Bismuth chloride oxide

Crystal structure
	__ Bi 3+ __ Cl - __ O 2−
General
Surname	Bismuth chloride oxide
other names	Bismutyl chloride; Bismuth oxychloride; Bismuth oxychloride; basic bismuth chloride; Pigment white 14;
Ratio formula	BiOCl
Brief description	odorless white solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	232-122-7
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.202
PubChem	9859996
ChemSpider	8035695
Wikidata	Q418042
properties
Molar mass	260.48 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	7.72 g cm −3
solubility	almost insoluble in water, easily soluble in acids
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−366.9 kJ / mol
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Bismuth chloride oxide is a chemical compound made from bismuth , chlorine and oxygen that is used in the cosmetics industry.

Extraction and presentation

When a solution of bismuth (III) chloride prepared with water containing hydrochloric acid is dripped into a lot of water, bismuth chloride oxide ( basic bismuth chloride) separates out in shiny flakes or as a dazzling white powder.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {BiCl_ {3} + H_ {2} O \ longrightarrow BiOCl + 2 \ HCl}}

It is also possible to display it by reacting bismuth (III) chloride with cadmium (II) oxide at 400 ° C.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {BiCl_ {3} + CdO \ longrightarrow BiOCl + CdCl_ {2}}}

properties

BiCl ₄ O ₄ unit in BiClO

Bismuth chloride oxide is a colorless crystal powder that is only very slightly soluble in water and has a tetragonal crystal structure. In addition to the anhydrate, there is also a hydrate BiOCl · H ₂ O. There are contradicting literature data on the water content of the preparations obtainable by hydrolysis of bismuth (III) chloride, but they can be dehydrated to BiOCl by heating to> 260 ° C. Bismuth chloride oxide (BiClO) crystallizes tetragonally , space group P 4 / nmm (space group no. 129) with the lattice parameters a = 3.887 Å and c = 7.354 Å. The structure consists of Bi ³⁺ ions, which are coordinated by four chloride and four oxide ions. The coordination polyhedron is a square antiprism. Each chloride and oxide ion coordinates a further three bismuth ions, so that a layer structure results. In addition to BiClO, the bismuth chloride oxides Bi ₃ ClO ₄ and Bi ₂₄ Cl ₁₀ O _{31 are also} known. Template: room group / 129

use

Bismuth chloride oxide was previously used in medicine and as make-up (bismuth white, pearl white, make-up powder, blanc d'Espagne). It is still used today as a dye in lipsticks, mascara and similar cosmetic products and is used as a material for pearlescent effects. It is also used in combination with prednisolone acetate in ointments or suppositories for hemorrhoids .

literature

Gerhard Pfaff: Special effect pigments: Basics and applications . 2nd Edition. Vincentz Network GmbH & Co KG, 2007, ISBN 978-3-86630-895-4 ; Pp. 37–39 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b data sheet bismuth chloride oxide from AlfaAesar, accessed on February 3, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) . .
↑ ^a ^b bismuth chloride . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 16, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 696.
↑ ^a ^b data sheet bismuth chloride oxide from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 13, 2011 ( PDF ).
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-6.
↑ ^a ^b Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 598.
↑ KG Keramidas, GPVoutsas, PI Rentzeperis: The crystal structure of BiOCl. In: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie , 205, 1993, pp. 35-40, doi: 10.1524 / zkri.1993.205.Part-1.35 .
↑ U. Eggenweiler, E. Keller, V. Krämer, CA Meyer, J. Ketterer: Crystal structure of tribismuth tetraoxide chloride, Bi ₃ ClO ₄ . In: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures , 213, 1998, p. 695.
↑ U. Eggenweiler, E. Keller, V. Krämer: Redetermination of the crystal structures of the 'Arppe compound' Bi ₂₄ O ₃₁ Cl ₁₀ and the isomorphous Bi ₂₄ O ₃₁ Br ₁₀ . In: Acta Crystallographica , B56, 2000, pp. 431-437, doi: 10.1107 / S0108768100000550 .
↑ pvsoap.com: How to Make Your Own Mineral Makeup ( Memento from May 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
↑ BBS II Celle: Bunt and Effect Pigments ( Memento of October 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) ( MS Word ; 171 kB)

[alfa-1] ta sheet bismuth chloride oxide from AlfaAesar, accessed on February 3, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) . .

[meyer-2] bismuth chloride . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 16, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 696.

[Sigma-3] ta sheet bismuth chloride oxide from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 13, 2011 ( PDF ).

[CRC90_5_6-4] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Standard Thermodynamic Properties of Chemical Substances, pp. 5-6.

[brauer-5] Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 598.

[6] KG Keramidas, GPVoutsas, PI Rentzeperis: The crystal structure of BiOCl. In: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie , 205, 1993, pp. 35-40, doi: 10.1524 / zkri.1993.205.Part-1.35 .

[7] U. Eggenweiler, E. Keller, V. Krämer, CA Meyer, J. Ketterer: Crystal structure of tribismuth tetraoxide chloride, Bi ₃ ClO ₄ . In: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures , 213, 1998, p. 695.

[8] U. Eggenweiler, E. Keller, V. Krämer: Redetermination of the crystal structures of the 'Arppe compound' Bi ₂₄ O ₃₁ Cl ₁₀ and the isomorphous Bi ₂₄ O ₃₁ Br ₁₀ . In: Acta Crystallographica , B56, 2000, pp. 431-437, doi: 10.1107 / S0108768100000550 .

[9] vsoap.com: How to Make Your Own Mineral Makeup ( Memento from May 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive )

[10] BBS II Celle: Bunt and Effect Pigments ( Memento of October 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) ( MS Word ; 171 kB)