Dewberry

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Dewberry
Dewberry (Rubus caesius)

Dewberry ( Rubus caesius )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Rose-like (rosales)
Family : Rose family (Rosaceae)
Subfamily : Rosoideae
Genre : Rubus
Type : Dewberry
Scientific name
Rubus caesius
L.

The dewberry ( Rubus caesius ), also called frosted blackberry , goatberry , croatzberry or fieldberry , is a species from the large genus of blackberries ( Rubus ), from the subgenus Rubus.

features

These are subshrubs , the rods of which, often lying down, reach lengths of only 30 to 60 cm. The plants are sparsely covered with bristle-shaped spines .

The leaves are triply pinnate . Five-fold pinnate leaves, as in many other species of the subgenus, occur only in exceptional cases. The side feathers are almost sitting. The leaflets of the fully grown leaves are hardly longer than wide.

The collective fruits of the dewberry consist of relatively few (mostly 5 to 20) single stone fruits , into which they disintegrate easily. They have a strong bluish frosting and taste similar to blackberries, only not quite as intense in taste and slightly tart.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.

ecology

Pollination by stone bumblebees

The dewberry needs moist to wet, nutrient-rich loam or clay soil, which can be quite raw and poor in humus and should be calcareous. It has roots up to 2 meters deep.

It inhabits alluvial forests, river and stream banks, hedges, embankments, former rubble sites and fields. It is flood tolerant and a soil compaction indicator.

The white flowers are homogeneous .

The juicy, bland and sour tasting composite stone fruit has a bluish frosting due to a wax coating, and it often consists of only a few individual fruits.

There is an intensive vegetative propagation through root shoots and rooting shoots.

Occurrence

The dewberry occurs in nutrient-rich places on roadsides or in light bushes. It also often grows in the gravel of river banks or alluvial forests . In Central Europe it is a character species of the order Convolvuletalia, but also occurs in societies of the associations Salicion albae or Alno-Ulmion.

It is in Europe and North Asia disseminated.

Distribution in Central Europe

The dewberry is absent in the Central European lowlands, in the low-lime mountain ranges and in the central Alps with crystalline rock. Otherwise it occurs scattered in Central Europe . It seldom rises above 1000 m in the Alps ; so z. B. in the Allgäu Alps in Vorderreute near Wertach up to an altitude of 1050 meters.

use

From the collection drupe Kratzbeeren- will liqueur produced.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
  • August Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , 1972, Verlag Paul Parey, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 4: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Haloragaceae to Apiaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3315-6 .
  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe , Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 2, ISBN 3 440-08048-X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 511.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 42.

Web links

Commons : Dewberry ( Rubus caesius )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files