Mountain riding grass
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Mountain riding grass ( Calamagrostis varia ) |
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| Calamagrostis varia | ||||||||||||
| ( Schrad. ) Host |
The mountain riding grass ( Calamagrostis varia ), also called colored riding grass , is a species of the genus of riding grass ( Calamagrostis ) in the sweet grass family (Poaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The colorful riding grass is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 50 to 100 centimeters. It forms more or less dense clumps with short rhizomes and numerous renewal shoots that break through the lower leaf sheaths at the base and grow outside the leaf sheaths. The independently upright, unbranched stalks are smooth and bare and only a little rough under the panicle. The stalk has three to four nodes .
The alternate arranged on the stalk leaves are divided into leaf sheath and blade. The ligule is a 2 to 4 millimeter long, cut off at the top, membranous edge. The leaf blade is 10 to 25 cm long, 3 to 8 mm wide, light green on the underside and very rough on both sides of the nerves of many spiky hairs.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from July to September. The panicle inflorescence is 6 to 18 inches long and 1 to 3 inches wide, more or less tightly drawn together, upright. The side branches go in clusters from the main axis. The spikelet stalks are 1 to 5 millimeters long. The spikelets are single-flowered, 4 to 5 millimeters long, green or straw-colored and tinged with purple. The glumes are 4 to 5 millimeters long and acuminate. The lemma is five-nerved, 3.5 to 4 millimeters long. The awn is 4 to 5 millimeters long and kneeling. The lower awn is twisted like a string, the upper awn is straight and rough. The palea is two-veined. There are three stamens . The anthers are about 2 millimeters long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.
Occurrence
The colorful riding grass occurs in Europe. Its distribution area is Central and Southern Europe and extends north only to Gotland .
The mountain riding grass grows gregariously in high montane or pre-alpine pine forests and in open sloping grass , especially on fresh, mostly lime-rich but nutrient-poor, mild, more or less humus-rich, medium to deep clay soils , on marl slides , on avalanche tracks and alluvions . It is an alternating moisture indicator , a light and partial shade plant , a pioneer plant and a soil stabilizer . Calamagrostis varia is a character species of the Laserpitio-Calamagrostietum variae association from the Caricion ferrugineae association. But it also occurs in plant communities of the Mesobromion, Erico-Pinion and Cephalanthero-Fagion associations. The mountain riding grass likes to be found together with the pipe pipe grass ( Molinia arundinacea ). In the Alps it rises to altitudes of 2700 meters.
Taxonomy
The first description in 1806 was under the name (Basionym) Arundo varia by Heinrich Adolf Schrader in Flora Germanica , Volume 2, page 216. The new combination to Calamagrostis varia (Schrad.) Host was 1809 by Nicolaus Thomas Host in Icones et Descriptiones Graminum Austriacorum , Volume 4, page 27, plate 47. Synonyms for Calamagrostis varia (Schrad.) Host are: Calamagrostis arundinacea var. Varia (Schrad.) Fiori , Arundo sedenensis Loisel. Calamagrostis montana host .
literature
- Hans Joachim Conert: Lamarckia aurea , pp. 376-377. In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe. 3rd edition, Volume I, Part 3. Paul Parey Publishing House, Berlin, Hamburg, 1987, ISBN 3-489-52320-2 . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , p. 255.
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Calamagrostis varia. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 11, 2020.
- ↑ Calamagrostis varia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 12, 2020.
Web links
- Calamagrostis varia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 12, 2020.