Broad-leaved eucoat

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Broad-leaved eucoat
Broad-leaved euonymus (Euonymus latifolius)

Broad-leaved euonymus ( Euonymus latifolius )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Spindle tree (Celastrales)
Family : Spindle trees (Celastraceae)
Subfamily : Celastroideae
Genre : Spindle bushes ( Euonymus )
Type : Broad-leaved eucoat
Scientific name
Euonymus latifolius
( L. ) Mill .

The broad-leaved euonymus ( Euonymus latifolius ), also known as the pre-alpine spindle bush , is a plant from the genus spindle bushes ( Euonymus ) within the spindle tree family (Celastraceae).

description

Illustration from storm
Broad-leaved eu cone blooming
inflorescence
Five-fold bloom
Open fruits and the seeds are of the orange aril enveloping

Appearance and leaf

The broad-leaved ephemeris grows as a deciduous shrub , more rarely a small tree, and reaches heights of 1 to 5 meters. The stem-round or slightly flattened branches have no cork strips.

The constantly against arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The furrowed petiole is 4 to 6 millimeters long. The leaf blade is usually elliptical with a length of 5 to 14 centimeters with a broad, wedge-shaped to rounded base and a very finely serrated leaf edge. The leaves are often reddish in autumn. The winter buds are up to 1.5 inches long.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering period is between May and June. In a lateral, stalked, 4 to 6 centimeters long, zymous inflorescence , 6 to 15 flowers stand together. The hermaphroditic flowers are seldom four, mostly five. The flowers are five-fold and are radially symmetrical with a diameter of about 1 centimeter. The four or usually five petals are about 2.5 inches long, greenish with a red border.

Fruit and seeds

The fruit cluster is drooping. The capsule fruit, which is pink to carmine red when ripe, has a diameter of about 2 centimeters and is rarely square, mostly pentagonal and (narrow) winged. The aril is orange-red. The seeds are white.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 64.

Occurrence

In Central Europe , the broad-leaved ephemera occurs rarely in the southern Swiss Jura , in the northern limestone Alps with their foreland (especially in the foehn areas ) and in the southern limestone Alps, but locally in loose stands; it is very rare in the Central Alps .

The Broad spindle tree thrives best in nutrient - and lime-rich , loose, something mullhaltigen clay soils , which must not be too dry. It settles in mountain forests and forest fringes, in areas with a lot of precipitation, cool in winter but mild in summer. In Central Europe it has its main focus in the Aceri-Tilietum (Tilio-Acerion Association).

Toxicity

The plant parts contain poisonous glycosides and alkaloids that act on the heart .

use

The broad-leaved ephemeris is used in the temperate latitudes as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens.

literature

  • Jost Fitschen : Woody flora. 12th revised and expanded edition. Source and Meyer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-494-01422-7 .
  • Werner Rothmaler : Excursion flora from Germany. Volume 2: Vascular Plants. Baseband. 20th, revised edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. 2nd revised edition. Volume 3, Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 651.

Web links

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