Beaver (sluice)

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beaver
Data
Water code DE : 41164
location Thuringia , Germany
River system Weser
Drain over Lock  → Werra  → Weser  → North Sea
source Beaver spring near Masserberg
50 ° 31 ′ 6 ″  N , 10 ° 57 ′ 35 ″  E
Source height 769.5  m above sea level NN 
muzzle Lock in Lichtenau Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 13 ″  N , 10 ° 50 ′ 34 ″  E 50 ° 30 ′ 13 ″  N , 10 ° 50 ′ 34 ″  E
Mouth height approx.  425  m above sea level NN 
Height difference approx. 344.5 m
Bottom slope approx. 29 ‰
length 11.9 km
Catchment area 26.4 km²
Left tributaries Eselsgrund (1.7 km), Leutenbach (2.4 km)
Right tributaries Fehrenbach (2.8 km), Heubach (1.9 km), Bach east of Schnetts (1.4 km), Bärengrund (2.3 km)
Small towns Masserberg
Communities Fehrenbach , Heubach , Einsiedel , Tellerhammer , Biberschlag , Lichtenau

The Biber is a 12 km long left tributary of the lock in the Hildburghausen district at the interface between the Thuringian Forest and the Thuringian Slate Mountains .

course

The Biber rises southwest of Masserberg am Sattel between Fehrenberg and Eselsberg , from where it initially flows in a southwest direction through the Masserberg districts, Heubach and Einsiedel . In its lower reaches, the Biber changes direction several times before finally flowing into the lock in Lichtenau from the left.

Surname

The name of the river refers to the habitat of the beaver .

Economic history

The Bibertal has been visited by miners and charcoal burners since the 14th century and the settlements Biberschlag and Engenstein (both mentioned in 1317), Lichtenau (mentioned in 1596) and the Tellerhammer (around 1590) founded. They belonged to the Eisfeld office. In 1852 the four communities had a total of only 675 inhabitants and 94 houses. After the decline of mining (based on the mining of iron ore ), the abundance of wood became the most important source of income for the population. In addition, the water power of the Biberbach was used for numerous painting and sawmills. Since the 1950s, tourism, starting from Masserberg, has become important for the towns in the Bibertal.

Traffic development

In the upper Bibertal the country road 2052 runs from Masserberg to Einsiedel, in the lower Bibertal the county road 523 connects from Einsiedel to Lichtenau and on to Waldau.

The gorge-like valley of the Biber separates the mountain ranges of the Simmersberg ( 781  m above sea level ) in the north and the Grendel ( 787  m above sea level ) in the south. The latter extends that of the source mountain Eselsberg ( 841.5  m above sea level ) to the southwest.

literature

  • Horst H. Müller (Hrsg.): Travel guide Thuringian Forest and peripheral areas . Tourist Verlag, Berlin and Leipzig 1977, p. 800 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Topographic map 1: 25,000
  2. ↑ a b c River lengths according to geopaths (kmz, 62 kB)
  3. ^ Thuringian State Institute for the Environment (ed.): Area and waterway key figures (directory and map). Jena 1998. 26 pp.
  4. ^ "Biberau", "Heubach", "Masserberg" . In: Horst H. Müller (Hrsg.): Travel Guide Thuringian Forest and peripheral areas . Tourist Verlag, Berlin and Leipzig 1977, p. 246-249, 406-407, 465-469 .
  5. ↑ Thuringian State Office for Building and Transport (Ed.) Strassenkarte Thuringia. 1: 200,000 . Erfurt, April 2009 edition.