Hairy grove

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Hairy grove
Flower stand Luzula.jpg

Hairy grove ( Luzula pilosa )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Genre : Grove Meadows ( Luzula )
Type : Hairy grove
Scientific name
Luzula pilosa
( L. ) Willd.


Lashed leaf
Single flower of the hairy grove
fruit
inflorescence
Seeds with elaiosome

The Hairy Wood-rush ( Luzula pilosa ), also known as hair-Wood-rush , Spring Wood-rush or Hairy Marbel called, is a plant of the family Juncaceae . The plant, together with other early bloomers such as forest violets , wood anemones , celandine or wood sorrel, forms the spring aspect in light, acidic forests.

Distribution and location

It is widespread in Europe and Asia as far as West Siberia from the lowlands to altitudes of 2000 meters above sea ​​level . In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Ziebelmoos northwest of Rohrmoos in Bavaria up to 1400 meters above sea level.

The grove grows in light deciduous and coniferous forests in acidic, nutrient-poor to medium-sized locations. Together with several other early bloomers, it forms the spring aspect of the herbaceous layers before the leaves shoot . Often it also grows on forest paths or forest edges. It has its main distribution in societies of the order Fagetalia, but also occurs in those of the orders Quercetalia roboris or Piceetalia.

description

The hairy grove is a perennial , wintering green hemicryptophyte that reaches heights of growth between 15 and 40 centimeters. The rush plant grows in smaller clumps , which in turn can develop loose lawns and rarely forms short runners. The thin stems grow upright. The basal, grass-like and shiny leaves are 4 to 12 millimeters wide and densely ciliate at the edge. The bracts are very short and always significantly shorter than the inflorescence.

The loose, upright and multi-flowered inflorescence is a spiral with upright branches that overhang until the fruiting season. The flowers are single. The approximately equally long bracts (perigon) are about 3 millimeters long, lanceolate, pointed, chestnut brown and with wide skin margins at the edge. The stylus have three greenish white scars. The last greenish yellow capsule fruit is truncated cone-shaped. It is longer than the tepals and constricted and narrowed above the middle. The shiny brown seeds are between 2.5 and 3.5 millimeters long and each have a sickle-shaped appendage ( elaiosome ).

Chromosome number : 2n = 66, less often 70 or 72.

ecology

The hairy grove is a hemicryptophyte and a half-rosette plant or an evergreen clump plant. The hair on the edge of the leaves is caused by the peeling of the edge strips. The leaf rosettes serve as water collectors. The hairy grove is a deep shade to shade plant . Their ecological focus is on fresh, moderately acidic, low-nitrogen to moderately nitrogen-rich soils. It is a characteristic plant of acidophilous beech forests (Fagetalia sylvaticae), acidophilous oak forests (Quercetalia robori-petraeae) as well as pine, spruce forests (Vaccinio-Piceetalia).

The flowers only open in the male stage; they are pollinated by the wind ( anemogamy ). Flowering time is from March to May.

The fruits are columnar capsules. The fruit stem sinks to the ground when ripe. The plant is self-sowing. The further spread of the diaspores takes place via ants ( myrmecochory ). To do this, it has special oil and sugar-containing bodies (elaiosomes) on the seeds, which attract the ants. Fruit ripening is from June to July.

Vegetative reproduction occurs through underground runners

literature

  • Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica , 2nd edition, Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna, 1998, ISBN 3-258-05735-4
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • J. Grau, BP Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold & D. Triebel: Gräser , Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994. ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 305.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  152 .

Web links

Commons : Luzula pilosa  - album with pictures, videos and audio files