Bełchatów
| Bełchatów | ||
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
| Basic data | ||
| State : | Poland | |
| Voivodeship : | Łódź | |
| Powiat : | Bełchatów | |
| Area : | 35.00 km² | |
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 22 ′ N , 19 ° 22 ′ E | |
| Residents : | 57,199 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
|
| Postal code : | 97-400 | |
| Telephone code : | (+48) 44 | |
| License plate : | EBE | |
| Economy and Transport | ||
| Street : | Warsaw - Wroclaw | |
| Next international airport : | Łódź | |
| Gmina | ||
| Gminatype: | Borough | |
| Surface: | 35.00 km² | |
| Residents: | 57,199 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
|
| Population density : | 1634 inhabitants / km² | |
| Community number ( GUS ): | 1001011 | |
| Administration (as of 2014) | ||
| City President : | Mariola Czechowska | |
| Address: | ul.Kosciuszki 1 97-400 Bełchatów |
|
| Website : | www.belchatow.pl | |
Bełchatów ( German Belchatow , 1943–1945 Belchental ) is a city in Poland in the Łódź Voivodeship south of Łódź .
history
The first mention of the place took place in 1391. The city charter was Bełchatów 1737. Prussia got the place in 1793 under his rule. 14 years later the place belonged to the Duchy of Warsaw and in 1815 to the Kingdom of Poland , which was linked in personal union with the Russian Empire and thus actually belonged to Russia. In the course of the 19th century, the textile industry grew into an important branch of the economy, not least due to its proximity to Łódź.
After the re-establishment of the Polish state , the place became Polish again in 1919 and in 1925 received its town charter, which had been lost in the meantime.
The city was occupied by the Wehrmacht during the German invasion of Poland on September 6, 1939 . A ghetto was established in which about 5,000 Jews had to live. This was "liquidated" in August 1942; Most of the residents were taken to the Kulmhof extermination camp and murdered there (see also: Synagogue (Bełchatów) ).
In 1943 the city was renamed Belchental (according to the order of the Reich Governor in Warthegau from May 18, 1943). On January 19, 1945, the Red Army marched into the town. At the end of the war, Bełchatów was 50% destroyed. In 1965 the place became the seat of its own powiat . He lost this status again in 1975 during a regional reform. Due to the territorial reform in Poland in 1999, Bełchatow became a district town again. The place developed well due to the newly discovered brown coal deposits . The Bełchatów Power Plant is measured by its 5,420 megawatts of power, the largest lignite and the second largest coal plant in the world.
Population development
In 1860 1,899 people lived in the city, including 1,139 Jews, 352 Polish Christians and 35 German Christians. In 1931 a different picture emerged. Here the Christians were most strongly represented with 4,160 people, but closely followed by the Jews with 3,970. 800 people were represented among German Christians.
| year | 1808 | 1820 | 1827 | 1857 | 1860 | 1897 | 1921 | 1931 | 1975 | 1995 | 2000 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 |
| population | 155 | 352 | 729 | 1,506 | 1,899 | 3,859 | 6,249 | 8,932 | 10,836 | 59,900 | 61,200 | 62.192 | 60,768 | 58,667 |
local community
Borough
The city of Bełchatów forms an independent municipality ( gmina miejska ).
Rural community
The rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Bełchatów consists of forty districts with a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) .
Sports
The footballers of the GKS Bełchatów sports club , who play their home games in the GIEKSA Arena , play in the 2nd division , the third highest division , in the 2018/19 season .
The Skra Bełchatów volleyball club is a nine-time Polish champion and has achieved success in the Champions League .
Personalities
- Harry Haft (1925–2007), Polish-American survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp and professional boxer
- Martyna Trajdos (* 1989), German judoka
- Aleksandra Gaworska (* 1995), hurdler
Web links
- City website
- Link catalog on Bełchatów at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b no. 62: Order about the change of place names in the Reichsgau Wartheland . In: Ordinance sheet of the Reich governor in the Warthegau . No. 12 . Poznan May 18, 1943, p. 98 ( gross-wartenberg.de [PDF; 1.8 MB ; accessed on January 3, 2018]).
- ↑ Susanne Götze : Largest brown coal power plant in the world: The power plant that is dirtier than entire countries . In: Spiegel Online . December 14, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed December 14, 2019]).
- ↑ current data and archive up to 2002: Główny Urząd Statystyczny: https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/ludnosc/ludnosc/ludnosc-stan-i-struktura-ludnosci-oraz-ruch-naturalny-w-przekroju- terytorialnym-stan-w-dniu-31-12-2019,6,27.html #
- ↑ Virtual Shtetl ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , History and Jewish Community of Bełchatów.
