Bolesław Drobner

Bolesław Drobner

Bolesław Drobner (born June 28, 1883 in Cracow ; died March 31, 1968 there ) was a Polish socialist politician ( PPSD , PPS , NSPP , PZPR ). The chemist was the first Polish mayor of Wroclaw after the Second World War in 1945 and a member of the Sejm until his death in 1947 .

Life

At the age of fifteen, Drobner, who was born in Austria-Hungary at the time, joined the Polish Social Democratic Party of Galicia and Teschner Silesia . After graduating from high school in Kraków, he studied chemistry in Berlin and Lemberg and received his doctorate in 1903 from the University of Freiburg . He founded a chemical laboratory in Cracow and participated in the conspiracy under the code name Doctor . He has been suspected several times by the Austrian police of illegally producing explosives for terrorist attacks.

During the First World War he fought in the Polish legions and after the oath crisis in the Austro-Hungarian army . In restored Poland , he joined the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) in 1919 . Disappointed with its declining radicalism, he founded the left-wing Independent Socialist Labor Party (NSPP) in 1921 . He was acquitted in 1922 in a high treason trial against him . In 1928 he returned to the PPS and in 1934 became a member of the party executive. He campaigned for cooperation with the Communist Party of Poland . From 1933 he was a member of the Kraków City Council. In 1936 he made a trip to the Soviet Union and published enthusiastic reports after his return, whereupon he was expelled from the PPS. After another trial he was found guilty in 1938 and remained in prison until the outbreak of World War II.

During the Soviet occupation of the Polish eastern territories in September 1939, he was released and accepted the position offered to him as director of the Lemberg potash works. In June 1940, however, he was arrested and deported to Siberia (Beregaiewo, Teguldet district ). From 1941 he worked under house arrest as a chemist and pharmacist in Cheboksary , moved to Moscow in 1942 and, released in accordance with the Sikorski-Maiski Agreement , joined the Union of Polish Patriots under Wanda Wasilewska in March 1943 . After the Soviet and Polish combat units crossed the Bug Line in July 1944, he was one of the founders of the restored domestic PPS as its chairman and, from 1945, first deputy chairman. He was also appointed on July 22, 1944 to the chief minister for labor, social affairs and health in the provisional government PKWN under his party member Edward Osóbka-Morawski . He held the office until December 31, 1944.

Drobner as Mayor of Wroclaw

Because of the fighting , Bolesław Drobner was proclaimed the first Polish city ​​president of Wroclaw on March 14, 1945 . After a disagreement with the Soviet city commander, he was recalled on June 9, 1945 and ordered to Krakow. From September 9, 1944 he was a member of the provisional parliament of the Landesnationalrat , then from 1947–1952 to the constituent Sejm and from 1952 until his death to the Sejm for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th electoral periods. Three times (1957, 1961 and 1965) he led the inaugural sessions as senior president .

Although Drobner was one of the most determined opponents of the unification of the PPS with the Communist Polish Workers' Party (PPR) in 1948 , he remained in the unified PZPR. He temporarily withdrew from the political debates. During the Polish thaw he was elected chairman of the Kraków Region of the PZPR in October 1956, but resigned in February 1957.

Drobner's grave in Krakow

Drobner died in 1968 and was buried in a secular ceremony in Kraków's Rakowice Cemetery .

family

Bolesław Drobner was born with Luba Drobner. Hirszowicz (1884–1965) married. Their children together were Dorota Irena Drobner (1908 – approx. 1941) and Mieczysław Drobner .

Web links

• Encyclopedia PWN : Drobner Bolesław (Polish).
• Sebastian Drabik: Bolesław Drobner - droga od socjaldemokracji . In: Dziennik Polski, February 1, 2016 (Polish).
• Encyklopedia Krakowa: Drobner Bolesław (Polish).