Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve

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Korean spelling
Korean alphabet : 신안 다도해
Hanja : 新安 多 島 海
Revised Romanization : Sinan Dadohae
McCune-Reischauer : Sinan Tatohae
Rocks on the coast of Heuksando ( 흑산도 )

The biosphere reserve Shinan Dadohae (Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, SDBR) ( Korean 신안 다도해 ) is in 2009 by the UNESCO -recognized biosphere reserve in the district of Sinan-gun ( 신안군 ) the province of Jeollanam-do ( 전라남도 ) in the southwest of South Korea .

geography

The 3238.74 km 2 area of ​​Shinan Dadohae is part of the archipelago with over 1000 islands off the southwest coast of the Korean peninsula and extends west of the port city of Mokpo ( 목포시 ) into the Yellow Sea . The biosphere reserve is divided into three zones, the core zone, which comprises a land area of ​​165.66 km 2 and a lake area of ​​44.43 km 2 , the buffer zone, in which the land area is 232.05 km 2 and the lake area is 1020.09 km 2 and the so-called transition zone, which has a land area of 27.92 km 2 and a lake area of 1153.41 km 2 .

Coordinates

The individual protected areas are distributed in the sea area, which extends from 34 ° 0 ′  N , 125 ° 2 ′  E (most south-westerly point), to 35 ° 10 ′  N , 125 ° 2 ′  E (north-westerly point), 35 ° 10 ′  N , 126 ° 23 '  E (most north-easterly point) and 34 ° 0'  N , 126 ° 23 '  E (most south- easterly point) range.

Core zone

The core zone with a total area of ​​201 km 2 comprises 11 inhabited and 98 uninhabited islands, with a total land area of ​​46.47 km 2 and a total coastline of 274.39 km. The core zone includes the rural community of Heuksan-myeon ( 흑산면 ) with the Heuksando archipelago ( 흑산도 ) and the island of Hongdo ( 홍도 ) which include a total of 21 islands, the islands of the rural community of Bigeum-myeon ( 비금면 ) with Bigeumdo ( 비금도 ) and 92 other smaller islands, the islands of the rural community of Docho-myeon ( 도초면 ) with Dochodo ( 도초도 ) and 13 other smaller islands and the islands of the rural community of Jeungdo-myeon ( 증도면 ) with Jeungdo ( 증도 ) and 164 other smaller islands.

Buffer zone

The buffer zone with a total area of ​​1252.14 km 2 includes 7 inhabited and 126 uninhabited islands, with a total land area of ​​102.27 km 2 and a total coastline of 292.14 km.

Transition zone

In the transition zone, which covers a total area of ​​1776.61 km 2 , there are 215 islands with a total land area of ​​486.68 km 2 and a total coastline of 441.79 km.

geology

The southwest coast of the Korean peninsula, with all of its offshore islands, has characteristics of a Ria coast type. The water of the widely ramified area, criss-crossed with many islands, is a shallow water area with mud flats and numerous tidal creeks. The subsoil consists of tuff and volcanic-glacial sedimentary rock, which appears in the form of mountains and rocks on the respective islands. The rock was formed in the middle to late Cretaceous through volcanic eruptions and their ash deposits. Recurring volcanism caused the accumulation of volcanic ash in small basins where the fossils formed. The rise in sea level eventually submerged the lower lying areas and formed the island landscape.

history

On 26 May 2009, decided International Coordinating Council of the Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB-ICC) at its 21st meeting, held on the island of Jeju ( 제주도 ) when Shinan Dadohae an approximately 757.5 km 2 large area as to designate the country's third biosphere reserve and include it in the Man and the Biosphere Program (MAB) ( Man and the Biosphere ). At the time, the designated biosphere reserve comprised, in addition to a few small islands, the islands of Bigeumdo, Dochodo, Heuksando, Hongdo and part of Jeungdo, with the core area of ​​the reserve at 34.39 km 2 making up around 4.5% of the total designated area.

On March 19, 2016, at its 28th meeting, which took place in Latin America for the first time, the council decided to expand the Shinan Dadohae reserve to an area of ​​3,200 square kilometers in addition to 20 new biosphere reserves.

Usage concept

In the core area of the biosphere reserve, research and monitoring of the reserve will be carried out, as well as recreational opportunities for tourists, such as B. Mountain hiking on paths that residents have created. Also ecotourism for the maritime regions to be made possible.

In the buffer zones , business activities should continue to be possible based on the knowledge of the locals, such as the extraction of salt in the salt pans on some islands, see here the salt pans of Sinan . Ecotourism such as sightseeing and cycling would still be conceivable here.

In the transition zone (transition area) ecologically adapted fishing and fish farming is carried out, but the transport systems at sea in this area still require revision and sustainable development. With the participation of the local residents, ecotourism is to be developed that takes into account the local natural conditions. It is also recommended to work out local products as a unique selling point that characterizes the region. In general, this zone should also be considered a place of residence for locals.

vegetation

The predominant tree species on the islands are the evergreen trees typical of the warmer southern regions of South Korea, the pseudo-chestnut Castanopsis Sieboldii , Machilus thunbergii and the camellia ( Camellia japonica ). In association with the first two trees mentioned, the following herbs and shrubs can be found in their environment: Trachelospermum asiaticum , Ardisia japonica , Hedera rhombea , two-colored bush clover , tree aralia , Ophiopogon japonicus , Lemmaphyllum microphyllum and the liverwort Hepatica insularis .

Migratory birds

The two islands of Heuksando and Hongdo are important for East Asian migratory birds that migrate north or south before winter and summer . The islands are visited each year by around 300,000 migratory birds that migrate between Siberia and Southeast Asia. In 2005, South Korea founded the Migratory Bird Research Institute on Heuksando and has tagged around 5000 migratory birds every year since then in order to research their migratory behavior . Since then, 271 different bird species have been identified and two species, Eremophila alpestris brandti and Motacilla alba personata , were previously unknown in Korea.

literature

  • Sun-Kee Hong : Socio-economic foundation by biocultural resources management: Suggestion for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, Korea . In: Institution for Marine and Island Cultures, Mokpo National University (Ed.): Journal of Marine and Island Cultures . 2015 No. 4. Elsevier , 2015, p. 81–88 , doi : 10.1016 / j.imic.2015.11.001 (English, online [PDF; 1.1 MB ; accessed on November 17, 2017]).
  • Heon-Jong Lee and six others: Management plan for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve (SDBR), Republic of Korea: integrative perspective on ecosystem and human resources . In: Journal of Ecology and Field Biology . Vol.32 No. 2 , 2010, p. 95-103 , doi : 10.5141 / JEFB.2010.33.2.095 (English, online [PDF; 2.2 MB ; accessed on November 17, 2017]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Shinan Dadohaes . UNESCO , May 2015, accessed November 17, 2017 .
  2. ↑ a b c Hong : Socio-economic foundation by biocultural resources management: Suggestion for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, Korea . 2015, p.  81 (English).
  3. ↑ a b Hong : Socio-economic foundation by biocultural resources management: Suggestion for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, Korea . 2015, p.  83 (English).
  4. ↑ 전국 안내 지도 . 우성 지도 , Seoul 1999, ISBN 89-85762-10-9 , pp.  18, 21 ( National Guide Map ).
  5. ↑ Hong : Socio-economic foundation by biocultural resources management: Suggestion for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, Korea . 2015, p.  82 (English).
  6. ↑ Shinan Dadohae, Mt. Myohyang, Designated as New Biosphere Reserves . Korean National Commission for UNESCO , May 29, 2009, accessed November 17, 2017 .
  7. ^ Biosphere Reserve Information - Shinan Dadohae . In: MAB Biospere Reserves Directory . UNESCO , November 4, 2009, accessed November 17, 2017 .
  8. ↑ Lee et al. six w .: Management plan for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve (SDBR), Republic of Korea: integrative perspective on ecosystem and human resources . 2010, p.  96 (English).
  9. ↑ 20 new biosphere reserves. German UNESCO Commission, March 19, 2016, accessed on November 17, 2017 (English).
  10. ↑ Shinan Dadohae . (PDF 321 kB) Jeollanamdo Provincial Government , accessed on November 17, 2017 (English).
  11. ↑ Hong : Socio-economic foundation by biocultural resources management: Suggestion for UNESCO Shinan Dadohae Biosphere Reserve, Korea . 2015, p.  84 (English).