Georg Ludwig von Maurer

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Georg Ludwig von Maurer
Georg Ludwig von Maurer, lithograph by Gottlieb Bodmer (1836)

Georg Ludwig Konrad Maurer , from 1832 Knight von Maurer (born November 2, 1790 in Erpolzheim near Dürkheim , † May 9, 1872 in Munich ) was a lawyer , legal historian , Bavarian State and Imperial Councilor and minister. He researched the Bavarian and Germanic legal history as well as the German constitutional history .

Life

Georg Ludwig Maurer came from a Reformed pastor's family from the Palatinate, who fled Erpolzheim from the French revolutionary army across the Rhine in 1793, found refuge temporarily in Lobenfeld and then settled in Heidelberg or Kirchheim near Heidelberg . He attended high school and the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg , where he studied law . The friendly relations between his parents put him in domestic contact with Anton Thibaut , Christoph Martin , Carl Daub , Friedrich Creuzer , August Boeckh , Friedrich Wilken , Karoline Rudolphi and Johann Heinrich Voss . From 1812 to 1814 he continued his studies in Paris . He entered the Bavarian civil service in 1814 and in 1823 became state procurator at the Frankenthal district court . His "History of the Old Germanic, namely Old Bavarian public-oral court proceedings ", which was awarded 1st prize by the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , earned him an appointment to the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich in 1826 as a professor of German private law, German imperial and legal history and French law. In 1829 the University of Göttingen tried to win him as the successor to Karl Friedrich Eichhorn , but King Ludwig I kept him in Munich by appointing him to his State Council.

In 1830 Maurer was elected the first President of the Upper Bavarian District Administrator , and in 1831 he was finally appointed a lifelong Imperial Councilor of the Kingdom of Bavaria , with the non-hereditary title of "von Maurer" being associated. In the same year Maurer was accepted as a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences.

When the then 16-year-old Bavarian Prince Otto , son of Ludwig I, was appointed King of Greece in 1832 , Maurer joined Joseph Ludwig von Armansperg , Karl von Abel and Karl Wilhelm von Heideck to lead the reign of the young Kingdom of Greece during the Minor of King Otto appointed. During this time, despite major obstacles, he brought about pioneering improvements in Greek law. The legal system of modern Greece goes back to Masons.

In 1834, like Abel, he got into conflict with Count Armansperg and was called back to Bavaria by King Ludwig I. Abel became Minister of the Interior and Finance . When Abel was dismissed from grace by the king in February 1847 because of his negative attitude towards the naturalization of King Ludwig I's lover, Lola Montez , Maurer was appointed to the head of a new liberal ministry and became Bavarian minister of justice and foreign affairs (ministerial administrator) and prime minister . He remained in this office until the end of November 1847.

From then on, Maurer lived mainly from his scientific work, but was also active as a consultant in the Reichsratskammer and was sometimes used for political missions. His main work, History of the Brand Constitution in Germany , appeared in 1856. In it he developed the doctrine that the Germanic peoples originally had common ownership of land on the basis of mark cooperatives (old-free mark cooperatives). This later influenced Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in their ideas of a historical early communism, which is said to have existed before the slave economy of antiquity.

In the years 1856 to 1871, i.e. in his 66th to 81st year, Maurer wrote an important constitutional history of the German community in 11 volumes. His theses are still critically discussed in today's research.

In 1858 Maurer accompanied Adalbert von Bayern , Hereditary Prince of Greece, on a diplomatic trip to the 25th anniversary of Otto's reign in Greece and Constantinople to a reception with the Sultan, where Maurer was also awarded a high Turkish medal. After visiting Madrid with the prince, Maurer returned to Munich.

family

Maurer had two sisters: Franziska Wilhelmine Maurer, who was her second marriage to the theologian Johann Friedrich Abegg , and Luise Friederike Maurer, who married the chemist Leopold Gmelin .

Maurer was with Johanna Wilhelmina Friederike Maurer, geb. Heydweiller, the daughter of Philip Heinrich Heydweiller, a Heidelberg industrialist and businessman. The marriage had two children, Charlotte Maurer (1821–1874) and Konrad Maurer (1823–1902). His wife died on June 15, 1831 in Munich. Maurer did not remarry. His daughter Charlotte remained unmarried and looked after her father all his life.

tomb

Grave of Georg Maurer on the old southern cemetery in Munich location
Memorial plaque for Georg Ludwig von Maurer from 1965, at the old rectory in Erpolzheim

The tomb of George Mason is located in the Old South Cemetery in Munich (Wall Links Course at 86 cemetery 3) Location . On the family grave is a bust and below it the engraved name of his grandson Ludwig Maurer, who died in 1927 . However, the bust does not represent Ludwig the mathematician, but Georg Ludwig von Maurer.

Honors

In 1867 he received the Bavarian Maximilian Order . In 1965, a memorial plaque was placed on the house where he was born, the Protestant rectory in Erpolzheim, on the occasion of Maurer's 175th birthday. In Erpolzheim there is also a street named after Maurer.

Works

  • History of the old Germanic, namely old Bavarian public-oral court proceedings . Heidelberg 1824.
  • The Greek people, in public, ecclesiastical and private law relationships before and after the freedom struggle until July 31, 1834 . 3 vol. Heidelberg 1835.
  • Introduction to the history of the market, court, village and town constitution and of public authority . Munich: Kaiser 1854.
  • History of the trademark constitution in Germany . Erlangen 1856.
  • History of the Fronhöfe , the farms and the court constitution in Germany . 4. Vol. Erlangen 1862–1863.
  • History of the village constitution in Germany . 2. Vol. Erlangen 1865-1866.
  • History of the city constitution in Germany . 4. Vol. Erlangen 1869–1871.

literature

Web links

Commons : Georg Ludwig von Maurer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files