Boleslaus (Glogau-Oels)

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Boleslaw of Oels (also Boleslaw of Oels Bolko von Kalisch and Oels * 1293 /1296; † 1320 /1321) was from 1309 to 1312 along with his four brothers Duke of Glogau and lord of Greater Poland . From 1312 until his death in 1320 he was an independent Duke of Oels . In addition, 1312/1313 was together with his brother Konrad I. Lord of Gnesen and Kalisch and 1313/1314 independent Lord of Gnesen. He came from the Glogau branch of the Silesian Piasts .

Life

Boleslaus parents were Heinrich III. von Glogau († 1309) and Mechthild († 1318), daughter of Duke Albrecht of Braunschweig-Lüneburg .

After the death of their father Heinrich III., Who in addition to his Silesian possessions was also the master of almost all of Greater Poland , Boleslaus and his brothers inherited Heinrich IV († 1342), Konrad I († 1366), Johann († 1361 ) in 1309 / 65) and Primislaus / Primko († 1331) their areas. They administered this jointly until 1312 under the tutelage of their mother Mechthild von Braunschweig.

In order to prevent a fragmentation of their territories, the five brothers initially divided their inheritance into two parts on February 29, 1312. The third-born Boleslaus and the second-born Konrad I received the eastern area with the cities of Gnesen , Kalisch , Oels and Wohlau . The eldest brother Heinrich IV and the two youngest brothers Johann and Primislaus / Primko received the larger western area with the towns of Steinau , Sagan , Grünberg , Crossen and Posen . Glogau , Beuthen and Freystadt also belonged to these three brothers , but they were initially assigned to their mother as personal belongings for her life .

Already in 1314 Boleslaus and Conrad I lost their Greater Poland territories to Władysław I. Ellenlang . In 1318 Boleslaus brother Heinrich IV protested at the same time for his brothers and other Silesian dukes against the collection of St. Peter's penny in the form of poll tax, which was not common in Silesia at that time . The objection to the papal chair in Avignon was rejected by the Pope. As the dukes continued to refuse to pay, an interdict was imposed on the diocese of Wroclaw . On June 23, 1323, Henry IV addressed the Pope on behalf of his brothers under the title "Duke of Silesia, Heir of the Kingdom of Poland, Lord of Glogau and Posen" and assured him that he and his brothers would pay the Peter pfennigs had now ordered in their lands. At the same time he asked the Pope for his protection in case the emperor or the Roman king wanted to extend their feudal sovereignty over Heinrich's and his brothers lands.

After Boleslaus died unmarried and without descendants in 1320/21, his brother Conrad I inherited his territories. Since the Polish King Władysław I. Ellenlang also filed claims, there were subsequent armed conflicts over Boleslaus' inheritance, in which Henry VI. of Breslau also the dukes of Liegnitz , Schweidnitz and Opole were involved.

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personal data
SURNAME Boleslaus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Boleslaw von Oels; Bolko from Kalisch and Oels
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Oels
DATE OF BIRTH between 1293 and 1296
DATE OF DEATH 1320 or 1321