Bismuth (III) chloride
Crystal structure | ||||||||||||||||
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Bi 3+ : __ Cl - : __ | ||||||||||||||||
Crystal system | ||||||||||||||||
Space group |
Pnma (No. 62) |
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General | ||||||||||||||||
Surname | Bismuth (III) chloride | |||||||||||||||
other names |
Bismuth trichloride |
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Ratio formula | BiCl 3 | |||||||||||||||
Brief description |
white solid with a slight chlorine odor |
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External identifiers / databases | ||||||||||||||||
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properties | ||||||||||||||||
Molar mass | 315.34 g mol −1 | |||||||||||||||
Physical state |
firmly |
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density |
4.75 g cm −3 |
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Melting point |
230-232 ° C |
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boiling point |
447 ° C |
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solubility |
soluble in water with hydrolysis . |
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safety instructions | ||||||||||||||||
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Toxicological data | ||||||||||||||||
Thermodynamic properties | ||||||||||||||||
ΔH f 0 |
−379 kJ mol −1 |
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As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . |
Bismuth trichloride is a chemical compound between bismuth and chlorine with the empirical formula BiCl 3 . It is a colorless solid.
Extraction and presentation
Bismuth (III) chloride can be obtained either directly from the elements or by reacting bismuth (III) oxide with hydrochloric acid .
properties
Bismuth (III) chloride forms white, deliquescent crystals that smell of hydrogen chloride . The structure of bismuth (III) chloride corresponds to that of bismuth (III) fluoride . It represents a distorted uranium (III) chloride structure.
Bismuth (III) chloride reacts with water to form insoluble bismuth chloride oxide , but the reaction can be suppressed by acidification.
Bismuth (III) chloride is a Lewis acid ; anionic complexes of the form ECl 4 - , ECl 5 2− or ECl 6 3− are formed with chloride donors such as sodium chloride .
In contrast to arsenic and antimony (III) chloride , bismuth (III) chloride cannot be oxidized to bismuth (V) chloride.
use
By reacting sodium tungstate with bismuth (III) chloride, bismuth tungstate and sodium chloride can be obtained.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f data sheet bismuth (III) chloride (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.
- ↑ a b Entry on bismuth (III) chloride in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on July 23, 2016(JavaScript required) .
- ^ AF Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , p. 952 (reading sample: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ).
- ↑ Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler a . a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 597.
- ^ Joel Henry Hildebrand: Principles of Chemistry . BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2008, ISBN 0559318774 , p. 191.
- ^ RJ Meyer: Wolfram . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-662-13401-6 ( books.google.com ).
literature
- AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , pp. 832-836.