Lead (II) nitrate

Structural formula
Crystal system	cubic
Space group	Pa 3 (No. 205) (formerly room group Pa 3)
General
Surname	Lead (II) nitrate
other names	Lead nitrate
Molecular formula	Pb (NO 3 ) 2
Brief description	colorless and odorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 10099-74-8 EC number 233-245-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.030.210 PubChem 16683880 ChemSpider 23300 Wikidata Q215281
properties
Molar mass	331.21 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	4.53 g cm −3
Melting point	470 ° C (decomposition)
solubility	good in water (522 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS hazard labeling from  Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , expanded if necessary danger H and P phrases H: 272-360Df-302-332-318-373-410 P: 201-273-280-305 + 351 + 338-308 + 313
Authorization procedure under REACH	of particular concern : toxic for reproduction ( CMR )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Lead (II) nitrate , a white, crystalline solid, is the lead (II) salt of nitric acid . Lead (II) nitrate is a strong oxidizing agent . In contrast to other lead salts, it is easily soluble in water. Because of this, it is poisonous.

presentation

Lead (II) nitrate produced during the reaction of hot, dilute nitric acid with (1) Lead , or (2) lead (II) oxide :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {1)\ 3\ Pb+8\ HNO_{3}\longrightarrow 3\ Pb(NO_{3})_{2}+4\ H_{2}O+2\ NO} }$

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2)\ PbO+2\ HNO_{3}\longrightarrow Pb(NO_{3})_{2}+H_{2}O} }$

It crystallizes from the solutions in large, water-clear crystals .

The reaction of lead (II) carbonate with nitric acid also produces lead (II) nitrate with the formation of carbon dioxide :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {PbCO_{3}+2\ HNO_{3}\longrightarrow Pb(NO_{3})_{2}+CO_{2}+H_{2}O} }$

properties

Lead (II) nitrate

In contrast to many other lead (II) salts such as lead (II) chloride or lead (II) sulfate , lead (II) nitrate is readily soluble in water.

If lead (II) nitrate is heated to its decomposition temperature of 470 ° C, it decomposes with the formation of nitrogen dioxide , oxygen and lead (II) oxide:

${\displaystyle \mathrm {2\ Pb(NO_{3})_{2}\longrightarrow \ 2\ PbO+4\ NO_{2}+O_{2}} }$

This chemical reaction is therefore suitable for the formation of small quantities of the gas nitrogen dioxide in the laboratory. Because of the release of oxygen, lead (II) nitrate is used as an oxidizing agent in the synthesis of dyes .

toxicity

Lead nitrate is harmful, teratogenic and may the fertility affect. It can be absorbed through the skin, even if only in negligible amounts. It also poses a threat to the environment as it is toxic to aquatic organisms .

use

Lead (II) nitrate is still used in the production of textile stains , special explosives, etching solutions and for coloring mother-of-pearl .

Individual evidence

1. ^ WC Hamilton: A Neutron Crystallographic Study of Lead Nitrate , in: Acta Cryst. , 1957 , 10 , pp. 103-107. doi : 10.1107 / S0365110X57000304 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet lead (II) nitrate (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Entry on lead (II) nitrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 6, 2019(JavaScript required) .
4. ↑ Not explicitly listed in Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (CLP) , but with the specified labeling it falls under the group entry lead compounds with the exception of those specified elsewhere in this Annex in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) , accessed on February 1, 2016. Manufacturers or distributors can expand the harmonized classification and labeling .
5. ↑ Entry in the SVHC list of the European Chemicals Agency , accessed on July 16, 2014.
6. ^ Laboratory manual of chemistry, for secondary schools , 1905, p. 108.