Bottlenberg (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those from the Bottlenberg

Bottlenberg is the name of an old Bergisch and later Westphalian noble family . The first generations of the lords of the Bottlenberg were ministerials of the first count house of Berg . The family held the dignity of hereditary chamberlain of the prince Abbey of Essen .

Name origin

Various theories have been published in the past about the origin of the name. In 1859 Ernst Heinrich Kneschke stated that “a Bottlenberg farm near Opladen ” had been the headquarters . This had already belonged to Hermann I (von Bottlenberg) in 1189, but this cannot be deduced from the 1189 document. In 1878 Anton Fahne copied from Kneschke. He also named a "Bottlenberg farm near Opladen" as the headquarters. Gustav Boddenberg, on the other hand, reported in 1937 that there was a "Gut Boddenberg" in the Steinbüchel parish as the headquarters. Johann von Lülsdorff, in turn, found out in 1949 that the Boddlenberg family , as one of the oldest Bergisch knightly families, had their ancestral seat in Amt Miselohe , without specifying the location in more detail. Robert Steimel introduced a new theory in 1953, according to which there was a "Stammhaus Bottlenburg bei Elberfeld " (presumably Boltenberg ), which in 1956 found its way into the Genealogical Handbook of the Nobility , which followed this account in 1974. Kurt Niederau dismissed this theory in 1976 as a “fantasy”. In addition, it is often stated that the eponymous seat was a Bodlenberg house near Hackhausen in Solingen . This theory was rejected by Niederau due to the lack of age of the house.

The most recent publication by Ahlemann is based on the assumption that Boddenberg in Leverkusen - Steinbüchel was the headquarters, since Boddenberg is only about two kilometers from the first family castle of the Counts of Berg, Burg Berge . This is also an explanation for the very early, close connection between the Lords of Bottlenberg and the first Bergisch count house.

history

The family first appeared in 1189 with Hermannus de Bodelenberch , Ministerialer to Count von Berg. As early as the 14th century, two lines were formed: called Kessel and called Schirp . The Schirp line appears with Adolph's dictus Schirp in 1318. The reliable Schirp line begins with Heinrich von Bottlenberg called Schirp , who can be traced from 1349. The Schirp line is still in bloom today. 1954 adopted the couple Franz Freiherr of the Bottlenberg gen. Of Schirp on Baldeney , and Maria von Landsberg-Velen in Essen Heidenreich Freiherr von Landsberg-Velen. The form of the name Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg-Landsberg subsequently used by this Landsberger branch is unobjectionable under nobility law .

The Kessel-Linie owned an estate in Serm from 1313 and leased a nearby farm from 1349 at the latest in Huckingen (today: Gut Kesselsberg ) . The nickname Kessel can be traced back to 1391. Other (interim) possessions of the Kessel line were for example Haus Bavier , Schloss Hackhausen , Schloss Caspersbroich or Schloss Neuenhof . The Kessel line died out in the male line in 1824. Shortly afterwards, Julius von dem Bussche-Ippenburg from the noble family Bussche , adopted by the Bottlenberg called Kessel, received the Prussian name and coat of arms association with the extinct lords of the Bottlenberg called Kessel on May 3, 1825 and became a Kessel on October 15, 1840 raised to the Prussian count status. From the legacy of the Bottlenberg-Kessel family, Neuenhof Castle came into the possession of the Bussche-Ippenburg, whose branch was now called von Kessell from the Bussche-Ippenburg . In 1830 Prussian recognition of the baron class was obtained for the entire family.

To date, neither the exact relationship between the two lines nor the origin of the epithets Kessel and Schirp has been clarified. Anton Fahne invented a court near Düsseldorf for Kessel and postulated a headquarters of the same name near Solingen for Schirp . Another interpretation by Kurt Niederau, which is also not reliably verifiable, is that Schirp stands for a shard that was broken out of a whole ( cauldron ). According to this, Schirp would stand for a subsequent or Bestard line, Kessel for the main line.

coat of arms

Family coat of arms of those of the Bottlenberg in the coat of arms of the Westphalian nobility

The family coat of arms shows a black double pinnacle bar in silver. On the helmet with black and silver covers, the body of a red-tongued, silver bracken growing, with the tinned bar of the shield as a collar (or in addition to a gold collar).

The coat of arms shows the von dem Bottlenberg as well as those of Nesselrode , the Quadt and the von Opladen attested for the 13th century as vassals of the first Bergisch count house , which had two or more black double pinnacle beams in silver and died out in 1225.

Personalities

  • Engelbert (III.) Von dem Bottlenberg (documented 1297–1318), Vogt of the Siegburg Abbey
  • Sibert von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel (documented 1429–1434), bailiff in Ratingen
  • Dietrich von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel (documented 1418–1466), mayor of the Gerresheim monastery
  • Mechtildis von dem Bottlenberg called Schirp († 1533), 1515–1532 abbess of the Cistercian monastery of Saarn
  • Eberhard von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel (documented 1639–1684, 1689 †), 1639 bailiff in the Elberfeld office
  • Sophie Charlotte von Bottlenberg, 1717–1748 abbess of Keppel Abbey
  • Johanna Alexandrina Elisabeth von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel, abbess of Herdecke Abbey around 1754
Anna Christine Katharina von dem Bottlenberg, 1753–1776, Abbess of the Elsey Monastery
  • Anna Christine Katharina von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel, 1753–1776 Abbess of the Elsey Monastery
  • Amalie Dorothea Elisabeth von dem Bottlenberg called Kessel, 1776–1797 Abbess of the Elsey Monastery
  • Franz Arnold Alexander Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg called Schirp, 1808–1822 mayor of Kettwig
  • Alexander Heinrich Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg called Schirp (1773–1824), 1811–1819 mayor of Werden
  • Alexander Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg called Schirp (1814–1887), 1851–1886 mayor of Werden
  • Maria Theodora Freifrau von dem Bottlenberg-Landsberg (* 1930), Germanist
  • Frank Freiherr von dem Bottlenberg, actor ( Peterchen in the German TV film Peterchens Mondfahrt )
  • Cornelia Freifrau von dem Bottlenberg (* 1951), actress ( Anneliese in the German TV film Peterchens Mondfahrt ) and singer (co-founder of the band Cora )

literature

  • Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume II, Volume 58 of the complete series, p. 35, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1974, ISSN  0435-2408
  • Dietmar Ahlemann: Herren von (dem) Bottlenberg , in: Huckinger Heimatbuch, Volume 3, Duisburg 2015, pp. 265–267.
  • Eberhard Fricke : About the origin of those from Bottlenberg, called Kessel. A contribution to the history of the owners of the Neuenhof house . In: Der Reidemeister, history sheets for Lüdenscheid city and country (Ed. Lüdenscheider Geschichtsverein e.V.), No. 40 of November 21, 1967, pp. 1-8 ( PDF, 8.55 MB) .
  • Kurt Niederau : On the history of the Bergisch nobility - The von dem Bottlenberg. In: Bergische Forschungen, Volume 14, Neustadt an der Aisch 1976.
  • Kurt Niederau: On the history of the Bergisch nobility - from the Bottlenberg called Kessel of the lines not descending from the house Hackhausen (part 1). In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein, Volume 93, year 1987/1988, Neustadt an der Aisch 1989, pp. 49–80.
  • Kurt Niederau: On the history of the Bergisch nobility - The from the Bottlenberg called. Kessel of the lines not descending from the House of Hackhausen (part 2). In: Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein, Volume 94, vol. 1989/1990, Neustadt an der Aisch 1991, pp. 49–67.

Web links

Commons : Bottlenberg family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke: New general German Adels Lexicon , Volume 1, Leipzig 1859, p. 598.
  2. ↑ Kremer, Jülich-Bergisches Urkundenbuch, No. 37.
  3. ^ Anton Fahne: Monuments and genealogical tables in Rhineland and Westphalia , Volume 2, Düsseldorf 1878, p. 171.
  4. ↑ Gustav Boddenberg: History of the Knights' Seats Bottenberg and Steinbüchel , Opladen 1937, p. 16.
  5. ^ Johann von Lülsdorff: On the development of sovereignty in the individual parts of the Duchy of Berg , in: ZBGV, 70th volume, Wuppertal-Elberfeld 1949, p. 260.
  6. ↑ Robert Steimel: Rheinisches crest lexicon , Cologne 1953, p. 10
  7. ^ GHdA , Freiherrliche Häuser, A Volume II, 1956 and Adelslexikon Volume II, 1974, p. 35
  8. ↑ Niederau (1976), p. 4.
  9. ↑ Goes back to: Anton Fahne, Forschungen, Volume 2, p. 10.
  10. ↑ Niederau (1976), p. 3.
  11. ↑ Dietmar Ahlemann: Gut Kesselsberg , in: Huckinger Heimatbuch, Volume 3, Duisburg 2015, p. 133.
  12. ↑ Kremer, Jülich-Bergisches Urkundenbuch, No. 37. According to Lacomblet , the form of the name is Herimannus de bodelenberch (Theodor Joseph Lacomblet: Urkundenbuch für die Geschichte des Niederrheins , Volume 1 (779-1200), Düsseldorf 1840, p. 364, No. 520 .).
  13. ↑ Niederau (1976), p. 8.
  14. ↑ Niederau (1976), p. 3.
  15. ↑ Niederau (1976), p. 9.