Ministry of the Revolution, the State Ministry of Trade, Industry and Commerce. As a result of a “ state simplification ”, it was reintegrated into the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1928. In 1932 the ministry received its last title, which better expressed its tasks: "State Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Economy and Labor".

time of the nationalsocialism

On April 12, 1933, the Foreign Ministry was dissolved and distributed to the various departments. The State Chancellery emerged from the remains .

minister

The ministry was headed by:

Surname Term of office Remarks
Maximilian of Montgelas February 21, 1799 to February 2, 1817
Aloys von Rechberg February 2, 1817 to October 26, 1825
Friedrich Karl von Thürheim January 1, 1826 to August 29, 1828
Joseph Ludwig von Armansperg August 30, 1828 to December 31, 1831
Friedrich August von Gise January 2, 1832 to June 1, 1846
Otto von Bray-Steinburg June 1, 1846 to April 4, 1847
Georg Ludwig von Maurer September 17, 1847 to November 29, 1847 as a rot
Ludwig von Oettingen-Wallerstein December 1, 1847 to March 11, 1848 as a rot
Klemens von Waldkirch March 14, 1848 to April 29, 1848 as a rot
Otto von Bray-Steinburg April 29, 1848 to April 18, 1849
Ludwig von der Pfordten April 18, 1849 to May 1, 1859 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Karl von Schrenck von Notzing May 1, 1859 to October 4, 1864 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Max von Neumayr October 4, 1864 to December 4, 1864 as a rot
Ludwig von der Pfordten December 4, 1864 to December 29, 1866 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Clovis of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst December 31, 1866 to March 7, 1870 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Otto von Bray-Steinburg March 8, 1870 to July 25, 1871 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Friedrich von Hegnenberg-Dux August 21, 1871 to June 2, 1872 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Adolph von Pfretzschner October 1, 1872 to March 4, 1880 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Friedrich Krafft from Crailsheim March 4, 1880 to March 1, 1903 Chairman of the Council of Ministers since 1890
Clemens von Podewils-Dürniz March 1, 1903 to February 9, 1912 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Georg von Hertling February 9, 1912 to November 10, 1917 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Otto von Dandl November 11, 1917 to November 8, 1918 Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Kurt Eisner November 8, 1918 to February 21, 1919 Prime Minister , USPD
Johannes Hoffmann March 18, 1919 to March 13, 1920 Prime Minister
Gustav von Kahr March 16, 1920 to September 11, 1921 Prime Minister, BVP
Hugo Graf von und zu Lerchenfeld on Köfering and Schönberg September 21, 1921 to November 2, 1922 Prime Minister, BVP
Eugen von Knilling November 8, 1922 to May 5, 1924 Prime Minister, BVP
Heinrich Held June 28, 1924 to March 15, 1933 Prime Minister, BVP
Franz Ritter von Epp March 16, 1933 to April 12, 1933 Reich Governor and Acting Prime Minister, NSDAP

building

1817–1933: Palais Montgelas

The official seat of the State Ministry of Foreign Affairs was the Palais Montgelas , today part of the Hotel Bayerischer Hof .

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Benz: Bavarian Foreign Relations in the 20th Century. The end of Bavaria's foreign legations after World War I , in: Journal for Bavarian State History 32 (1969), 962–994.
  2. ↑ Ordinance of December 1, 1871 (RBl. 1833).
  3. ↑ Ordinance of June 9, 1874 (GVBl. 333).
  4. ↑ Ordinance of December 14, 1903 (GVBl. 672).
  5. ↑ Ordinance of 10 November 1904 (GVBl. P. 567)
  6. ↑ Website with scan of the prohibition order
  7. ↑ Ordinance of April 3, 1919 (GVBl. P. 127)
  8. ↑ (GVBl. P. 361)
  9. ↑ (GVBl. P. 61)
  10. ↑ (GVBL 113)
  11. ^ Ministerial Council, Rudolf Neck, Adam Wandruszka, Isabella Ackerl : Protocols of the Council of Ministers of the First Republic, 1918–1938 , Volume 5, Part 1, Verlag der Österreichischen Staatsdruckerei, 1980
  12. ^ Caroline Gigl: The central authorities of Elector Karl Theodors in Munich 1778–1799 , CH Beck, 1999 - 552 p

Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 24.7 "  N , 11 ° 34 ′ 25.3"  E