Berlin Gate (Hamburg)

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Berliner-Tor-Center , in the middle the former police headquarters, in the foreground the stairs to the S-Bahn

The Berliner Tor was a former city gate in Hamburg and is now an important traffic junction in the St. Georg district , on the border with Borgfelde and Hammerbrook . Today, the name Berliner Tor stands primarily for the underground and S-Bahn station of the same name . In addition, the street names Berliner Tor and Berlinertordamm are reminiscent of the former passage. The Berliner Tor Center , a high-rise office complex around the former police headquarters , also shapes the cityscape .

history

The Berlin Gate in 1834

The Berliner Tor was built in the course of the construction of the so-called "New Works" (1679–1682), with which the suburb of St. Georg , located outside the Wallring , was included in the city fortifications. It was one of three entrances in this area next to the Lübeck Gate further north and the Sechslingspforte near the Alster , which was only added in the 19th century . From here the road led to Berlin .

In the 17th and 18th centuries, near the Berliner Tor, there was also the straw store of the Hamburg cavalry , after which the street at the straw house was named. After the end of the French occupation of Hamburg (1806–1814), the Berliner Tor was demolished around 1820 because it - like the entire city fortifications - was militarily outdated and no longer offered any protection. In place of the gate, pillar-bounded passages were built, which were closed by iron gates at night until the opening of the gate in 1861.

The street Beim Berliner Tor , which runs parallel to the former city wall, has existed since at least 1844, since 1899 it has only been called Berliner Tor . The Berlinertordamm , which runs over the former moat, has had this name since 1905.

In 1906 the station of the suburban railway to Ohlsdorf was opened, in 1912 the first underground station of the ring line followed a little north of it (today's U3). As part of the construction of the underground line to Billstedt (today's U2 / U4), a new four-track transfer station was built in 1964 and connected to the existing S-Bahn station via a tunnel.

Buildings

Berliner Tor Center

The area around the Berliner Tor train station is mainly characterized by office and commercial buildings. Exemplary is the striking, 90-meter-high Berliner-Tor-Center , an office building ensemble around the former police headquarters built between 1958 and 1962 and now a listed building of the working group of Hans Atmer and Jürgen Marlow with Hans Th. Holthey as well as Egon Jux and Harro Freese. The designs for the extension buildings completed in 2004 come from Jan Störmer . The Berliner Tor Center offers a total of 78,000 square meters of office space and around 100 apartments.

Main fire station Berliner Tor

Main fire station Berliner Tor

To the north of the train station there are two buildings belonging to the former head building director Fritz Schumacher : the main fire station building , built 1911–15, and the Klosterschule grammar school from 1919–22. The State Commercial School Berliner Tor is located between the main fire station, the monastery school and the HAW campus adjoining to the north .

From 1855 to 1911 there was a high reservoir for the Hamburg water supply on the site of the fire station (see gallery).

HAW campus and justice forum

The main campus of the University of Applied Sciences (HAW, formerly Hamburg University of Applied Sciences ) extends between Berliner Tor and Lübecker Tor to the north . The main building of the HAW was built by Fritz Schumacher between 1910 and 1922 for the then technical state schools .

At the northern end of the street Berliner Tor is the house of the courts / Justizforum Ost Lübeckertordamm, inaugurated in 2003, with the higher administrative court and the administrative court of Hamburg , the financial court of Hamburg and the district court of Hamburg-St. George .

Berliner Bogen

"Berliner Bogen" office building

On the southern side of the train station, thus already in Hammerbrook , the Berliner Bogen spans - a light and air-flooded office building made of glass and steel in a modern design language, designed by BRT Architects (= Jens Bothe, Kai Richter, Hadi Teherani ), built in 1998– 2001, won the German Steel Prize 2002 - at Anckelmannsplatz the north end of the flood basin . The eight-story “house within a house” offers around 32,000 m² of rental space (gross floor area: 43,000 m²) for around 1200 workplaces. The two façade levels and six integrated winter gardens as a climatic buffer zone between the inner building and the outdoor space create a microclimate in which heating and operating costs can be halved by doing without conventional air conditioning ; In addition to natural ventilation, the associated soundproofing also creates a pleasant working atmosphere . Hamburger Stadtentwässerung (HSE) operates a mixed water retention basin in the basement of the house to prevent the public sewers from overflowing in the event of heavy rain .

Bunker at the Berliner Tor

Also in the immediate vicinity of the Berliner Tor, in a green area on the Borgfeld side, there are two air raid protection structures from the Second World War: on the one hand a Zombeck tower bunker for short-term stays, on the other hand the three-story underground bunker Berlinertordamm , which was used as a public shelter in the 1960s a nuclear war was expanded. Both plants are now a listed building.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Christian Hanke: Hamburgs street names tell history , Medien-Verlag Schubert, Hamburg 2006, 4th edition, p. 305, ISBN 3-929229-41-2
  2. Karl H.Hoffmann: Jürgen Marlow. In: Hamburg Architecture Archive. Retrieved January 19, 2020 .
  3. ^ Daniel Tilgner (ed.): Hamburg from Altona to Zollenspieker. The Haspa manual for all districts of the Hanseatic city. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-455-11333-8 , p. 949.
  4. ^ Structurae: Building with Steel eV

Web links

Commons : Berliner Bogen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Berliner Tor Center  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 53 ° 33 ′ 9 ″  N , 10 ° 1 ′ 32 ″  E